[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-studies-list:{\"overallStatus\":[\"RECRUITING\",\"AVAILABLE\",\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\"],\"leadSponsorName\":\"Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa\",\"orderBy\":\"LastUpdateSubmitDate:desc\",\"size\":25,\"offset\":0}":3,"health-study-condition:":702},{"pageToken":4,"total":5,"offset":6,"count":7,"results":8},null,159,0,25,[9,50,82,109,136,164,195,220,255,279,304,329,354,384,415,440,469,496,520,544,572,598,625,648,674],{"id":10,"slug":11,"hasResults":12,"nctId":13,"briefTitle":14,"officialTitle":15,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":16,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":19,"enrollmentInfo":20,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":24,"briefSummary":26,"conditions":27,"keywords":30,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":38,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":39,"startDateStruct":42,"completionDateStruct":44,"leadSponsor":46,"locationsCount":49},"100652563","the-effect-of-postural-bofeedback-on-dsease-actvty-and-pan-n-indvduals-wth-axal-spondyloarthrts-100652563",false,"NCT07776652","Postural Biofeedback and Exercise in Axial Spondyloarthritis","The Effect of Postural Biofeedback on Disease Activity and Pain in Individuals With Axial Spondyloarthritis","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Be between 18 and 65 years of age.\n* Have a diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis or axial spondyloarthritis according to the modified New York or ASAS classification criteria.\n* Have had stable medical treatment with no changes in medication during the previous 3 months.\n* Have axial\u002Fspinal pain intensity of at least 4 out of 10 on the Numeric Pain Rating Scale during the previous week.\n* Be able to walk independently.\n* Voluntarily agree to participate in the study and provide written informed consent.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* History of spinal surgery within the previous 6 months.\n* Any change in medical treatment, including biological agents or analgesic treatment, within the previous 3 months.\n* Presence of fibromyalgia or another secondary chronic pain syndrome that may substantially affect pain perception.\n* Serious cardiopulmonary, neurological, or orthopedic conditions that prevent participation in exercise.\n* Pregnancy.\n* Dermatological or allergic skin reactions or other skin conditions that prevent the use of the wearable device.\n* Regular participation in a structured exercise or rehabilitation program supervised by a physiotherapist for axial spondyloarthritis within the previous 3 months.","ALL","18 Years","65 Years",{"count":21,"type":22},38,"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[25],"NA","The goal of this clinical trial is to learn whether adding a wearable postural biofeedback device to a standard exercise program affects disease activity, pain, and functional parameters in individuals with axial spondyloarthritis. The main questions it aims to answer are:\n\nDoes adding postural biofeedback to a standard exercise program improve disease activity? Does adding postural biofeedback to a standard exercise program reduce pain? Does adding postural biofeedback improve functional parameters, including spinal mobility, quality of life, posture, and functional exercise capacity?\n\nResearchers will compare a standard exercise program with the same exercise program combined with a wearable postural biofeedback device to determine whether the addition of postural biofeedback provides greater benefits.\n\nParticipants will:\n\nParticipate in a physiotherapist-supervised standard exercise program twice a week for 8 weeks Use the wearable postural biofeedback device three days per week for at least 3 hours per day during prolonged static posture activities if assigned to the intervention group Complete assessments before and after the 8-week intervention, including measures of disease activity, pain, physical function, spinal mobility, quality of life, posture, and functional exercise capacity",[28,29],"Axial Spondyloarthritis (AxSpA)","Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS)",[31,32,33,34,35,36],"Axial Spondyloarthritis","Biofeedback","Postural Biofeedback","Exercise Therapy","Posture","Disease Activity","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2026-08-19",{"date":40,"type":41},"2026-08-21","ACTUAL",{"date":43,"type":22},"2026-10-01",{"date":45,"type":22},"2027-06-30",{"name":47,"class":48},"Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa","OTHER",1,{"id":51,"slug":52,"hasResults":12,"nctId":53,"briefTitle":54,"officialTitle":55,"acronym":56,"eligibilityCriteria":57,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":58,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":60,"phases":4,"briefSummary":61,"conditions":62,"keywords":65,"overallStatus":74,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":75,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":76,"startDateStruct":77,"completionDateStruct":79,"leadSponsor":81,"locationsCount":49},"100652357","discordance-between-capillary-refill-time-and-oxygen-extraction-ratio-in-septic-shock-100652357","NCT07774962","Discordance Between Capillary Refill Time and Oxygen Extraction Ratio in Septic Shock","Discordance Between Capillary Refill Time and Oxygen Extraction Ratio in Septic Shock: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study Evaluating Its Prevalence and Prognostic Value","DISCO-SHOCK","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age ≥ 18 years\n* Diagnosis of septic shock according to the Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC) 2026 guideline\n* Presence of both a central venous catheter and an arterial line\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Active bleeding\n* Ongoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)\n* Raynaud phenomenon or significant peripheral vascular disease that makes capillary refill time measurement unreliable (e.g., critical ischemia, amputation, digital ulcer\u002Fnecrosis, or inability to measure on the right index finger)\n* Death within the first 6 hours\n* Inability to obtain hour-6 CRT or blood gas (phenotyping not possible)",{"count":59,"type":22},100,"OBSERVATIONAL","In septic shock, restoring large-vessel (macrocirculatory) perfusion-reflected by a normal capillary refill time (CRT)-does not always mean that oxygen use at the tissue level has recovered. This mismatch, sometimes called loss of hemodynamic coherence, may be detectable by comparing CRT with the oxygen extraction ratio (O₂ER), a marker of how much oxygen the tissues are extracting from the blood. Patients whose CRT has normalized but whose O₂ER remains abnormal-either too high (suggesting oxygen delivery that is insufficient for demand) or too low (suggesting microcirculatory shunting)-are considered to have a \"discordant\" perfusion phenotype.\n\nThis prospective, single-center, observational cohort study aims to determine how often this CRT-O₂ER discordance occurs at the 6th hour of resuscitation in adult patients with septic shock, and whether it is associated with 28-day mortality. Approximately 100 consecutive adult patients diagnosed with septic shock (with pre-existing central venous and arterial catheters) will be followed. Clinical and laboratory measurements-including CRT, O₂ER, lactate, mottling score, and organ dysfunction scores-will be recorded at hours 0, 6, 12, and 24, with the main phenotype grouping performed at hour 6. The study is purely observational: CRT is a painless, non-invasive bedside measurement, and O₂ER is calculated from blood gas samples already drawn as part of routine care, so no additional interventions or blood draws are performed for research purposes.",[63,64],"Septic Shock","Sepsis",[66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73],"Capillary Refill Time","Oxygen Extraction Ratio","Tissue Perfusion","ScvO2","Microcirculation","Hemodynamic Coherence","Lactate","Observational Cohort Study","RECRUITING","2026-08-15",{"date":38,"type":41},{"date":78,"type":22},"2026-08-17",{"date":80,"type":22},"2027-07-17",{"name":47,"class":48},{"id":83,"slug":84,"hasResults":12,"nctId":85,"briefTitle":86,"officialTitle":86,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":87,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":19,"enrollmentInfo":88,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":90,"briefSummary":91,"conditions":92,"keywords":94,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":101,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":102,"startDateStruct":104,"completionDateStruct":106,"leadSponsor":108,"locationsCount":49},"100652236","effects-of-face-to-face-versus-telerehabilitation-based-circuit-training-in-people-with-multiple-sclerosis-100652236","NCT07770620","Effects of Face-to-Face Versus Telerehabilitation-Based Circuit Training in People With Multiple Sclerosis","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis Age between 18 and 65 years Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score between 2.0 and 5.5 Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score greater than 24 No relapse within the past 3 months Ability to walk at least 100 meters with or without an assistive device Willingness to participate in the study and provision of written informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Botulinum toxin treatment for spasticity or a surgical procedure within the past 6 months Participation in a regular physiotherapy or rehabilitation program within the past 3 months Presence of a secondary neurological, orthopedic, or systemic disease that prevents independent standing and walking Presence of severe peripheral vestibular dysfunction Presence of a medical condition that may prevent participation in exercise Failure to provide written informed consent",{"count":89,"type":22},36,[25],"This randomized controlled study was planned to compare the effects of delivering the same exercise content face-to-face and through telerehabilitation in individuals diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. All participants will receive circuit training for 8 weeks. The program will consist of two sessions per week, each lasting approximately 60 minutes. Assessments will be performed before and after treatment. Participants will be divided into two groups according to the mode of delivery: face-to-face and telerehabilitation. Telerehabilitation sessions will be conducted synchronously (via live connection) twice a week.\n\nThe study population will consist of adults aged 18-65 years with a diagnosis of MS who attend Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa Hospital. Individuals who meet the eligibility criteria will be included in the study on a voluntary basis after being informed about the study. Participants will be allocated to the groups using stratified randomization based on EDSS scores.\n\nThe circuit training program will consist of endurance-, resistance-, and balance-focused exercise components. The effects of the interventions will be evaluated in terms of walking endurance and speed, functional mobility, dynamic balance, lower-extremity functional muscle strength, perceived walking ability, fatigue, quality of life, and the physical and psychological impact of MS. All assessments will be performed before the intervention and at the end of the 8-week program.",[93],"Multiple Sclerosis",[95,96,97,98,99,100],"multiple sclerosis","circuit training","telerehabilitation","rehabilitation","technology","Physiotherapy","2026-08-14",{"date":103,"type":41},"2026-08-18",{"date":105,"type":22},"2026-09-14",{"date":107,"type":22},"2027-02-15",{"name":47,"class":48},{"id":110,"slug":111,"hasResults":12,"nctId":112,"briefTitle":113,"officialTitle":113,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":114,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":115,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":117,"briefSummary":118,"conditions":119,"keywords":123,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":130,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":131,"startDateStruct":132,"completionDateStruct":133,"leadSponsor":135,"locationsCount":4},"100650912","development-and-evaluation-of-the-effectiveness-of-the-smart-hand-protocol-for-hand-rehabilitation-in-patients-with-rheumatoid-arthritis-100650912","NCT07754552","Development and Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the SMART-HAND Protocol for Hand Rehabilitation in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Participants will be 18 years of age or older.\n* Participants will have a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis for at least five years.\n* Participants will be referred by a rheumatologist.\n* Participants will have been on a stable medication regimen for the past three months.\n* Participants will have no history of diabetes mellitus.\n* Participants will have no other conditions affecting sensory function.\n* Participants will provide informed consent to participate in the study.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Individuals who have undergone hand surgery within the past six months.\n* Individuals with a history of upper extremity fracture within the past six months.\n* Individuals with other musculoskeletal pain conditions involving the muscles and\u002For joints.\n* Individuals diagnosed with a neurological disease that may affect sensory or motor function.\n* Individuals who are unable to fully cooperate with the assessment procedures.\n* Individuals who have received corticosteroid treatment within the past month.\n* Individuals diagnosed with another rheumatic disease.\n* Pregnant women.\n* Individuals who are illiterate.\n\nWithdrawal\u002FDiscontinuation Criteria\n\n* Participants who miss more than 10% of the intervention sessions will be excluded from the study.\n* Participants who change their medication dosage or medication class during the study period will be excluded from the study.\n* Participants will have the right to withdraw from the study at any time and for any reason.",{"count":116,"type":22},132,[25],"Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) frequently affects the hand and wrist, resulting in pain, reduced joint stability, impaired proprioception, muscle weakness, and limitations in daily activities. Although conventional rehabilitation primarily focuses on range of motion and strengthening exercises, sensorimotor impairments such as proprioceptive deficits are often underaddressed. The SMART-HAND (Sensory, Massage, Approximation, ROM, Training = Strengthening + Perturbation) protocol was developed as a structured, mechanism-based rehabilitation program to improve proprioception, joint stability, motor control, and hand function. This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the SMART-HAND protocol in individuals with RA by comparing its effects on hand function, proprioception, pain, dexterity, muscle strength, and functional performance with conventional rehabilitation and a control group.",[120,121,122],"Rheumatoid Arthritis","Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA","Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Prevention",[120,124,125,126,127,128,129],"Hand Rehabilitation","Hand Function","Proprioception","Neuromuscular Control","Grip Strength","Joint Stability","2026-08-13",{"date":101,"type":41},{"date":43,"type":22},{"date":134,"type":22},"2027-12-30",{"name":47,"class":48},{"id":137,"slug":138,"hasResults":12,"nctId":139,"briefTitle":140,"officialTitle":141,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":142,"healthyVolunteers":143,"sex":144,"minAge":18,"maxAge":19,"enrollmentInfo":145,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":147,"briefSummary":148,"conditions":149,"keywords":152,"overallStatus":74,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":157,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":158,"startDateStruct":159,"completionDateStruct":161,"leadSponsor":163,"locationsCount":49},"100617550","evaluation-of-the-effectiveness-of-health-literacy-education-given-to-women-by-teach-back-method-100617550","NCT07320079","Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Health Literacy Education Given to Women by Teach-Back Method","Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Health Literacy Education Given to Women by Teach-Back Method: Randomized Controlled Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Women aged between 18 and 65 years\n* Those with a General Health Questionnaire-12 score below 4\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Illiterate women\n* Male individuals\n* Those with communication difficulties\n* Healthcare professionals (physicians, midwives, nurses, etc.)\n* Emergency patients",true,"FEMALE",{"count":146,"type":22},74,[25],"This study aims to enhance women's health literacy levels and to examine the effectiveness of the teach-back teaching technique in improving women's health literacy. The research was designed as a randomized controlled study. In addition, this study aims to answer the question of whether health literacy education delivered using the teach-back method is effective in improving women's health literacy levels. Within the scope of the study, participants in the experimental group will receive health literacy education using the teach-back technique, while the control group will receive standard care. Data will be collected using a questionnaire method.",[150,151],"Health Literacy","Teach Back",[153,154,155,156],"Health literacy","Teach-back","Women","Self-efficacy","2026-08-12",{"date":101,"type":41},{"date":160,"type":41},"2026-03-02",{"date":162,"type":22},"2027-07-20",{"name":47,"class":48},{"id":165,"slug":166,"hasResults":12,"nctId":167,"briefTitle":168,"officialTitle":169,"acronym":170,"eligibilityCriteria":171,"healthyVolunteers":143,"sex":17,"minAge":4,"maxAge":172,"enrollmentInfo":173,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":175,"briefSummary":176,"conditions":177,"keywords":181,"overallStatus":74,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":187,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":188,"startDateStruct":190,"completionDateStruct":192,"leadSponsor":194,"locationsCount":49},"100650439","effect-of-nesting-during-intramuscular-injection-on-pain-stress-and-breastfeeding-success-in-cesarean-born-term-newborns-100650439","NCT07748520","Effect of Nesting During Intramuscular Injection on Pain, Stress, and Breastfeeding Success in Cesarean-Born Term Newborns","The Effect of Nesting Practice on Pain, Stress Level, and Breastfeeding Success During Intramuscular Injection in Term Newborns Delivered by Cesarean Section","NESTING","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Written informed consent was obtained from the parent(s) or legal guardian(s) of the newborn.\n* Born by cesarean section.\n* Term newborn (gestational age between 37+0 and 41+6 weeks).\n* Birth weight between 2,500 g and 4,000 g.\n* Clinically stable vital signs (including heart rate, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation).\n* No acute or chronic medical conditions.\n* No congenital anomalies.\n* No requirement for endotracheal intubation, resuscitation, or admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).\n* Scheduled to receive the first intramuscular injection after birth.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Multiple birth (e.g., twins or higher-order multiples).\n* Administration of vitamin K or hepatitis B vaccine before completion of the study procedures.\n* Withdrawal of parental consent at any time during the study.\n* Use of a pacifier, oral sucrose, or any pharmacological or non-pharmacological pain-relief intervention before completion of the outcome assessments.\n* Discharge from the hospital or transfer to another healthcare facility before completion of the study procedures.\n* Delayed mother-newborn reunion due to maternal general anesthesia or prolonged sedation following spinal or epidural anesthesia.\n* Delayed transfer of the newborn to the mother because of prolonged surgery, intraoperative complications, or delayed postoperative stabilization.","30 Minutes",{"count":174,"type":22},112,[25],"This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effect of nesting during the first intramuscular injection on pain, stress level, physiological parameters, settling time, and breastfeeding success in healthy term newborns delivered by cesarean section. A total of 112 newborns will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either a nesting intervention group or a routine care control group. Newborns in the intervention group will receive nesting until the first intramuscular injection, whereas those in the control group will receive routine neonatal care. Pain, stress level, physiological parameters, settling time, and breastfeeding success will be evaluated using validated assessment tools. The findings are expected to provide evidence regarding the effectiveness of nesting as a simple, safe, and non-pharmacological intervention for reducing procedural pain and stress in newborns while supporting breastfeeding success.",[178,179,180],"Newborn Pain","Newborn Stress","Breastfeeding Success in Newborns",[182,183,184,185,178,179,186],"Nesting","Term Newborn","Cesarean Section","Intramuscular Injection","Breastfeeding Success","2026-08-02",{"date":189,"type":41},"2026-08-05",{"date":191,"type":41},"2025-10-15",{"date":193,"type":22},"2026-10-15",{"name":47,"class":48},{"id":196,"slug":197,"hasResults":12,"nctId":198,"briefTitle":199,"officialTitle":200,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":201,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":202,"maxAge":18,"enrollmentInfo":203,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":205,"briefSummary":206,"conditions":207,"keywords":211,"overallStatus":74,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":187,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":213,"startDateStruct":215,"completionDateStruct":217,"leadSponsor":219,"locationsCount":49},"100650217","effects-of-progressive-neuromuscular-stabilization-exercises-versus-aerobic-exercises-on-body-composition-and-postural-balance-in-children-with-obesity-100650217","NCT07744022","Effects of Progressive Neuromuscular Stabilization Exercises Versus Aerobic Exercises on Body Composition and Postural Balance in Children With Obesity","Effects of Progressive Neuromuscular Stabilization Exercises Versus Aerobic Exercises on Body Composition and Postural Balance in Children With Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Aged 12 to 18 years\n* Classified as having Class I obesity (Body Mass Index \\[BMI\\] ≥95th percentile and \\\u003C120% of the 95th percentile for age and sex) or Class II obesity (BMI ≥120% and \\\u003C140% of the 95th percentile for age and sex), according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) age- and sex-specific growth charts.\n* Able to maintain a single-leg stance on the non-dominant leg with eyes closed for less than 30 seconds.\n* Written informed consent provided by a parent or legal guardian, and assent obtained from the participant.\n* Willing and able to participate in the study.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Classified as having Class III obesity (Body Mass Index \\[BMI\\] ≥140% of the 95th percentile for age and sex).\n* Presence of an orthopedic condition that would prevent participation in the exercise program.\n* History of any injury or surgery within the previous 6 months.\n* Presence of a chronic neurological disorder.\n* Presence of a psychiatric disorder.\n* Presence of a severe cognitive impairment.\n* Presence of cardiovascular disease.","12 Years",{"count":204,"type":22},54,[25],"Introduction: Childhood obesity can impair postural control, balance, and motor skills, thereby limiting participation in physical activity. Aerobic exercise is widely used to improve cardiovascular fitness and support weight management in children with obesity. In recent years, however, Progressive Neuromuscular Stabilization (PNS) exercises, which aim to retrain the neuromuscular system, have been suggested to have beneficial effects on core stability, balance, and postural control. Technology-assisted exercise interventions may increase children's participation and enhance motivation throughout the rehabilitation process. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of technology-assisted PNS exercises with conventional aerobic exercise in children with obesity.\n\nMethods: This study will be conducted among children attending the Department of Pediatrics, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa who meet the eligibility criteria. Children aged 12-18 years with obesity will be recruited. Participants will be randomly allocated into three groups: the Aerobic Exercise (AE) group, the Progressive Neuromuscular Stabilization (PNS) group, and the Control group.\n\nParticipants in the exercise groups will receive supervised exercise sessions twice weekly for 12 weeks in a clinical setting and will be instructed to perform home-based exercises on the remaining days. Home exercise programs will be delivered through the BeCure® mobile application, where exercise videos will be uploaded, and participants will be asked to perform progressively advancing exercises on a weekly basis. The control group will receive a single session of exercise counseling. Outcome assessments will be performed before and after the intervention.\n\nSample Size: The sample size was calculated using G\\*Power version 3.1. Based on moderate effect sizes reported in the literature (Lengkana et al., 2019), the effect size was set at f = 0.30, with a significance level of α = 0.05 and statistical power of 1 - β = 0.95. Power analysis for a repeated-measures design with three groups and two measurement time points (baseline and post-intervention) indicated a minimum total sample size of 48 participants. To account for potential dropouts, a total of 54 participants will be recruited. Participants will be assigned to the study groups using block randomization stratified by age and sex.\n\nPrimary Outcome Measure:\n\nBalance and postural control will be assessed using the Biodex Balance System.\n\nSecondary Outcome Measures:\n\nBody composition will be evaluated using Body Mass Index (BMI), triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness, waist circumference, and Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) to determine body fat percentage. Core muscle endurance will be assessed using the Prone Plank Test and the Side Plank Test. Functional performance will be evaluated using the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), the 30-Second Sit-to-Stand Test (30-s STS), and the 20-Meter Shuttle Run Test.\n\nPhysical activity level will be assessed using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C). Self-perception and body image will be evaluated using the Self-Perception Profile for Children (SPPC). Health-related quality of life will be assessed using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL), while fatigue will be evaluated using the PedsQL Multidimensional Fatigue Scale. Posture will be assessed using the New York Posture Rating Scale.\n\nStudy Plan:\n\nEach exercise session will last approximately 40 minutes, consisting of a 5-minute warm-up, 30 minutes of the main exercise program, and a 5-minute cool-down.",[208,209,210],"Childhood Obesity","Aerobic Exercise","Exercise",[212],"childhood obesity",{"date":214,"type":41},"2026-08-04",{"date":216,"type":41},"2026-07-03",{"date":218,"type":22},"2027-08-15",{"name":47,"class":48},{"id":221,"slug":222,"hasResults":12,"nctId":223,"briefTitle":224,"officialTitle":225,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":226,"healthyVolunteers":143,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":227,"enrollmentInfo":228,"targetDuration":230,"studyType":60,"phases":4,"briefSummary":231,"conditions":232,"keywords":241,"overallStatus":74,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":248,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":249,"startDateStruct":250,"completionDateStruct":252,"leadSponsor":254,"locationsCount":49},"100650371","eeg-microstate-parameters-and-neuroinflammatory-biomarkers-in-patients-with-treatment-resistant-major-depressive-disorder-receiving-ect-100650371","NCT07748091","EEG Microstate Parameters and Neuroinflammatory Biomarkers in Patients With Treatment-Resistant Major Depressive Disorder Receiving ECT","The Relationship of EEG Microstate Parameters and Neuroinflammatory Biomarkers With Treatment Response in Patients With Treatment-Resistant Major Depressive Disorder Receiving Electroconvulsive Therapy","Inclusion Criteria:\n\nPatient Group\n\n* Age 18-60 years\n* Diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder, current major depressive episode, according to DSM-5 criteria.\n* Clinical indication for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).\n* Ability to provide written informed consent.\n* Willingness to participate in the study.\n\nHealthy Control Group:\n\n* Age ≥55 years.\n* No current psychiatric disorder.\n* No known neurological disorder.\n* Good general physical health.\n* No current use of medications known to affect EEG activity or inflammatory biomarkers significantly.\n* Ability to provide written informed consent.\n* Willingness to participate in the study.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Primary neurological disorders (e.g., dementia or traumatic brain injury).\n* Schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders.\n* Bipolar disorder diagnosis,\n* Intracranial space-occupying lesions.\n* Increased intracranial pressure.\n* Myocardial infarction within the previous 3 months.\n* Cerebrovascular disease within the previous month.\n* Unstable cerebral aneurysm.\n* Pheochromocytoma.\n* Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) or transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) within the previous month.\n* Cognitive impairment severe enough to prevent adequate cooperation during EEG recording.\n* Current alcohol or substance use disorder.\n* Active infectious disease.\n* Autoimmune or chronic inflammatory disorders.\n* Current use of systemic corticosteroids, immunosuppressive agents, or other medications known to affect inflammatory biomarkers significantly.","60 Years",{"count":229,"type":22},62,"2 Months","This study aims to investigate the neurophysiological and inflammatory changes associated with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in patients diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder who are resistant to at least two antidepressant treatments, using microstate analysis derived from resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) recordings. Within this scope, EEG recordings obtained before and after ECT will be compared to determine the relationships between changes in microstate parameters and inflammatory marker levels, clinical variables, and psychometric scale scores reflecting clinical improvement.\n\nPeripheral blood samples collected from the same patient group will be analyzed for complete blood count parameters as well as levels of interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), soluble glycoprotein 130 (sgp-130), soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R), interferon gamma-induced protein 10 kDa (IP-10), and C-reactive protein (CRP). In addition, inflammatory indices, including the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR), and Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR), will be calculated. The association between baseline levels of these biomarkers and treatment response will be evaluated. Moreover, changes in biomarker levels following ECT will be statistically examined in relation to clinical scale scores and EEG microstate parameters.\n\nAlthough microstate analysis and inflammatory biomarkers have each been extensively investigated in psychiatric disorders, studies evaluating these two biomarkers together, particularly with the inclusion of healthy control participants, remain limited. In this regard, the present study aims to evaluate the effects of ECT on patients with treatment-resistant depression using objective neurophysiological indicators, to contribute to the understanding of the pathophysiology of depression at the level of brain networks, and to provide a scientific basis for the development of personalized treatment approaches in the future.",[233,234,235,236,237,238,239,240],"Major Depression Moderate","Major Depression Severe","Major Depression With Comorbid Anxiety Symptoms","Major Depression With Panic Attacks","Major Depression With Psychotic Features","Major Depressive Episode","Major Depressive Disorder (MDD","Major Depression",[242,243,244,245,246,247,240,238],"ECT","EEG","Treatment Resistant Depression","Difficult to Treat Depression","Microstate","Inflammatory biomarker","2026-07-31",{"date":189,"type":41},{"date":251,"type":41},"2026-01-01",{"date":253,"type":22},"2027-03",{"name":47,"class":48},{"id":256,"slug":257,"hasResults":12,"nctId":258,"briefTitle":259,"officialTitle":259,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":260,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":261,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":262,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":263,"briefSummary":264,"conditions":265,"keywords":267,"overallStatus":74,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":271,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":272,"startDateStruct":274,"completionDateStruct":276,"leadSponsor":278,"locationsCount":49},"100640439","investigation-of-the-effect-of-inspiratory-muscle-training-and-dual-task-inspiratory-muscle-training-on-cognitive-functions-in-heart-failure-100640439","NCT07581587","Investigation of the Effect of Inspiratory Muscle Training and Dual-Task Inspiratory Muscle Training on Cognitive Functions in Heart Failure","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age ≥ 40 years\n* Diagnosed with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) according to the 2023 ESC HF Guidelines\n* Classified as NYHA functional class I-III\n* Clinically stable for at least 3 months and receiving stable pharmacological treatment\n* Able to read and understand Turkish\n* MoCA score ≥ 21\n* Willingness to participate and provide written informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Diagnosis of any neurological or neurodegenerative disease (e.g., Parkinson's disease, stroke, dementia, Alzheimer's disease)\n* Diagnosis of pulmonary disease (e.g., chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, obstructive sleep apnea)\n* Myocardial infarction within the last 6 months\n* Uncontrolled hypertension and\u002For diabetes mellitus\n* Severe valvular heart disease and\u002For uncontrolled arrhythmias\n* Orthopedic, visual, or hearing impairments that may prevent independent test completion\n* Inability to comply with study procedures or follow instructions","40 Years",{"count":204,"type":22},[25],"The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate whether dual-task inspiratory muscle training (IMT) is effective in improving cognitive and functional outcomes in adults with heart failure. It will also assess the effects of standard IMT and compare both approaches.\n\nThe main questions it aims to answer are:\n\n* Does dual-task IMT improve cognitive function more than standard IMT or no intervention?\n* Does dual-task IMT improve respiratory function, inspiratory muscle strength, and exercise capacity?\n* What are the effects of dual-task IMT on symptoms such as dyspnea and fatigue, and on quality of life, anxiety, and depression?\n\nDual-task IMT, standard IMT, and a control group (no additional intervention) will be compared to determine which approach is more effective in patients with heart failure (HF).\n\nParticipants will:\n\n* Be randomly assigned to one of three groups: dual-task IMT, standard IMT, or control\n* Perform IMT training 5 days per week for 8 weeks (2 sessions per day, 15 minutes each) if assigned to an intervention group\n* Complete 1 supervised in-person session per week and 4 sessions via telerehabilitation if assigned to an intervention group\n* Undergo assessments before and after the 8-week intervention, including cognitive tests, respiratory function, exercise capacity, and symptom evaluations",[266],"Heart Failure",[268,269,270],"Inspiratory muscle training","IMT","Dual-task","2026-07-29",{"date":273,"type":41},"2026-07-30",{"date":275,"type":41},"2026-07-27",{"date":277,"type":22},"2027-12",{"name":47,"class":48},{"id":280,"slug":281,"hasResults":12,"nctId":282,"briefTitle":283,"officialTitle":284,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":285,"healthyVolunteers":143,"sex":17,"minAge":286,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":287,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":60,"phases":4,"briefSummary":288,"conditions":289,"keywords":295,"overallStatus":74,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":297,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":298,"startDateStruct":299,"completionDateStruct":301,"leadSponsor":303,"locationsCount":49},"100649721","eeg-microstate-and-neuroinflammatory-biomarkers-in-older-age-patients-with-major-depressive-disorder-receiving-ect-100649721","NCT07740694","EEG Microstate and Neuroinflammatory Biomarkers in Older Age Patients With Major Depressive Disorder Receiving ECT","The Relationship Between EEG Microstate Parameters, Neuroinflammatory Biomarkers and Treatment Response in Older Patients With Major Depressive Disorder or Bipolar Disorder Undergoing Electroconvulsive Therapy","Inclusion Criteria:\n\nPatient Group\n\n* Age ≥55 years.\n* Diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder or Bipolar Disorder, current major depressive episode, according to DSM-5 criteria.\n* Clinical indication for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).\n* Ability to provide written informed consent.\n* Willingness to participate in the study.\n\nHealthy Control Group:\n\n* Age ≥55 years.\n* No current psychiatric disorder.\n* No known neurological disorder.\n* Good general physical health.\n* No current use of medications known to affect EEG activity or inflammatory biomarkers significantly.\n* Ability to provide written informed consent.\n* Willingness to participate in the study.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Primary neurological disorders (e.g., dementia or traumatic brain injury).\n* Schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders.\n* Intracranial space-occupying lesions.\n* Increased intracranial pressure.\n* Myocardial infarction within the previous 3 months.\n* Cerebrovascular disease within the previous month.\n* Unstable cerebral aneurysm.\n* Pheochromocytoma.\n* Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) or transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) within the previous month.\n* Cognitive impairment severe enough to prevent adequate cooperation during EEG recording.\n* Current alcohol or substance use disorder.\n* Active infectious disease.\n* Uncontrolled autoimmune or chronic inflammatory disorders. Participants with stable disease who had received the same maintenance treatment within the previous 3 months were eligible for inclusion.","55 Years",{"count":229,"type":22},"This study aims to investigate the neurophysiological and inflammatory changes associated with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in older age patients diagnosed with Major Depressive Episode, Major Depression, and Bipolar Disorder, using microstate analysis derived from resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) recordings. Within this scope, EEG recordings obtained before and after ECT will be compared to determine the relationships between changes in microstate parameters and inflammatory marker levels, clinical variables, and psychometric scale scores reflecting clinical improvement. Peripheral blood samples collected from the same patient group will be analyzed for complete blood count parameters as well as levels of interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), soluble glycoprotein 130 (sgp-130), soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R), interferon gamma-induced protein 10 kDa (IP-10), and C-reactive protein (CRP). In addition, inflammatory indices, including the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR), and Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR), will be calculated. The association between baseline levels of these biomarkers and treatment response will be evaluated. Moreover, changes in biomarker levels following ECT will be statistically examined in relation to clinical scale scores and EEG microstate parameters. Although microstate analysis and inflammatory biomarkers have each been extensively investigated in psychiatric disorders, studies evaluating these two biomarkers together, particularly with the inclusion of healthy control participants, in the older age population remain limited. In this regard, the present study aims to evaluate the effects of ECT on older age patients using objective neurophysiological indicators, contribute to the understanding of the pathophysiology of depression at the level of brain networks, and provide a scientific basis for the development of personalised treatment approaches in the future.",[233,234,235,236,237,238,290,291,292,293,294],"Bipolar Affective Disorder","Bipolar Depression Depressed Phase","Bipolar Depression","Bipolar Anhedonic Depression","Catatonia",[242,238,240,247,243,246,244,245,292,296],"Bipolar Disorder","2026-07-28",{"date":248,"type":41},{"date":300,"type":41},"2025-12-01",{"date":302,"type":22},"2027-02",{"name":47,"class":48},{"id":305,"slug":306,"hasResults":12,"nctId":307,"briefTitle":308,"officialTitle":309,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":310,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":144,"minAge":261,"maxAge":227,"enrollmentInfo":311,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":313,"briefSummary":314,"conditions":315,"keywords":321,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":297,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":323,"startDateStruct":324,"completionDateStruct":326,"leadSponsor":328,"locationsCount":49},"100649535","effect-of-hormone-replacement-therapy-on-physiotherapy-outcomes-in-postmenopausal-women-with-frozen-shoulder-100649535","NCT07736027","Effect of Hormone Replacement Therapy on Physiotherapy Outcomes in Postmenopausal Women With Frozen Shoulder","The Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy on Clinical and Functional Outcomes in Postmenopausal Women With Frozen Shoulder","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Postmenopausal female patients aged 40 to 60 years.\n* Shoulder pain at rest and during activities of daily living lasting for more than 3 months.\n* Clinical diagnosis of Stage I or Stage II frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis).\n* Passive range of motion (ROM) loss of greater than 25% compared to the unaffected shoulder in at least two movement planes (flexion, abduction, internal rotation, or external rotation).\n* Reduced range of motion of less than 50% compared to the unaffected side in at least one movement direction (flexion, abduction, internal rotation, or external rotation).\n* Increased restriction of external and internal rotation during glenohumeral abduction from 45 to 90 degrees.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Passive external rotation range of motion of less than 30 degrees (\\\u003C30°).\n* Presence of glenohumeral arthritis confirmed by radiography.\n* History or presence of inflammatory joint disease.\n* History of malignancy or active cancer diagnosis.\n* Previous treatment for the current shoulder condition (e.g., physiotherapy and rehabilitation, intra-articular injections, or surgical intervention).\n* Baseline shoulder pain score of less than 3 (\\\u003C3) on the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS).",{"count":312,"type":22},56,[25],"The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of a physiotherapy program on pain levels, shoulder range of motion, functional status, pain catastrophizing, perceived change, sleep quality, and quality of life in postmenopausal women diagnosed with frozen shoulder, with and without Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT). The findings are expected to contribute to personalized treatment planning for postmenopausal women with frozen shoulder and help fill the gap in current literature.",[316,317,318,319,210,320],"Frozen Shoulder","Adhesive Capsulitis","Adhesive Capsulitis of the Shoulder","Hormone Replacement Therapy, Post-Menopausal","Physical Therapy",[322],"Frozen Shoulder, Adhesive Capsulitis, Hormone Replacement Therapy, Postmenopause, Physical Therapy, Rehabilitation, Pain Catastrophizing, Range of Motion",{"date":273,"type":41},{"date":325,"type":22},"2026-09-01",{"date":327,"type":22},"2027-10-01",{"name":47,"class":48},{"id":330,"slug":331,"hasResults":12,"nctId":332,"briefTitle":333,"officialTitle":334,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":335,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":144,"minAge":4,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":336,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":338,"briefSummary":339,"conditions":340,"keywords":343,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":297,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":349,"startDateStruct":350,"completionDateStruct":352,"leadSponsor":353,"locationsCount":49},"100649465","virtual-reality-technology-based-breech-birth-maneuver-training-100649465","NCT07732998","Virtual Reality Technology-Based Breech Birth Maneuver Training","The Effect of Virtual Reality Technology-Based Breech Birth Maneuver Training on the Knowledge and Skill Levels of Midwifery Students","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Volunteering to participate in the study,\n* Having completed and successfully passed the \"Childbirth and Postpartum Care\" course,\n* Having sufficient Turkish reading, writing, and speaking skills.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Being a first-, second-, or fourth-year midwifery student,\n* Having a current or previous diagnosis of a psychiatric disorder,\n* Having a diagnosis of vertigo or migraine,\n* Having visual or hearing impairments.",{"count":337,"type":22},50,[25],"Midwifery education is a comprehensive process aimed at equipping students with advanced theoretical knowledge, clinical decision-making abilities, and complex psychomotor skills necessary to promote and protect maternal and newborn health (ICM, 2024; Güden, 2025). National and international standards for midwifery education require graduates to achieve the clinical competence needed to manage antenatal, intrapartum, and postpartum care safely, effectively, and in accordance with evidence-based practice (ICM, 2024). Accordingly, one of the core components of the midwifery curriculum is to provide students with the knowledge, practical skills, and clinical judgment required to manage not only physiological childbirth but also high-risk pregnancies and obstetric emergencies (ICM, 2024).\n\nBreech presentation is a fetal presentation anomaly in which the fetus presents with the buttocks, knees, or feet at the birth canal and occurs in approximately 3% of all births (Atasayan \\& Gürsoy, 2022). Because maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality are significantly higher in breech births than in cephalic presentations, competence in the management of breech birth is essential for healthcare professionals providing obstetric care (Wängberg Nordborg et al., 2022). However, with the increasing global rates of cesarean delivery, opportunities to observe and perform vaginal breech birth maneuvers have become increasingly limited. Consequently, student midwives and clinicians have fewer opportunities to gain hands-on clinical experience in vaginal breech birth management, which may lead to insufficient preparedness, lower self-confidence, and reduced competence in managing this uncommon yet high-risk obstetric situation.\n\nAlthough breech birth is rarely encountered in clinical practice, it represents a high-risk obstetric emergency associated with substantial perinatal morbidity and mortality, leaving little room for error. The accurate and comprehensive acquisition of essential psychomotor skills required for the management of breech birth, including the Bracht, Mauriceau-Smellie-Veit, and Lövset maneuvers, directly influences neonatal outcomes and the likelihood of survival.\n\nIn traditional midwifery education, these skills are generally taught through conventional simulation methods using partial or full-body mannequin models. Although traditional mannequin-based simulations contribute to the learning process, they have several important limitations, including restricted opportunities for repeated practice, low levels of interaction, insufficient realism, high costs, and the need for continuous physical resources (Saab et al., 2023). Furthermore, the limited occurrence of such high-risk cases in clinical settings and the ethical impossibility of allowing students to gain hands-on experience with real patients create significant barriers to transforming theoretical knowledge into clinical competence.\n\nVirtual Reality (VR) technology provides users with a 360-degree interactive environment, enabling the creation of highly realistic clinical simulations and introducing a new dimension to experiential learning processes. VR-based educational approaches allow students to repeatedly and independently practice high-risk clinical scenarios within a safe digital ecosystem without the risk of harming real patients (Fealy et al., 2019).\n\nThe literature demonstrates that VR applications in health sciences education improve knowledge acquisition, accelerate psychomotor skill development, and positively influence self-efficacy and learner satisfaction (Cho \\& Kim, 2024; Liu et al., 2023; Bracq et al., 2019). Recent studies have shown that VR-based simulations enhance knowledge retention and clinical skill development more effectively than traditional educational methods (Zambrano-Serrano et al., 2025). Furthermore, VR interventions have been reported to significantly improve midwifery students' fundamental clinical performance, self-confidence, and satisfaction levels in skills such as Leopold's maneuvers (Ahmed et al., 2025; Saied et al., 2025).\n\nAlthough the literature emphasizes the significant role of Virtual Reality (VR) technology in health education, randomized controlled studies directly addressing the simulation of \"breech birth maneuvers\" in midwifery education and methodologically evaluating the educational outcomes of these interventions remain limited. This study introduces an innovative approach by integrating one of the most critical high-risk birth management topics within the midwifery curriculum into digital education. Furthermore, it contributes to the field by applying an emerging technological method to a specific clinical area and providing a reproducible and standardized educational environment.\n\nThis study was designed as a randomized controlled trial to determine the effect of virtual reality-based breech birth maneuver training on the knowledge levels and skill acquisition of midwifery students.",[341,342],"Breech Birth Maneuvers","Virtual Reality (VR) Technology",[344,345,346,347,348],"Virtual Reality","breech birth","midwifery","knowledge level","skill development",{"date":271,"type":41},{"date":351,"type":22},"2027-03-01",{"date":253,"type":22},{"name":47,"class":48},{"id":355,"slug":356,"hasResults":12,"nctId":357,"briefTitle":358,"officialTitle":359,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":360,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":361,"enrollmentInfo":362,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":364,"briefSummary":365,"conditions":366,"keywords":368,"overallStatus":74,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":377,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":378,"startDateStruct":379,"completionDateStruct":381,"leadSponsor":383,"locationsCount":49},"100645372","betamethasone-vs-dextrose-injections-in-trigger-finger-100645372","NCT07681804","Betamethasone vs Dextrose Injections in Trigger Finger","Comparison of Ultrasound-Guided Betamethasone and Dextrose Injections in the Treatment of Trigger Finger: A Randomized Controlled Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age between 18 and 75 years\n* Clinical diagnosis of trigger finger\n* Presence of symptoms for at least 4 weeks\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Previous surgery on the affected finger\n* Injection treatment to the affected finger within the previous 3 months\n* Active local or systemic infection\n* Active malignancy\n* Active inflammatory rheumatic disease (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, polymyalgia rheumatica, vasculitis)\n* Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and\u002For uncontrolled hypertension\n* Autoimmune connective tissue diseases (e.g., systemic lupus erythematosus, antiphospholipid syndrome, systemic sclerosis, Sjögren syndrome, polymyositis, dermatomyositis, adult-onset Still's disease)\n* Coagulopathy that increases the risk of injection procedures\n* Pregnancy\n* Known allergy or hypersensitivity to lidocaine, betamethasone, or dextrose\n* Mental impairment or severe psychiatric disorder that may interfere with study participation or informed consent","75 Years",{"count":363,"type":22},42,[25],"This study aims to compare the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided betamethasone and dextrose injections in patients with trigger finger.\n\nTrigger finger is a common hand condition characterized by pain, clicking, and locking of the finger due to tendon entrapment at the A1 pulley. Corticosteroid injections are widely used as a first-line treatment; however, they may be associated with potential side effects.\n\nDextrose injection is an alternative treatment that may promote tissue healing through regenerative mechanisms. However, there is limited high-quality evidence regarding its effectiveness in trigger finger.\n\nIn this randomized controlled trial, patients will be assigned to receive either betamethasone or dextrose injection under ultrasound guidance. The primary outcome will be pain intensity measured by the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Secondary outcomes will include triggering severity, hand function, grip and pinch strength, and fine motor skills evaluated over a 12-week follow-up period.\n\nThe results of this study may help determine whether dextrose injection is a safe and effective alternative to corticosteroid treatment in trigger finger.",[367],"Trigger Finger",[369,370,371,372,373,374,375,376],"Trigger finger","Stenosing tenosynovitis","Ultrasound-guided injection","Betamethasone injection","Dextrose injection","A1 pulley","QuickDASH","Modified Quinnell classification","2026-07-26",{"date":297,"type":41},{"date":380,"type":41},"2026-06-30",{"date":382,"type":22},"2027-05",{"name":47,"class":48},{"id":385,"slug":386,"hasResults":12,"nctId":387,"briefTitle":388,"officialTitle":389,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":390,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":361,"enrollmentInfo":391,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":393,"briefSummary":394,"conditions":395,"keywords":399,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":408,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":409,"startDateStruct":411,"completionDateStruct":412,"leadSponsor":414,"locationsCount":49},"100648697","task-oriented-training-versus-high-intensity-gait-training-in-people-with-chronic-stroke-100648697","NCT07725211","Task-Oriented Training Versus High-Intensity Gait Training in People With Chronic Stroke","High-Repetition Task-Oriented Training Versus High-Intensity Gait Training for Lower Extremity Rehabilitation in Individuals With Chronic Stroke: An Assessor-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Diagnosis of first-ever unilateral stroke (ischemic or hemorrhagic) confirmed by clinical and\u002For radiological findings\n* Time since stroke onset of at least 6 months (chronic phase)\n* Age between 18 and 75 years\n* Ability to walk at least 10 meters independently, with or without an assistive device\n* Functional Ambulation Category (FAC) score of 3 or higher\n* Sufficient cognitive ability to understand and follow instructions (Mini-Mental State Examination score ≥ 24)\n* Willingness to participate and provision of written informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Recurrent stroke or bilateral hemispheric involvement\n* Unstable cardiovascular disease or other medical conditions contraindicating high-intensity exercise\n* Severe lower extremity spasticity interfering with gait training (Modified Ashworth Scale score \\> 3)\n* Orthopedic, rheumatological, or other neurological conditions affecting gait\n* Severe visual or vestibular impairment\n* Severe aphasia or cognitive impairment preventing participation in training or assessments\n* Participation in another structured rehabilitation or exercise program during the study period\n* Botulinum toxin injection to the lower extremity within the last 6 months",{"count":392,"type":22},45,[25],"The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of high-repetition task-oriented training and high-intensity gait training on walking capacity and functional mobility in individuals with chronic stroke.\n\nForty-five participants will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: (1) neurodevelopmental treatment (NDT) alone, (2) NDT combined with high-repetition task-oriented training, or (3) NDT combined with high-intensity gait training. All participants will receive treatment 3 days per week for 8 weeks (24 sessions in total). Walking capacity (6-Minute Walk Test) and functional mobility (Timed Up and Go Test, modified Dynamic Gait Index, 10-Meter Walk Test) will be assessed before and after the intervention by an assessor blinded to group allocation. The study hypothesizes that adding structured, intensity-based training approaches to conventional NDT will lead to greater improvements in walking capacity than NDT alone.",[396,397,398],"Stroke","Hemiplegia","Chronic Stroke",[400,401,402,403,404,405,406,407],"Task-oriented training","High-intensity gait training","Neurodevelopmental treatment","Walking capacity","Gait rehabilitation","Functional mobility","6-Minute Walk Test","Randomized controlled trial","2026-07-21",{"date":410,"type":41},"2026-07-24",{"date":75,"type":22},{"date":413,"type":22},"2026-12-15",{"name":47,"class":48},{"id":416,"slug":417,"hasResults":12,"nctId":418,"briefTitle":419,"officialTitle":419,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":420,"healthyVolunteers":143,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":227,"enrollmentInfo":421,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":423,"briefSummary":424,"conditions":425,"keywords":427,"overallStatus":74,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":408,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":433,"startDateStruct":435,"completionDateStruct":437,"leadSponsor":439,"locationsCount":49},"100635699","feasibility-and-preliminary-effects-of-a-tele-education-based-ergonomic-and-hand-exercise-program-in-office-workers-100635699","NCT07556081","Feasibility and Preliminary Effects of a Tele-Education-Based Ergonomic and Hand Exercise Program in Office Workers","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Aged between 18 and 60 years\n* Working at a desk for at least 5 hours per day\n* Having no regular exercise habits\n* Not having received prior training related to office ergonomics, hand dexterity, or grip strength\n* Working in a desk-based job for at least 1 year\n* Willing to participate and providing written informed consen\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* History of surgery involving the wrist or hand\n* Diagnosis of a neurological disorder\n* Inability to maintain regular participation during the training program",{"count":422,"type":22},35,[25],"Many office workers spend long hours at desks, which can lead to hand and upper limb problems. These issues may reduce hand strength and affect daily activities and work performance.\n\nThis study will evaluate whether an online ergonomic training and hand exercise program is practical and helpful for desk-based workers over four weeks.\n\nResearchers will measure hand grip strength and fine motor skills before and after the program to assess its potential benefits.",[426],"Occupational Health",[426,428,429,430,431,432],"Ergonomics","Motor Skills","Hand Strength","telemedicine","upper extremity",{"date":434,"type":41},"2026-07-22",{"date":436,"type":41},"2026-07-01",{"date":438,"type":22},"2026-08-01",{"name":47,"class":48},{"id":441,"slug":442,"hasResults":12,"nctId":443,"briefTitle":444,"officialTitle":445,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":446,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":447,"maxAge":202,"enrollmentInfo":448,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":450,"briefSummary":451,"conditions":452,"keywords":456,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":461,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":462,"startDateStruct":464,"completionDateStruct":466,"leadSponsor":468,"locationsCount":49},"100647730","retrolaminar-plane-block-versus-anterior-quadratus-lumborum-block-in-pediatric-urogenital-surgery-100647730","NCT07711496","Retrolaminar Plane Block Versus Anterior Quadratus Lumborum Block in Pediatric Urogenital Surgery","Comparison of the Postoperative Analgesic Efficacy of Retrolaminar Plane Block and Anterior Quadratus Lumborum Block in Pediatric Lower Urogenital Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age between 6 months and 12 years\n* Scheduled for lower abdominal urogenital surgery (e.g., inguinal hernia repair or orchiopexy for undescended testis)\n* American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification I-III\n* Written informed consent obtained from a parent or legal guardian\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* History of allergy to local anesthetic agents\n* Presence of infection at the planned injection site\n* Coagulopathy or any other condition contraindicating regional anesthesia\n* Planned laparoscopic orchiopexy\n* American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification IV\n* Inability to obtain informed consent from a parent or legal guardian\n* Anticipated requirement for postoperative intensive care unit admission","6 Months",{"count":449,"type":22},76,[25],"Effective control of postoperative pain following pediatric lower urogenital surgery is important for enhancing recovery and reducing opioid requirements. Anterior quadratus lumborum block and retrolaminar block are two ultrasound-guided truncal block techniques used for perioperative analgesia in lower abdominal surgery. However, direct comparisons of their analgesic efficacy in pediatric lower urogenital procedures remain limited.\n\nThis prospective, randomized, controlled trial will enroll 76 pediatric patients aged 6 months to 12 years with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I-III who are scheduled for elective lower urogenital surgery. Participants will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either an anterior quadratus lumborum block or a retrolaminar block. Both techniques will be performed under ultrasound guidance in addition to standardized general anesthesia.\n\nThe primary outcome will be rescue analgesic requirement during the first 24 postoperative hours. Secondary outcomes will include postoperative pain scores, time to first rescue analgesic administration, intraoperative remifentanil consumption, adverse effects such as nausea and vomiting, and caregiver satisfaction. The study aims to compare the postoperative analgesic efficacy and safety of anterior quadratus lumborum block and retrolaminar block in pediatric patients undergoing lower urogenital surgery.",[453,454,455],"Pediatric Regional Anesthesia","Retrolaminar Block","Pediatric Postoperative Pain",[457,458,459,460],"pediatric anesthesia","pediatric regional anesthesia","retrolaminar block","pediatric pain management","2026-07-14",{"date":463,"type":41},"2026-07-17",{"date":465,"type":22},"2026-07-25",{"date":467,"type":22},"2027-09-01",{"name":47,"class":48},{"id":470,"slug":471,"hasResults":12,"nctId":472,"briefTitle":473,"officialTitle":474,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":475,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":476,"maxAge":202,"enrollmentInfo":477,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":479,"briefSummary":480,"conditions":481,"keywords":485,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":489,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":490,"startDateStruct":492,"completionDateStruct":493,"leadSponsor":495,"locationsCount":49},"100629538","the-effect-of-the-cold-arm-sling-elevation-pillow-on-postoperative-anxiety-and-comfort-in-children-100629538","NCT07475975","The Effect of the Cold Arm Sling Elevation Pillow on Postoperative Anxiety and Comfort in Children","The Effect of Cold and Arm Sling Elevation Pillow on Postoperative Anxiety and Comfort in Pediatric Upper Extremity Fractures","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Children aged 7-12 years\n* Scheduled for elective surgery with a diagnosis of upper extremity fracture\n* Planned to receive analgesic treatment every 8 hours (three times daily) for postoperative pain management\n* Fully oriented and without any condition that would impair communication or cooperation\n* Expected to have a hospital stay of at least 24 hours in the orthopedic wards where the study is conducted\n* Children and their parents\u002Flegal guardians who provide consent to participate in the study\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Undergoing emergency surgical intervention\n* Presence of an open wound, infection, suspected compartment syndrome, or vascular injury at the fracture site\n* Presence of sensory loss or neurological deficit in the affected extremity\n* Presence of cognitive, hearing, speech, or severe physical disabilities\n* Treated conservatively with cast immobilization\n* Planned postoperative analgesic regimens that are more frequent or less frequent than every 8 hours, or that require high-dose analgesic therapy\n* Requiring revision surgery\n* Presence of metabolic or neuromuscular comorbidities (e.g., osteogenesis imperfecta, recurrent fractures)\n* Children whose mothers are unable to communicate or do not speak Turkish","7 Years",{"count":478,"type":22},80,[25],"The purpose of this clinical trial is to learn whether the use of a \"cold and arm sling elevation pillow\" affects anxiety and comfort levels in children aged 7-12 years undergoing surgery for upper extremity fractures. The main questions it aims to answer are:\n\n* Does the use of a cold and arm sling elevation pillow reduce postoperative anxiety levels in children?\n* Does the use of a cold and arm sling elevation pillow increase postoperative comfort levels in children?\n\nResearchers will compare the experimental group (using the specially designed cold and arm sling elevation pillow) with the control group (receiving standard clinical care, including standard pillows and separate ice packs) to see the effects of the integrated pillow on anxiety and comfort.\n\nParticipants will:\n\n* Receive education before surgery based on their randomly assigned group (experimental or control),\n* Use the assigned elevation and cold application method for the first 24 hours following surgery,\n* Complete anxiety and comfort assessment scales at four different time points: before the intervention, just before surgery, 6 hours after surgery, and at the time of discharge.",[482,483,484],"Upper Extremity Fractures","Postoperative Anxiety","Patient Comfort",[483,484,486,487,488],"Upper Extremity Fracture","Cold and arm sling elevation pillow","children","2026-07-06",{"date":491,"type":41},"2026-07-07",{"date":325,"type":22},{"date":494,"type":22},"2027-12-01",{"name":47,"class":48},{"id":497,"slug":498,"hasResults":12,"nctId":499,"briefTitle":500,"officialTitle":501,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":502,"healthyVolunteers":143,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":503,"enrollmentInfo":504,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":505,"briefSummary":506,"conditions":507,"keywords":509,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":513,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":514,"startDateStruct":516,"completionDateStruct":518,"leadSponsor":519,"locationsCount":49},"100645413","yoga-vs-stretching-strengthening-physical-fitness-in-sedentary-young-adults-100645413","NCT07680712","Yoga vs. Stretching-Strengthening: Physical Fitness in Sedentary Young Adults","Comparative Effects of Yoga Versus Stretching-Strengthening Exercises on Physical Fitness in Sedentary Young Adults","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Being between 18 and 30 years of age,\n* Having a body mass index (BMI) of less than 30 kg\u002Fm²,\n* Being healthy (having no known systemic, neurological, psychological, or orthopedic diseases),\n* Not having participated in regular exercise within the last six months,\n* Having a sedentary lifestyle according to the World Health Organization (WHO) definition (not performing at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic activity per week),\n* Agreeing not to participate regularly in any other physical activity or exercise program for the duration of the study,\n* Voluntarily participating in the study and agreeing to sign the written and verbal informed consent form in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Individuals with a history of injury, surgery, or pain complaints affecting the musculoskeletal system within the last six months,\n* Individuals with neurological, cardiovascular, respiratory, endocrine, psychiatric, or metabolic diseases,\n* Individuals who participate in any regular sporting activity,\n* Female participants who are pregnant or have a suspected pregnancy,\n* Individuals who state that they will not be able to participate regularly in the exercise program or will not be able to complete the study,\n* Individuals who do not provide written and verbal informed consent to participate in the study.","30 Years",{"count":337,"type":22},[25],"The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if yoga or stretching-strengthening exercises are more effective in sedentary young adults who are currently healthy but at risk due to inactivity. The main questions it aims to answer are:\n\nWhich exercise type leads to better improvements in physical fitness, mental well-being, and sleep quality based on a person's starting profile?\n\nHow do initial levels of balance and muscle strength affect how well a person responds to these exercises?\n\nResearchers will compare a yoga group to a stretching-strengthening exercise group to see if one approach is more effective than the other for specific types of individuals.\n\nParticipants will:\n\nBe evaluated for their starting physical fitness (balance and strength) and psychological health.\n\nPerform either yoga or stretching-strengthening exercises regularly during the study period.\n\nComplete surveys about their mood, stress levels, and sleep quality.\n\nBe re-tested at the end of the program to measure changes and improvements.",[508,210],"Sedentary Lifestlye",[510,511,512],"physical exercise","physical inactivity","healthy lifestyle","2026-06-29",{"date":515,"type":41},"2026-07-02",{"date":517,"type":22},"2026-06-22",{"date":253,"type":22},{"name":47,"class":48},{"id":521,"slug":522,"hasResults":12,"nctId":523,"briefTitle":524,"officialTitle":525,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":526,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":19,"enrollmentInfo":527,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":529,"briefSummary":530,"conditions":531,"keywords":533,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":537,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":538,"startDateStruct":539,"completionDateStruct":541,"leadSponsor":543,"locationsCount":4},"100644698","inspiratory-muscle-training-in-individuals-with-multiple-sclerosis-100644698","NCT07672535","Inspiratory Muscle Training in Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis","Comparison of the Effects of High-Intensity and Low-Intensity Inspiratory Muscle Training in Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) according to the 2024 McDonald criteria\n* Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score ≥2 and \\\u003C6\n* Age between 18 and 65 years\n* Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score \\>24\n* Willingness to participate in the study\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Experiencing an MS relapse within the past three months\n* Presence of chronic cardiac or pulmonary diseases that may affect respiratory muscle strength and function, such as COPD, asthma, interstitial lung disease, or heart failure\n* Presence of pulmonary infection\n* Presence of orthopedic problems\n* Presence of psychiatric disorders\n* Pregnancy",{"count":528,"type":22},48,[25],"Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease affecting the central nervous system, characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and axonal degeneration, and primarily affects young adults. Muscle weakness, sensory disturbances, spasticity, pain, visual impairment, ataxia, fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, and respiratory complications are among the most commonly reported symptoms in individuals with MS. Although inspiratory muscle training has been shown to have beneficial effects in individuals with MS, the effects of different inspiratory muscle training intensities on respiratory muscle strength and pulmonary function have not been sufficiently investigated.\n\nThe primary aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness and clinical feasibility of high-intensity interval inspiratory muscle training in individuals with MS. The secondary aim is to compare the effects of high-intensity interval inspiratory muscle training, low-intensity inspiratory muscle training, and conventional rehabilitation on respiratory muscle strength, pulmonary function, cough effectiveness, exercise capacity, lower extremity functional muscle strength, balance, fatigue, dysphagia severity, sleep quality, and quality of life in individuals with MS.\n\nParticipants will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: a high-intensity interval inspiratory muscle training group, a low-intensity inspiratory muscle training group, or a conventional rehabilitation group. All three groups will receive conventional rehabilitation, while the inspiratory muscle training groups will additionally receive their respective inspiratory muscle training programs. This study aims to be the first randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effects of high-intensity interval inspiratory muscle training in individuals with MS.",[93,532],"Inspiratory Muscle Training",[95,534,535,536],"inspiratory muscle training","respiratory muscle training","respiratory muscle strength","2026-06-26",{"date":513,"type":41},{"date":540,"type":22},"2026-08",{"date":542,"type":22},"2028-01",{"name":47,"class":48},{"id":545,"slug":546,"hasResults":12,"nctId":547,"briefTitle":548,"officialTitle":548,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":549,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":227,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":550,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":552,"briefSummary":553,"conditions":554,"keywords":559,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":566,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":567,"startDateStruct":569,"completionDateStruct":570,"leadSponsor":571,"locationsCount":4},"100628162","comparson-of-the-effcacy-of-conventonal-exercse-and-plates-n-pre-fral-and-fral-older-adults-100628162","NCT07458048","Comparıson of the Effıcacy of Conventıonal Exercıse and Pılates ın Pre-fraıl and Fraıl Older Adults","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age 60 years and older Classified as prefrail or frail according to the FRAIL Scale A score of 24 or higher on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) Provided written informed consent after being informed about the study\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\nPresence of unstable cardiovascular disease Having received physical therapy and rehabilitation within the past 6 months History of severe neurological disorders History of major surgery affecting mobility within the past 6-12 months Severe musculoskeletal or orthopedic conditions that limit or preventt independent mobility.\n\n\\-",{"count":551,"type":22},40,[25],"Brief Summary\n\nThis clinical study aims to compare the effects of a conventional exercise program and a Pilates exercise program in prefrail and frail older adults. A total of 40 participants aged 60 years and older who are classified as prefrail or frail according to the FRAIL Scale will be included in the study.\n\nParticipants will be randomly assigned to either the conventional exercise group or the Pilates group. Both exercise programs will be conducted twice weekly for 6 weeks. The interventions will focus on stretching exercises, balance and perturbation training, and strength exercises targeting major muscle groups.\n\nPrimary outcomes will include changes in frailty status assessed before and after the intervention. Secondary outcomes will include functional mobility and balance assessed by the Timed Up and Go Test, dynamic balance assessed by the Functional Reach Test, lower extremity strength assessed by the 30-Second Sit-to-Stand Test, gait speed assessed by the 10-Meter Walk Test, depressive symptoms and psychological well-being assessed by the Yesavage Geriatric Depression Scale, independence in daily activities assessed by the Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale, cognitive status assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination, and fatigue assessed by the Modified Borg Scale. Frailty status will be evaluated using the FRAIL Scale.\n\nThroughout the study, participant safety will be monitored, and any adverse events, such as injuries or discomfort occurring during exercise sessions, will be recorded and managed appropriately.\n\nThis study is expected to provide valuable clinical evidence regarding the effectiveness of conventional exercise and Pilates programs in improving physical health and reducing frailty in prefrail and frail older adults, thereby contributing to the identification of best practice approaches for the management of this vulnerable population.",[555,556,557,558],"Frailty Syndrome","Prefrail Elderly","Frail Elderly","Geriatric",[560,561,562,563,564,565],"Pilates","geriatric","conventional","frailty","exercises","prefrail","2026-06-20",{"date":568,"type":41},"2026-06-25",{"date":517,"type":22},{"date":302,"type":22},{"name":47,"class":48},{"id":573,"slug":574,"hasResults":12,"nctId":575,"briefTitle":576,"officialTitle":577,"acronym":578,"eligibilityCriteria":579,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":580,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":60,"phases":4,"briefSummary":581,"conditions":582,"keywords":586,"overallStatus":74,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":592,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":593,"startDateStruct":594,"completionDateStruct":596,"leadSponsor":597,"locationsCount":49},"100643944","multimodality-rv-phenotyping-for-risk-stratification-and-short-term-outcomes-in-group-1-pah-100643944","NCT07667673","Multimodality RV Phenotyping for Risk Stratification and Short-Term Outcomes in Group 1 PAH","Multimodality Imaging-Based Right Ventricular Phenotyping for Risk Stratification and Short-Term Outcomes in Group 1 Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: The MIRROR-PAH Study","MIRROR-PAH","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Adults aged 18 years or older\n* Diagnosis of Group 1 pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) according to ESC\u002FERS guidelines\n* Followed at the study center with a diagnosis of PAH\n* Availability of right heart catheterization (RHC) and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging data obtained within a clinically relevant time interval\n* Availability of analyzable clinical, imaging, and hemodynamic data\n* Willingness to participate in the study and provision of written informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age younger than 18 years\n* Pulmonary hypertension groups other than Group 1 PAH (Groups 2-5 PH)\n* Absence of either right heart catheterization or cardiac magnetic resonance imaging data within a clinically relevant time interval\n* Incomplete clinical or imaging data preventing analysis\n* Unavailable follow-up data",{"count":337,"type":22},"The MIRROR-PAH is a single-center, prospective, observational cohort study evaluating the incremental value of multimodality imaging-derived right ventricular characteristics for risk stratification in patients with Group 1 pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The study aims to determine whether incorporation of echocardiographic and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)-derived right ventricular parameters into established non-invasive risk assessment models results in risk reclassification and improves identification of patients at risk for short-term clinical worsening.\n\nAdult patients with established Group 1 PAH undergoing routine follow-up and with available right heart catheterization (RHC) and CMR data will be consecutively enrolled. Clinical, laboratory, echocardiographic, and follow-up data will be prospectively collected over a 6-month period. Associations between multimodality imaging findings, invasive hemodynamic measurements, risk classification, and short-term clinical outcomes will be evaluated.",[583,584,585],"Pulmonary Hypertension","Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension","Right Ventricular Function",[587,588,589,590,591],"pulmonary arterial hypertension","transthoracic echocardiography","cardiac magnetic resonance imaging","right heart catheterization","risk stratification","2026-06-19",{"date":568,"type":41},{"date":595,"type":41},"2026-05-11",{"date":382,"type":22},{"name":47,"class":48},{"id":599,"slug":600,"hasResults":12,"nctId":601,"briefTitle":602,"officialTitle":603,"acronym":604,"eligibilityCriteria":605,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":606,"maxAge":18,"enrollmentInfo":607,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":60,"phases":4,"briefSummary":609,"conditions":610,"keywords":616,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":618,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":619,"startDateStruct":621,"completionDateStruct":622,"leadSponsor":624,"locationsCount":49},"100642191","core-stability-functional-capacity-balance-strength-and-fatigue-in-pediatric-demyelinating-diseases-100642191","NCT07654738","Core Stability, Functional Capacity, Balance, Strength, and Fatigue in Pediatric Demyelinating Diseases","Investigation of the Relationship Between Core Stability, Functional Capacity, Balance, Lower Extremity Strength, and Fatigue in Pediatric Demyelinating Diseases","PEDI-CORE","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age between 6 and 18 years\n* Diagnosed with a pediatric demyelinating disease\n* No relapse within the last 3 months\n* No botulinum toxin (Botox) injections within the last 3 months\n* No corticosteroid treatment within the last 3 months\n* Ability to read and write\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* History of concomitant autoimmune diseases\n* Refusal of the patient and\u002For caregiver to participate in the study\n* History of another primary neurological disease\n* Cognitive impairment that limits understanding of instructions and participation in assessments\n* Visual and\u002For hearing impairments that interfere with activities of daily living\n* Presence of additional rheumatological conditions that may interfere with assessments\n* Spasticity grade ≥2 according to the Modified Ashworth Scale in any muscle group","6 Years",{"count":608,"type":22},32,"This study aims to evaluate balance ability, core stability, functional capacity, lower extremity muscle strength, and fatigue levels in children diagnosed with central nervous system demyelinating diseases, in order to contribute to the development of evidence-based and individualized rehabilitation strategies.",[611,612,613,614,615],"Demyelinating Diseases of the Central Nervous System","Child","Core Stability","Balance","Fatigue",[617,613,614,615],"Pediatric Demyelinating Diseases","2026-06-12",{"date":620,"type":41},"2026-06-17",{"date":273,"type":22},{"date":623,"type":22},"2028-01-30",{"name":47,"class":48},{"id":626,"slug":627,"hasResults":12,"nctId":628,"briefTitle":629,"officialTitle":630,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":631,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":144,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":632,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":634,"briefSummary":635,"conditions":636,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":74,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":641,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":642,"startDateStruct":644,"completionDateStruct":646,"leadSponsor":647,"locationsCount":49},"100584757","virtual-reality-based-and-face-to-face-relaxation-programs-in-pregnant-women-with-preeclampsia-100584757","NCT06893510","Virtual Reality-Based and Face-to-Face Relaxation Programs in Pregnant Women With Preeclampsia","The Effect of Virtual Reality-Based and Face-to-Face Relaxation Programs on Maternal and Fetal Outcomes in Pregnant Women With Preeclampsia","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Hospitalized with a diagnosis of preeclampsia.\n* Gestational age ≥26 weeks.\n* 18 years or older.\n* Singleton and viable pregnancy.\n* Willing to participate in the study voluntarily.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Multiple pregnancy.\n* Pregnancy achieved through assisted reproductive technologies.\n* Hearing or vision impairment in the pregnant individual.\n* Fetal distress requiring emergency intervention.\n* HELLP Syndrome or Eclampsia.\n* History of vertigo.\n\nWithdrawal Criteria:\n\n* Cases where live birth does not occur.\n* Participants who voluntarily withdraw from the study.\n* Participants whose general health condition deteriorates during the intervention.\n* Participants experiencing side effects from virtual reality headset use (e.g., dizziness, nausea, headache).\n* Participants who do not practice progressive muscle relaxation at least once a week after the intervention.",{"count":633,"type":22},96,[25],"Preeclampsia, affecting 2-8% of pregnancies globally, is a leading hypertensive disorder in pregnancy. It is clinically characterized by elevated blood pressure (≥140\u002F90 mmHg) after the 20th gestational week, often accompanied by proteinuria and systemic complications such as thrombocytopenia, liver dysfunction, and cerebral symptoms. This condition poses significant risks for both maternal and fetal health, increasing the likelihood of organ damage, preterm birth, and long-term cardiovascular and neurodevelopmental complications. Non-pharmacological interventions, including relaxation techniques, have been explored for symptom management. Progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) has shown efficacy in reducing stress, anxiety, and blood pressure. Recently, virtual reality (VR)-based relaxation techniques have gained attention for enhancing stress relief and improving health outcomes. This study aims to compare the effects of VR-based PMR with in-person PMR on maternal and fetal outcomes in preeclamptic pregnancies.",[637,638,639,344,640],"Pre-Eclampsia","Maternal Health","Relaxation","Fetal Monitoring","2026-06-07",{"date":643,"type":41},"2026-06-10",{"date":645,"type":41},"2025-09-08",{"date":325,"type":22},{"name":47,"class":48},{"id":649,"slug":650,"hasResults":12,"nctId":651,"briefTitle":652,"officialTitle":653,"acronym":654,"eligibilityCriteria":655,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":656,"enrollmentInfo":657,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":60,"phases":4,"briefSummary":659,"conditions":660,"keywords":664,"overallStatus":74,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":666,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":667,"startDateStruct":669,"completionDateStruct":671,"leadSponsor":673,"locationsCount":49},"100643494","assessment-of-renal-perfusion-using-ultrasound-and-near-infrared-spectroscopy-in-patients-undergoing-minimally-invasive-abdominal-surgery-100643494","NCT07635160","Assessment of Renal Perfusion Using Ultrasound and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Patients Undergoing Minimally Invasive Abdominal Surgery","Prospective Observational Evaluation of Renal Perfusion Using Doppler Ultrasonography and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Patients Undergoing Elective Minimally Invasive Abdominal Surgery","RRI-NIRS","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients aged 18 to 80 years\n* Patients with ASA physical status I, II, or III\n* Patients undergoing elective minimally invasive abdominal surgery for any reason\n* Patients whose expected surgical duration is longer than 1 hour\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Body mass index greater than 35 kg\u002Fm²\n* Severe respiratory system disease\n* Severe heart failure, NYHA class III-IV\n* Presence of a cardiac pacemaker or cardiac defibrillator implant\n* Progressive neuromuscular disease\n* High intra-abdominal pressure\n* Sudden deterioration of general condition\n* Incomplete clinical or laboratory data\n* Refusal to participate in the study\n* Conversion to open surgery","80 Years",{"count":658,"type":22},51,"This prospective observational study aims to evaluate renal perfusion in adult patients undergoing elective minimally invasive abdominal surgery. Renal perfusion will be assessed using two non-invasive monitoring techniques: Doppler ultrasonography-derived Renal Resistive Index (RRI) and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS)-derived renal regional oxygen saturation (rSO₂).\n\nMeasurements will be obtained at predefined perioperative time points, including after induction of anesthesia, during pneumoperitoneum, before extubation, and during the early postoperative period. Perioperative changes in renal perfusion parameters will be analyzed and correlated with clinical variables such as intra-abdominal pressure, pneumoperitoneum duration, hemodynamic parameters, fluid administration, urine output, and postoperative renal function.\n\nThe study also aims to investigate the relationship between intraoperative renal perfusion changes and the development of postoperative acute kidney injury. The findings may contribute to improved perioperative monitoring and optimization of renal perfusion during minimally invasive abdominal surgery.",[661,662,663],"Renal Perfusion","Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures","Acute Kidney Injury",[665],"Kidney Perfusion,Renal Resistive Index,Near-Infrared Spectroscopy,Acute Kidney Injury,Laparoscopic Surgery","2026-06-03",{"date":668,"type":41},"2026-06-09",{"date":670,"type":41},"2026-01-07",{"date":672,"type":22},"2027-01-07",{"name":47,"class":48},{"id":675,"slug":676,"hasResults":12,"nctId":677,"briefTitle":678,"officialTitle":679,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":680,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":503,"maxAge":19,"enrollmentInfo":681,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":683,"briefSummary":684,"conditions":685,"keywords":691,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":666,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":696,"startDateStruct":698,"completionDateStruct":699,"leadSponsor":701,"locationsCount":49},"100642932","exercise-interventions-in-obstructive-sleep-apnea-syndrome-100642932","NCT07634029","Exercise Interventions in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome","The Effect of Exercise Snacks and Aerobic Exercise on Circadian Rhythm and Functional Capacity in Individuals With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Individuals diagnosed with OSAHS (AHI ≥ 15) confirmed by polysomnography, with moderate or severe disease, who have been receiving CPAP therapy for at least 3 months.\n* Adults aged 30-65 years.\n* No participation in any regular exercise program within the last 6 months.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Individuals with OSAHS and a body mass index (BMI) \\> 35 kg\u002Fm²\n* Severe chronic pulmonary disease\n* Neurological or musculoskeletal disorders that prevent exercise\n* Unstable cardiovascular conditions\n* Unstable metabolic conditions\n* Severe psychiatric disorders such as bipolar disorder or schizophrenia\n* Pregnancy or breastfeeding\n* Individuals working night shifts or with schedules that may cause jet lag\n* Use of steroid or hormone therapy\n* Use of melatonin or sleep-regulating medications within the last 3 months\n* Presence of acute infection or inflammation",{"count":682,"type":22},39,[25],"Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSA) is a condition characterized by repeated pauses or reductions in breathing during sleep, which can negatively affect sleep quality, daytime functioning, and physical capacity. Although regular exercise is known to have beneficial effects in OSA, the effects of different exercise approaches on circadian rhythm and functional capacity have not been sufficiently investigated.The primary aim of this study is to compare the effects of exercise snacking and aerobic exercise on circadian rhythm and functional capacity in individuals with OSA, in comparison with a control group. The secondary aim is to evaluate the effects of these exercise interventions on peripheral muscle strength, fatigue level, body composition, quality of life, and physical activity level.Participants will be randomly assigned to three groups: an aerobic exercise group, an exercise snacking group, and a control group. While the exercise groups will follow their respective intervention programs, the control group will continue their routine treatment.This study aims to answer whether exercise snacking, which consists of short bouts of exercise distributed throughout the day, may be an alternative or complementary approach to traditional aerobic exercise in individuals with OSA. In addition, this study aims to be the first randomized controlled trial evaluating the effects of exercise snacking on circadian rhythm and functional capacity in individuals with OSA.",[686,687,688,689,690],"Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)","Exercise Snacks","Physical Activity","Circadian Rhythm","Sleep",[692,693,694,695],"Obstructive Sleep Apnea","exercise training","circadian rhythm","exercise snacks",{"date":697,"type":41},"2026-06-08",{"date":325,"type":22},{"date":700,"type":22},"2028-02",{"name":47,"class":48},""]