[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-study-detail:100658987":3},{"organization":4,"outcomesModule":7,"designInfo":23,"detailedDescription":22,"studyPopulation":22,"armGroups":29,"interventions":44,"overallOfficials":22,"centralContacts":50,"locations":56,"responsibleParty":67,"collaborators":22,"id":70,"slug":71,"hasResults":72,"nctId":73,"briefTitle":74,"officialTitle":75,"acronym":22,"eligibilityCriteria":76,"healthyVolunteers":77,"sex":78,"minAge":79,"maxAge":80,"enrollmentInfo":81,"targetDuration":22,"studyType":84,"phases":85,"briefSummary":87,"conditions":88,"keywords":22,"overallStatus":96,"whyStopped":22,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":97,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":98,"startDateStruct":101,"completionDateStruct":103,"leadSponsor":105,"locationsCount":106},{"fullName":5,"class":6},"Chinese University of Hong Kong","OTHER",{"primaryOutcomes":8,"secondaryOutcomes":22,"otherOutcomes":22},[9,13,16,19],{"measure":10,"description":11,"timeFrame":12},"Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales-21 (DASS 21-Y)","Psychological well-being will be measured using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale, 21-item Form for Youth. The questionnaire is a self report scale suitable for youth aged 7 to 18 (Primary 3 to Secondary 6 in Hong Kong). It is designed to measure three kinds of emotional states, including depression, anxiety and stress. Each of them contains seven items, and responses are rated on a 4-point scale from 0 to 3. The scale contains 21 items, each indicating seven of them. Higher scores show greater levels of psychological distress.","Pre-intervention (week 0) and post-intervention (end of 6 months)",{"measure":14,"description":15,"timeFrame":12},"The Gratitude Questionnaire - Six Item Form (GQ-6)","The Gratitude Questionnaire is a six-item self-report measure of gratitude in one's daily life. The questionnaire is a self-report scale consisting of 6 items rated on a 7-point scale from 'strongly disagree' to 'strongly agree', with higher scores indicating a greater tendency toward gratitude. There are three components of the sense of gratitude: : recognising benefits received, responding with appreciation through gratitude expressions, and experiencing gratitude as an internal affective state.",{"measure":17,"description":18,"timeFrame":12},"The Children's Hope Scale (CHS)","Children's sense of hope will be measured using the Children's Hope Scale. The questionnaire is a self-report scale suitable for youth aged 8 to 16 (Primary 3 to Secondary 4 in Hong Kong). It is a 6-item form rated on a 6-point scale from 'None of the time' to 'All of the time', with higher scores indicating greater hope. There are two components of the sense of hope: agency and pathway. Agency is an individual's belief that can sustain efforts towards the goal, and the pathway reflects the belief that one generates suitable routes to the goal.",{"measure":20,"description":21,"timeFrame":12},"Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS)","The Spiritual Well-Being Scale is a 10-item self-report measure of spiritual well-being. The questionnaire is a self-report scale consisting of 10 items rated on a 5-point scale from 'strongly agree' to 'strongly disagree', with higher scores indicating less sense of spirituality. In this study, the participants come from Catholic schools, but not all the students are Catholic. Therefore, the word 'God' can be used instead of 'High Power' that the participants may believe in.",null,{"allocation":24,"interventionModel":25,"interventionModelDescription":22,"primaryPurpose":26,"observationalModel":22,"timePerspective":22,"maskingInfo":27},"NON_RANDOMIZED","PARALLEL","TREATMENT",{"masking":28,"maskingDescription":22,"whoMasked":22},"NONE",[30,36,40],{"label":31,"type":32,"description":33,"interventionNames":34},"Integrated into Religious Studies lessons","EXPERIMENTAL","Examen Meditation integrated into Religious Studies lessons. (10 minutes for each session, 8 sessions within a 6-month period)",[35],"Behavioral: Examen Meditation",{"label":37,"type":32,"description":38,"interventionNames":39},"Conducted during school assemblies","Examen Meditation conducted during school assemblies. (3 minutes for each session, 8 sessions within a 6-month period)",[35],{"label":41,"type":42,"description":43,"interventionNames":22},"Regular moral education","NO_INTERVENTION","Regular Moral Education without Examen Meditation. (Usual school programme without practising Examen Meditation)",[45],{"type":46,"name":47,"description":48,"armGroupLabels":49,"otherNames":22},"BEHAVIORAL","Examen Meditation","Examen Meditation, rooted in Ignatian spirituality, is increasingly promoted in some Catholic schools. It is used as a daily prayer or reflection practice at the end of the day, rooted in the Roman Catholic spiritual tradition. The Examen is traditionally composed of five steps (Light, Gratitude, Review the Day, Face my Weaknesses, and Look Toward Tomorrow) and requires approximately 10 minutes to complete.\n\nIn Hong Kong, there are limited schools that use Examen Meditation as their common practice. The present study aims to address this distinction by examining the effects of an Ignatian Examen Meditation implemented in Catholic primary schools on Hong Kong students' psychological well-being, sense of gratitude and hope, and spirituality. Moreover, it investigates differences in implementation formats across various delivery formats using a mixed-methods design, with an active comparison condition. It also explores how both the teachers and students experience the Examen Meditation.",[37,31],[51],{"name":52,"role":53,"phone":54,"phoneExt":22,"email":55},"Jennifer Yee Man Tang","CONTACT","+852 39436904","jymtang@cuhk.edu.hk",[57],{"facility":58,"status":22,"city":59,"state":22,"zip":22,"country":59,"countryCode":60,"cosmosGeoPoint":61,"geoPoint":66,"contacts":22},"The Chinese University of Hong Kong","Hong Kong","HK",{"type":62,"coordinates":63},"Point",[64,65],114.17469,22.27832,{"lat":65,"lon":64},{"type":68,"investigatorFullName":52,"investigatorTitle":69,"investigatorAffiliation":5,"oldNameTitle":22,"oldOrganization":22},"PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR","Assistant Professor","100658987","effects-of-school-based-ignatian-examen-meditation-on-well-being-gratitude-hope-and-spirituality-in-hong-kong-catholic-primary-school-students-100658987",false,"NCT07857980","Effects of School-Based Ignatian Examen Meditation on Well-Being, Gratitude, Hope, and Spirituality in Hong Kong Catholic Primary School Students","The Effects of Ignatian Examen Meditation Implemented in Different School-Based Formats on Psychological Well-Being, Gratitude, Hope, and Spirituality of Hong Kong Catholic Primary School Students","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Students aged 9-12 years.\n* Students studying in participating Catholic schools.\n* Students enrolled in Primary 4 to Primary 6.\n* Written parental consent obtained.\n* Student assent obtained.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Students younger than 9 or older than 12.\n* Students without parental consent.\n* Students unwilling to participate.",true,"ALL","9 Years","12 Years",{"count":82,"type":83},360,"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[86],"NA","This study aims to investigate the effects of Ignatian Examen Meditation on students' psychological well-being, gratitude, hope, and spirituality. Specifically, it examines whether participation in Examen Meditation improves emotional well-being by reducing stress, anxiety, and depression, enhancing students' sense of gratitude and hope, and strengthening spiritual development. The study also explores the lived experiences of students and teachers who participate in the programme.\n\nRegarding significance, this study addresses the lack of empirical studies examining Examen Meditation in Asian educational settings. The findings will provide evidence regarding the effectiveness of a Catholic contemplative practice in supporting students' mental health and spiritual formation. It may contribute to the development of school-based well-being programmes in Catholic schools by demonstrating the potential benefits of Examen Meditation for psychological well-being, the sense of gratitude and hope and spiritual growth.",[89,90,91,92,93,94,95],"Psychological Well-being","Gratitude","Hope","Spirituality","Stress","Anxiety","Depression","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2026-09-29",{"date":99,"type":100},"2026-10-05","ACTUAL",{"date":102,"type":83},"2026-10-01",{"date":104,"type":83},"2027-08-01",{"name":5,"class":6},1]