[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-study-detail:100659467":3},{"organization":4,"outcomesModule":7,"designInfo":57,"detailedDescription":63,"studyPopulation":56,"armGroups":64,"interventions":77,"overallOfficials":87,"centralContacts":91,"locations":97,"responsibleParty":110,"collaborators":56,"id":114,"slug":115,"hasResults":116,"nctId":117,"briefTitle":118,"officialTitle":119,"acronym":56,"eligibilityCriteria":120,"healthyVolunteers":116,"sex":121,"minAge":122,"maxAge":123,"enrollmentInfo":124,"targetDuration":56,"studyType":127,"phases":128,"briefSummary":130,"conditions":131,"keywords":135,"overallStatus":138,"whyStopped":56,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":139,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":140,"startDateStruct":143,"completionDateStruct":145,"leadSponsor":147,"locationsCount":148},{"fullName":5,"class":6},"Izmir Katip Celebi University","OTHER",{"primaryOutcomes":8,"secondaryOutcomes":13,"otherOutcomes":56},[9],{"measure":10,"description":11,"timeFrame":12},"Pain intensity","Visual Analog Scale (VAS)","At baseline and after the 8-week intervention",[14,17,20,23,26,29,32,35,38,41,44,47,50,53],{"measure":15,"description":16,"timeFrame":12},"Central sensitization","Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI)",{"measure":18,"description":19,"timeFrame":12},"Pressure pain threshold","Pressure algometer",{"measure":21,"description":22,"timeFrame":12},"Conditioned pain modulation","Conditioned pain modulation will be assessed using pressure pain thresholds before and after ischemic conditioning with an upper-arm cuff.",{"measure":24,"description":25,"timeFrame":12},"Temporal summation","Temporal summation will be assessed using repeated pressure stimuli delivered with a pressure algometer. Pain intensity after the first and tenth stimuli will be recorded using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS).",{"measure":27,"description":28,"timeFrame":12},"Pain neuroscience knowledge","Revised Neurophysiology of Pain Questionnaire (RNPQ)",{"measure":30,"description":31,"timeFrame":12},"Kinesiophobia","Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK)",{"measure":33,"description":34,"timeFrame":12},"Pain catastrophizing","Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS)",{"measure":36,"description":37,"timeFrame":12},"Body awareness","Fremantle Back Awareness Questionnaire (FreBAQ)",{"measure":39,"description":40,"timeFrame":12},"Disability","Oswestry Disability Index (ODI)",{"measure":42,"description":43,"timeFrame":12},"Performance-based physical function","30-Second Sit-to-Stand Test (30 s- STS)",{"measure":45,"description":46,"timeFrame":12},"Spinal structure and mobility","Hocoma-Valedo®Shape",{"measure":48,"description":49,"timeFrame":12},"Trunk muscle endurance","McGill trunk endurance test",{"measure":51,"description":52,"timeFrame":12},"Balance","ProKin 252 (Tecnobody)",{"measure":54,"description":55,"timeFrame":12},"Sleep quality","Single-Item Sleep Quality Scale",null,{"allocation":58,"interventionModel":59,"interventionModelDescription":56,"primaryPurpose":60,"observationalModel":56,"timePerspective":56,"maskingInfo":61},"RANDOMIZED","PARALLEL","TREATMENT",{"masking":62,"maskingDescription":56,"whoMasked":56},"NONE","Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a common musculoskeletal condition that can lead to persistent pain, poor functional and psychosocial outcomes. Central sensitization (CS) is present in a subgroup of individuals with CLBP and may contribute to poorer outcomes and greater clinical complexity.\n\nPain neuroscience education (PNE) aims to improve individuals' understanding of pain mechanisms and modify maladaptive pain-related beliefs. Neuromuscular exercises (NME) aim to improve motor control, muscle function, balance, coordination, and physical function.\n\nThis study will investigate the effectiveness of pain neuroscience education (PNE) combined with neuromuscular exercises (NME) in individuals with chronic low back pain and central sensitization and compare the effects of this combined intervention with NME alone.\n\nAfter eligibility is confirmed and written informed consent is obtained, participants will be randomly assigned to either the NME group or the PNE+NME group. Both groups will participate in an 8-week exercise program with two sessions per week. The PNE+NME group will receive PNE in addition to NME.\n\nAt baseline, sociodemographic characteristics, including age, sex, height, weight, body mass index, occupation, medical history, and family history, and health-related habits, including smoking, alcohol consumption, and exercise habits, will be recorded.\n\nThe following outcomes will be assessed at baseline and after the 8-week intervention: central sensitization using the Central Sensitization Inventory; pain intensity using the Visual Analog Scale; pressure pain threshold using a pressure algometer; conditioned pain modulation; temporal summation; pain neuroscience knowledge using the Pain Neurophysiology Questionnaire; kinesiophobia using the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia; pain catastrophizing using the Pain Catastrophizing Scale; patient-reported physical function using the Oswestry Disability Index; performance-based physical function using the 30-Second Sit-to-Stand Test; body awareness using the Fremantle Back Awareness Questionnaire; spinal structure and mobility using the Hocoma-Valedo®Shape; trunk muscle endurance using the McGill protocol; balance using the ProKin 252 (Tecnobody); and sleep quality using the Single-Item Sleep Quality Scale.",[65,72],{"label":66,"type":67,"description":68,"interventionNames":69},"PNE+NME","EXPERIMENTAL","Participants will receive pain neuroscience education (PNE) and neuromuscular exercise (NME).",[70,71],"Behavioral: Pain Neuroscience Education","Behavioral: Neuromuscular Exercise",{"label":73,"type":74,"description":75,"interventionNames":76},"NME","ACTIVE_COMPARATOR","Participants will receive neuromuscular exercise (NME).",[71],[78,83],{"type":79,"name":80,"description":81,"armGroupLabels":82,"otherNames":56},"BEHAVIORAL","Pain Neuroscience Education","Participants will receive pain neuroscience education (PNE) and neuromuscular exercise (NME) twice weekly for 8 weeks. Each session will last approximately 30-40 minutes.",[66],{"type":79,"name":84,"description":85,"armGroupLabels":86,"otherNames":56},"Neuromuscular Exercise","Participants will receive neuromuscular exercise (NME) twice weekly for 8 weeks. Each session will last approximately 30-40 minutes.",[73,66],[88],{"name":89,"affiliation":5,"role":90},"Derya Ozer Kaya, PhD, Prof.","STUDY_DIRECTOR",[92],{"name":93,"role":94,"phone":95,"phoneExt":56,"email":96},"Sevinc Akdeniz, MSc","CONTACT","+90 535 077 53 46","sevinc.akdeniiz@gmail.com",[98],{"facility":5,"status":56,"city":99,"state":56,"zip":56,"country":100,"countryCode":56,"cosmosGeoPoint":101,"geoPoint":106,"contacts":107},"Izmir","Turkey (Türkiye)",{"type":102,"coordinates":103},"Point",[104,105],27.13838,38.41273,{"lat":105,"lon":104},[108],{"name":109,"role":94,"phone":95,"phoneExt":56,"email":96},"Sevinç Akdeniz",{"type":111,"investigatorFullName":112,"investigatorTitle":113,"investigatorAffiliation":5,"oldNameTitle":56,"oldOrganization":56},"PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR","Sevinc Akdeniz","PT, MSc","100659467","pain-neuroscience-education-and-neuromuscular-exercise-in-individuals-with-chronic-low-back-pain-and-central-sensitization-100659467",false,"NCT07866690","Pain Neuroscience Education and Neuromuscular Exercise in Individuals With Chronic Low Back Pain and Central Sensitization","Effectiveness of Pain Neuroscience Education and Neuromuscular Exercises in Individuals With Chronic Low Back Pain and Central Sensitization: A Randomized Controlled Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age 18-60 years\n* Low back pain lasting for at least 3 months\n* Low back pain as the primary complaint\n* Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI) score ≥28\n* Ability to read and write in Turkish\n* Willingness to participate in the study\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* History of spinal surgery\n* Presence of serious comorbidities (neurological, neuromuscular, cardiovascular, psychiatric conditions)\n* Presence of tumoral conditions\n* Presence of vestibular system disorders\n* Pregnancy\n* Having received physiotherapy within the previous 6 months","ALL","18 Years","60 Years",{"count":125,"type":126},66,"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[129],"NA","The goal of this randomized controlled study is to evaluate the effectiveness of pain neuroscience education (PNE) combined with neuromuscular exercises (NME) in individuals with chronic low back pain and central sensitization, and to compare the effects of this combined intervention with NME alone.\n\nThe main questions it aims to answer are:\n\n* Does PNE combined with NME (PNE+NME) affect pain and functional outcomes in individuals with chronic low back pain and central sensitization?\n* Does NME alone affect pain and functional outcomes in individuals with chronic low back pain and central sensitization?\n* Does adding PNE to NME affect pain and functional outcomes compared with NME alone?\n\nResearchers will evaluate changes in pain and functional outcomes from baseline to post-intervention in both the PNE+NME and NME groups. Changes in outcomes will then be compared between the two groups to determine whether adding PNE to NME affects pain and functional outcomes compared with NME alone.\n\nParticipants will:\n\n* Be randomly assigned to either the PNE+NME group or the NME group.\n* Participate in the assigned intervention for 8 weeks, with 2 sessions per week.\n* Complete outcome assessments at baseline and after the 8-week intervention.",[132,133,134],"Low Back Pain","Chronic Low Back Pain","Central Sensitization",[136,137],"pain neuroscience education","neuromuscular exercise","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2026-10-04",{"date":141,"type":142},"2026-10-08","ACTUAL",{"date":144,"type":126},"2026-10",{"date":146,"type":126},"2027-04",{"name":5,"class":6},1]