[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-study-detail:100659230":3},{"organization":4,"outcomesModule":7,"designInfo":61,"detailedDescription":67,"studyPopulation":64,"armGroups":68,"interventions":79,"overallOfficials":88,"centralContacts":92,"locations":101,"responsibleParty":118,"collaborators":64,"id":121,"slug":122,"hasResults":123,"nctId":124,"briefTitle":125,"officialTitle":125,"acronym":64,"eligibilityCriteria":126,"healthyVolunteers":127,"sex":128,"minAge":129,"maxAge":130,"enrollmentInfo":131,"targetDuration":64,"studyType":134,"phases":135,"briefSummary":137,"conditions":138,"keywords":141,"overallStatus":147,"whyStopped":64,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":148,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":149,"startDateStruct":152,"completionDateStruct":154,"leadSponsor":156,"locationsCount":157},{"fullName":5,"class":6},"Penn State University","OTHER",{"primaryOutcomes":8,"secondaryOutcomes":17,"otherOutcomes":48},[9,13],{"measure":10,"description":11,"timeFrame":12},"Health Eating Index score","Healthy Eating Index will be calculated from 24-hour recalls completed using the NIH ASA-24 system. The effect of the intervention will be determined as the difference of baseline-post change for the walnut intervention period and the baseline-post change for the habitual snack control period.","Baseline and end of 4 week study period for both the walnut intervention and the habitual snack control period (4 time points total)",{"measure":14,"description":15,"timeFrame":16},"Sleep maintenance efficiency","Sleep maintenance efficiency is a metric of sleep quality that is defined as the percentage of the overnight sleep interval that is spent actually asleep. Sleep maintenance efficiency will be measured using wrist actigraphy over 2-week periods at baseline and post-intervention for both the walnut intervention period and habitual snack control period. The effect of the intervention will be defined as the difference of baseline-post change for the walnut intervention period and the baseline-post change for the habitual snack control period.","Two-week measurement bursts immediately prior to and end at the end of 4-week study period for both the walnut intervention and the habitual snack control period (4 time points\u002F8 weeks total)",[18,21,24,27,30,33,36,39,42,45],{"measure":19,"description":20,"timeFrame":12},"Healthy Eating Index - Seafood & Plant Protein component score","Healthy Eating Index (HEI) Seafood \\& Plant Protein component score will be calculated from 24-hour recalls completed using the NIH ASA-24 system. The effect of the intervention will be determined as the difference of baseline-post change for the walnut intervention period and the baseline-post change for the habitual snack control period.",{"measure":22,"description":23,"timeFrame":12},"Healthy Eating Index - Fatty Acid component score","Healthy Eating Index (HEI) Fatty Acid will be calculated from 24-hour recalls completed using the NIH ASA-24 system. The effect of the intervention will be determined as the difference of baseline-post change for the walnut intervention period and the baseline-post change for the habitual snack control period.",{"measure":25,"description":26,"timeFrame":12},"Healthy Eating Index - Sodium component score","Healthy Eating Index - Sodium component score will be calculated from 24-hour recalls completed using the NIH ASA-24 system. The effect of the intervention will be determined as the difference of baseline-post change for the walnut intervention period and the baseline-post change for the habitual snack control period",{"measure":28,"description":29,"timeFrame":12},"Healthy Eating Index - Refined Grains component score","Healthy Eating Index - Refined Grains component score will be calculated from 24-hour recalls completed using the NIH ASA-24 system. The effect of the intervention will be determined as the difference of baseline-post change for the walnut intervention period and the baseline-post change for the habitual snack control period",{"measure":31,"description":32,"timeFrame":12},"Healthy Eating Index - Added Sugar component score","Healthy Eating Index - Added sugar component score will be calculated from 24-hour recalls completed using the NIH ASA-24 system. The effect of the intervention will be determined as the difference of baseline-post change for the walnut intervention period and the baseline-post change for the habitual snack control period",{"measure":34,"description":35,"timeFrame":12},"Dietary intake of alpha-linolenic acid","Dietary intake of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) will be calculated from 24-hour recalls completed using the NIH ASA-24 system. The effect of the intervention will be determined as the difference of baseline-post change for the walnut intervention period and the baseline-post change for the habitual snack control period.",{"measure":37,"description":38,"timeFrame":12},"Dietary intake of magnesium","Dietary intake of magnesium will be calculated from 24-hour recalls completed using the NIH ASA-24 system. The effect of the intervention will be determined as the difference of baseline-post change for the walnut intervention period and the baseline-post change for the habitual snack control period.",{"measure":40,"description":41,"timeFrame":12},"Dietary intake of fiber","Dietary intake of fiber will be calculated from 24-hour recalls completed using the NIH ASA-24 system. The effect of the intervention will be determined as the difference of baseline-post change for the walnut intervention period and the baseline-post change for the habitual snack control period.",{"measure":43,"description":44,"timeFrame":16},"Sleep duration","Sleep duration (hours\u002Fday) will be measured using wrist actigraphy over 2-week periods at baseline and post-intervention for both the walnut intervention period and habitual snack control period. The effect of the intervention will be defined as the difference of baseline-post change for the walnut intervention period and the baseline-post change for the habitual snack control period.",{"measure":46,"description":47,"timeFrame":16},"Daytime sleepiness","Participants will rate their level of daytime sleepiness as part of a diary survey completed each evening during 2-week periods at baseline and post-intervention for both the walnut intervention period and habitual snack control period. The effect of the intervention will be defined as the difference of baseline-post change for the walnut intervention and the baseline-post change for the habitual snack control period.",[49,52,55,58],{"measure":50,"description":51,"timeFrame":16},"Sleep timing","Sleep onset, midpoint, and offset will be measured using wrist actigraphy over 2-week periods at baseline and post-intervention for both the walnut intervention period and habitual snack control period. The effect of the intervention will be defined as the difference of baseline-post change for the walnut intervention period and the baseline-post change for the habitual snack control period.",{"measure":53,"description":54,"timeFrame":16},"Variability of sleep maintenance efficiency","Individual standard deviation of nightly sleep maintenance efficiency during each 2-week measurement burst. This is a metric of within-individual variability of sleep quality. The effect of the intervention will be defined as the difference of baseline-post change for the walnut intervention period and the baseline-post change for the habitual snack control period.",{"measure":56,"description":57,"timeFrame":16},"Variability of sleep duration","Individual standard deviation of nightly sleep duration during each 2-week measurement burst. This is a metric of within-individual variability of sleep duration. The effect of the intervention will be defined as the difference of baseline-post change for the walnut intervention period and the baseline-post change for the habitual snack control period.",{"measure":59,"description":60,"timeFrame":16},"Variability of sleep timing","Individual standard deviation of sleep onset, midpoint, and offset during each 2-week measurement burst. This is a metric of within-individual variability of sleep timing. The effect of the intervention will be defined as the difference of baseline-post change for the walnut intervention period and the baseline-post change for the habitual snack control period.",{"allocation":62,"interventionModel":63,"interventionModelDescription":64,"primaryPurpose":6,"observationalModel":64,"timePerspective":64,"maskingInfo":65},"RANDOMIZED","CROSSOVER",null,{"masking":66,"maskingDescription":64,"whoMasked":64},"NONE","The goal of this study is to test the effects of an evening snack of 1 oz walnuts for four weeks, compared to habitual snacking behavior, on adolescent diet quality and sleep quality. Adolescents (age 13-17 years) will be assigned to complete the walnut intervention and habitual snack condition in a randomized, counterbalanced order, separated by a 4-week washout. Dietary quality will be measured using 24-hour recalls and the Healthy Eating Index, and sleep quality will be measured using actigraphy and daily survey reports of subjective sleep quality and daytime sleepiness. We hypothesize that during the walnut snacking condition, adolescents will have higher HEI scores and intakes of walnut-related nutrients, and higher sleep maintenance efficiency and subjective sleep quality, compared to during the habitual snack condition.",[69,75],{"label":70,"type":6,"description":71,"interventionNames":72},"Walnut then Control","Participants will complete the walnut intervention first and the control period second",[73,74],"Other: Walnuts","Other: Control (usual diet)",{"label":76,"type":6,"description":77,"interventionNames":78},"Control then Walnut","Participants will complete the control period first and the walnut period second",[73,74],[80,84],{"type":6,"name":81,"description":82,"armGroupLabels":83,"otherNames":64},"Walnuts","Participants will replace their usual evening snack(s) with 1 oz of walnuts each evening for 4 weeks.",[76,70],{"type":6,"name":85,"description":86,"armGroupLabels":87,"otherNames":64},"Control (usual diet)","Participants will maintain their usual snacking behavior\u002Fdiet",[76,70],[89],{"name":90,"affiliation":5,"role":91},"Emily E Hohman, PhD","PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR",[93,97],{"name":90,"role":94,"phone":95,"phoneExt":64,"email":96},"CONTACT","814-865-5245","eeh12@psu.edu",{"name":98,"role":94,"phone":99,"phoneExt":64,"email":100},"Lindsey B. Hess, MPH","814-865-5246","lbb135@psu.edu",[102],{"facility":5,"status":64,"city":103,"state":104,"zip":105,"country":106,"countryCode":107,"cosmosGeoPoint":108,"geoPoint":113,"contacts":114},"University Park","Pennsylvania","16802","United States","US",{"type":109,"coordinates":110},"Point",[111,112],-77.85639,40.80201,{"lat":112,"lon":111},[115,116],{"name":90,"role":94,"phone":95,"phoneExt":64,"email":96},{"name":117,"role":94,"phone":95,"phoneExt":64,"email":100},"Lindsey B Hess, MPH",{"type":91,"investigatorFullName":119,"investigatorTitle":120,"investigatorAffiliation":5,"oldNameTitle":64,"oldOrganization":64},"Emily Hohman","Associate Research Professor","100659230","the-effects-of-an-evening-snack-of-walnuts-on-diet-and-sleep-quality-in-adolescents-100659230",false,"NCT07862556","The Effects of an Evening Snack of Walnuts on Diet and Sleep Quality in Adolescents","Adolescent Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age 13 to 17 years\n* Enrolled in school (secondary education) that has defined start and end times (i.e., traditional in-person school or home\u002Fvirtual school with a consistent schedule)\n* Consumes snacks in the evening (between dinner and sleep) on most nights\n* Able to read and answer questions in English\n\nAdolescent Exclusion Criteria:\n\n* Sleep disorder (e.g., insomnia, sleep disordered breathing, narcolepsy)\n* Developmental disorder (e.g., autism, intellectual disability, developmental delay)\n* Diabetes\n* Any other medical condition impacting sleep or diet\n* Taking supplements or medications that affect sleep or eating behavior, including melatonin supplements\n* Current allergy or history of allergy to tree nuts or peanuts (any severity)\n* Other current severe food allergies\n* Unwilling to consume walnuts daily\n* Already consumes tree nuts 1 or more times per week\n* Parent\u002Fguardian not willing to participate\n\nParent Inclusion Criteria\n\n* Parent\u002Fguardian of a participating adolescent\n* Age 18 years or older\n* Able to read and answer questions in English\n\nThere are no additional exclusion criteria for parents",true,"ALL","13 Years","17 Years",{"count":132,"type":133},80,"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[136],"NA","The goal of this study is to examine whether an evening snack of 1 oz of walnuts consumed in place of usual evening snacks for 4 weeks has a beneficial effect on diet quality and sleep quality in adolescents age 13-17 years.",[139,140],"Diet Quality","Sleep",[142,143,144,145,146],"walnuts","sleep","diet quality","adolescents","snacking","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2026-10-01",{"date":150,"type":151},"2026-10-07","ACTUAL",{"date":153,"type":133},"2027-01",{"date":155,"type":133},"2028-05",{"name":5,"class":6},1]