[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-study-detail:100640437":3},{"organization":4,"outcomesModule":7,"designInfo":32,"detailedDescription":42,"studyPopulation":37,"armGroups":43,"interventions":61,"overallOfficials":73,"centralContacts":78,"locations":86,"responsibleParty":123,"collaborators":37,"id":126,"slug":127,"hasResults":128,"nctId":129,"briefTitle":130,"officialTitle":131,"acronym":37,"eligibilityCriteria":132,"healthyVolunteers":128,"sex":133,"minAge":134,"maxAge":135,"enrollmentInfo":136,"targetDuration":37,"studyType":139,"phases":140,"briefSummary":142,"conditions":143,"keywords":148,"overallStatus":89,"whyStopped":37,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":155,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":156,"startDateStruct":159,"completionDateStruct":161,"leadSponsor":163,"locationsCount":164},{"fullName":5,"class":6},"University of Baghdad","OTHER",{"primaryOutcomes":8,"secondaryOutcomes":23,"otherOutcomes":28},[9,13,17,20],{"measure":10,"description":11,"timeFrame":12},"Oxygen Saturation (SpO₂)","Assessment of peripheral oxygen saturation in patients after open heart surgery undergoing breathing exercises (segmental breathing exercises or active cycle breathing technique)","Measurements will be obtained at baseline pre-intervention, 1 hour post-intervention, and 6 hours post-intervention during hospital stay",{"measure":14,"description":15,"timeFrame":16},"Respiratory Rate","Assessment of respiratory rate in patients after open heart surgery undergoing breathing exercises.","Measurements will be obtained at baseline pre-intervention,1 hour post-intervention, and 6 hours post-intervention",{"measure":18,"description":19,"timeFrame":12},"Heart Rate","Assessment of heart rate in patients after open heart surgery undergoing breathing exercises.",{"measure":21,"description":22,"timeFrame":12},"Systolic Blood Pressure, Diastolic Blood Pressure, and Pulse Pressure","Assessment of Systolic Blood Pressure Pulse Pressure, and Diastolic Blood Pressure in patients after open heart surgery undergoing breathing exercises.",[24],{"measure":25,"description":26,"timeFrame":27},"Dyspnea Index","Assessment of dyspnea index in patients after open heart surgery using a standardized dyspnea scale contain ten questions for score 0 = Never. 1 = Almost never. 2 = Sometimes. 3 = Almost always. 4 = Always , the higher number is the worst that to evaluate changes before interventions and after implementation of segmental breathing exercises or active cycle breathing techniques.","measur at baseline pre-intervention and post-intervention after 6 hours.",[29],{"measure":30,"description":31,"timeFrame":12},"Mean Arterial Pressure","Assessment of Mean Arterial Pressure in patients after open heart surgery undergoing breathing exercises.",{"allocation":33,"interventionModel":34,"interventionModelDescription":35,"primaryPurpose":36,"observationalModel":37,"timePerspective":37,"maskingInfo":38},"RANDOMIZED","PARALLEL","participants will be randomly assigned into intervention groups receiving segmental breathing exercises and another receiving active cycle breathing techniques compare to control group after open heart surgery to evaluate their effects on dyspnea and cardiopulmonary parameters.","TREATMENT",null,{"masking":39,"maskingDescription":37,"whoMasked":40},"SINGLE",[41],"PARTICIPANT","This randomized clinical trial evaluates the effects of segmental breathing exercises (SBE) and active cycle breathing technique (ACBT) on dyspnea, cardiopulmonary parameters, and postoperative pulmonary complications in adults undergoing elective open-heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.\n\nParticipants will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: segmental breathing exercises group, active cycle breathing technique group, or standard care group. Patients in the intervention groups will perform the assigned breathing exercises after extubation, including sessions conducted 1 hour and 6 hours post-intervention during the early postoperative period.\n\nCardiopulmonary parameters, including oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, heart rate, and blood pressure parameters, will be monitored throughout hospitalization. Dyspnea and postoperative pulmonary complications, including atelectasis and pneumonia, will also be assessed.\n\nThe primary purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of breathing exercise interventions in improving postoperative respiratory outcomes and reducing pulmonary complications after cardiac surgery. The study also aims to support evidence-based postoperative rehabilitation practices for healthcare professionals caring for patients after open-heart surgery.",[44,50,55],{"label":45,"type":46,"description":47,"interventionNames":48},"Segmental Breathing Exercises","EXPERIMENTAL","Patients receive segmental breathing exercises after open heart surgery to improve lung expansion and cardiopulmonary function",[49],"Behavioral: Segmental Breathing Exercises",{"label":51,"type":46,"description":52,"interventionNames":53},"Active Cycle Breathing Technique","Patients receive active cycle breathing technique (ACBT) after open heart surgery to enhance airway clearance and improve respiratory function.",[54],"Behavioral: Active Cycle Breathing Technique",{"label":56,"type":57,"description":58,"interventionNames":59},"Standard Postoperative Care","ACTIVE_COMPARATOR","Patients receive routine postoperative care without structured breathing exercise interventions.",[60],"Other: Standard postoperative care",[62,66,69],{"type":63,"name":45,"description":64,"armGroupLabels":65,"otherNames":37},"BEHAVIORAL","Deep breathing exercises focusing on specific lung segments to improve ventilation, lung expansion, and oxygenation in post open heart surgery patients.",[45],{"type":63,"name":51,"description":67,"armGroupLabels":68,"otherNames":37},"A combination of breathing control, thoracic expansion exercises, and forced expiration technique to improve airway clearance and lung function.",[51],{"type":6,"name":70,"description":71,"armGroupLabels":72,"otherNames":37},"Standard postoperative care","Participants will receive routine postoperative care according to institutional protocols following cardiac surgery. This includes standard medical and nursing management such as oxygen therapy, pain control, monitoring of vital signs, and mobilization as tolerated, without additional structured respiratory physiotherapy interventions.",[56],[74],{"name":75,"affiliation":76,"role":77},"Wafaa Abd Ali Hattab, Assist prof","College of Nursing , University of Baghdad","PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR",[79,84],{"name":80,"role":81,"phone":82,"phoneExt":37,"email":83},"Muslim Aqeel Essa, Master Student","CONTACT","+9647822218483","muslim.eesa2402m@conursing.uobaghdad.edu.iq",{"name":85,"role":81,"phone":37,"phoneExt":37,"email":37},"Rusul Khalid Kadhim, Master Student",[87,104,111],{"facility":88,"status":89,"city":90,"state":91,"zip":92,"country":93,"countryCode":94,"cosmosGeoPoint":95,"geoPoint":100,"contacts":101},"Ibn Al-Bitar Specialized Hospital for Cardiac Surgery","RECRUITING","Baghdad","Baghdad Governorate","10001","Iraq","IQ",{"type":96,"coordinates":97},"Point",[98,99],44.40088,33.34058,{"lat":99,"lon":98},[102],{"name":103,"role":77,"phone":37,"phoneExt":37,"email":37},"Muslim Aqeel Essa, Master student",{"facility":105,"status":89,"city":90,"state":91,"zip":92,"country":93,"countryCode":94,"cosmosGeoPoint":106,"geoPoint":108,"contacts":109},"Iraqi Center for Heart Diseases",{"type":96,"coordinates":107},[98,99],{"lat":99,"lon":98},[110],{"name":103,"role":77,"phone":37,"phoneExt":37,"email":37},{"facility":112,"status":89,"city":113,"state":114,"zip":115,"country":93,"countryCode":94,"cosmosGeoPoint":116,"geoPoint":120,"contacts":121},"Al-Hassan Al-Mujtaba Hospital","Karbala","Kerbala Governorate","56001",{"type":96,"coordinates":117},[118,119],44.02488,32.61603,{"lat":119,"lon":118},[122],{"name":103,"role":77,"phone":37,"phoneExt":37,"email":37},{"type":77,"investigatorFullName":124,"investigatorTitle":125,"investigatorAffiliation":5,"oldNameTitle":37,"oldOrganization":37},"Muslim Aqeel Essa","Principal Investigator","100640437","effect-of-different-breathing-techniques-on-dyspnea-and-cardiopulmonary-parameters-among-patients-after-open-heart-surgery-100640437",false,"NCT07591987","Effect of Different Breathing Techniques on Dyspnea and Cardiopulmonary Parameters Among Patients After Open Heart Surgery","Effect of Segmental Breathing Versus Active Cycle Breathing Techniques on Dyspnea and Cardiopulmonary Parameters Among Patients After Open Heart Surgery: Randomized Controlled Trial.","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age 18-75 years.\n* Scheduled for elective open-heart surgery.\n* Can understand instructions and perform Segmental breathing and Active cycle breathing techniques.\n* Stable preoperative hemodynamic condition.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Emergency cardiac surgeries.\n* Patients with pre-existing severe pulmonary disease (e.g., COPD, asthma, restrictive lung disease, Atelectasis, and Tuberculosis).\n* Neurological disorders affecting breathing effort.\n* Patients with rib fractures, recent thoracic trauma, or contraindications for coughing maneuvers.\n* Inability to provide informed consent (cognitive impairment, language barrier).","ALL","18 Years","75 Years",{"count":137,"type":138},99,"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[141],"NA","Open heart surgery is often associated with postoperative pulmonary complications, reduced lung expansion, dyspnea, and impaired cardiopulmonary function. Breathing exercises are commonly used after surgery to improve lung ventilation, enhance oxygenation, and support respiratory recovery. However, limited evidence is available comparing the effectiveness of segmental breathing exercises and active cycle breathing technique (ACBT) in patients after open heart surgery.\n\nThis randomized controlled trial will compare the effects of segmental breathing exercises and ACBT on dyspnea and cardiopulmonary parameters in adults undergoing open heart surgery. Participants will be randomly assigned to either the segmental breathing exercise group, the ACBT group, or the standard care group during the postoperative period following extubation.\n\nCardiopulmonary parameters, including oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, heart rate, and blood pressure, as well as dyspnea severity and postoperative pulmonary complications, will be assessed before and after the interventions.\n\nThe findings of this study may help identify the most effective breathing exercise technique for improving respiratory outcomes, reducing postoperative pulmonary complications, and supporting evidence-based postoperative rehabilitation after cardiac surgery.",[144,145,146,147],"Dyspnea","Cardiopulmonary Dysfunction","Postoperative Respiratory Dysfunction","Coronary Artery Disease",[149,150,151,45,51,152,153,144,154],"Open Heart Surgery","Cardiac Surgery","Breathing Exercises","Postoperative Patients","Adult Patients","Cardiopulmonary Parameters","2026-05-14",{"date":157,"type":158},"2026-05-18","ACTUAL",{"date":160,"type":158},"2026-01-02",{"date":162,"type":138},"2026-10-10",{"name":5,"class":6},3]