[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-studies-list:{\"conditionNormalized\":\"essential-tremor\",\"overallStatus\":[\"RECRUITING\",\"AVAILABLE\",\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\"],\"orderBy\":\"LastUpdateSubmitDate:desc\",\"size\":25,\"offset\":0}":3,"health-study-condition:essential-tremor":28},{"pageToken":4,"total":5,"offset":6,"count":7,"results":8},null,59,0,25,[9,42,71,104,128,151,171,188,215,236,263,300,323,349,370,394,419,439,466,490,510,537,557,579,600],{"id":10,"slug":11,"hasResults":12,"nctId":13,"briefTitle":14,"officialTitle":15,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":16,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":19,"enrollmentInfo":20,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":24,"briefSummary":26,"conditions":27,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":29,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":30,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":31,"startDateStruct":34,"completionDateStruct":36,"leadSponsor":38,"locationsCount":41},"100652435","non-invasive-neuromodulation-for-essential-tremor-long-term-safety-and-effectiveness-study-100652435",false,"NCT07774598","Non-Invasive Neuromodulation for Essential Tremor: Long-Term Safety and Effectiveness Study","A Prospective, Single-Center, Single-Arm, Open-Label Clinical Study Evaluating the Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Transcutaneous Afferent Patterned Stimulation (TAPS) in Patients With Essential Tremor","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Adults aged ≥18 and \\\u003C75 years\n* Clinical diagnosis of essential tremor (ET), characterized by postural and\u002For kinetic tremor, primarily affecting one or both upper limbs, with or without involvement of other body regions (e.g., head, voice, or lower limbs)\n* At least one major hand task score ≥2 on the TETRAS (The Essential Tremor Rating Assessment Scale), and a score ≥3 on the Bain \\& Findley Activities of Daily Living (BF-ADL) scale\n* Able and willing to provide written informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Presence of implanted electronic medical devices (e.g., deep brain stimulator or cardiac pacemaker)\n* History of thalamotomy or other neurosurgical procedures for tremor\n* History of epilepsy\n* Current treatment with botulinum toxin for upper limb tremor\n* Skin lesions on the upper limb at the stimulation site (e.g., tumors, hemangiomas)\n* Neurological disorders affecting the upper limbs\n* Known allergy to device materials (e.g., silicone, cotton textiles)\n* Pregnant women\n* Intake of caffeine or excessive alcohol within 8 hours prior to enrollment\n* Severe cardiovascular or cerebrovascular diseases, or other significant neurological disorders\n* Inability to comply with study procedures or follow-up","ALL","18 Years","75 Years",{"count":21,"type":22},50,"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[25],"NA","This is a prospective, single-center, single-arm, open-label clinical study designed to evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of non-invasive neuromodulation using transcutaneous afferent patterned stimulation (TAPS) in patients with essential tremor (ET).\n\nEssential tremor is a common movement disorder that can significantly impair daily functioning and quality of life. Pharmacological treatments are often limited by suboptimal efficacy or adverse effects, highlighting the need for alternative therapeutic approaches.\n\nIn this study, eligible participants with essential tremor will receive TAPS treatment over a defined follow-up period. Clinical outcomes, including tremor severity, functional performance, and patient-reported outcomes, will be assessed longitudinally to evaluate treatment effectiveness. Safety will be monitored throughout the study by recording adverse events and device-related complications.\n\nThe results of this study aim to provide clinical evidence regarding the long-term therapeutic potential and safety profile of TAPS as a non-invasive neuromodulation strategy for essential tremor.",[28],"Essential Tremor","RECRUITING","2026-08-17",{"date":32,"type":33},"2026-08-19","ACTUAL",{"date":35,"type":33},"2025-12-15",{"date":37,"type":22},"2027-06-15",{"name":39,"class":40},"Ruijin Hospital","OTHER",1,{"id":43,"slug":44,"hasResults":12,"nctId":45,"briefTitle":46,"officialTitle":46,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":47,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":48,"enrollmentInfo":49,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":51,"briefSummary":52,"conditions":53,"keywords":56,"overallStatus":29,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":61,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":62,"startDateStruct":64,"completionDateStruct":66,"leadSponsor":68,"locationsCount":41},"100177251","deep-brain-stimulation-surgery-for-movement-disorders-100177251","NCT01581580","Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery for Movement Disorders","* INCLUSION CRITERIA:\n\nTo be eligible for entry into the study, candidates must meet all the following criteria:\n\nBe 18 years of age or older.\n\nAble to provide informed consent.\n\nHave a clinical diagnosis of one of the following as confirmed by the NIH movement disorders clinic team and the multi-disciplinary DBS surgical conference, and deemed as appropriate for the use of Deep Brain Stimulation therapy:\n\n* idiopathic PD not adequately controlled with medication or\n* primary dystonia that is medically refractory, or\n* ET that is not adequately controlled by medications or constitutes a significant functional disability.\n\nEXCLUSION CRITERIA:\n\nCandidates will be excluded if they:\n\nAre unable or unwilling to give informed consent to the research procedures.","99 Years",{"count":50,"type":22},200,[25],"Background:\n\n\\- Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an approved surgery for certain movement disorders, like Parkinson's disease, that do not respond well to other treatments. DBS uses a battery-powered device called a neurostimulator (like a pacemaker) that is placed under the skin in the chest. It is used to stimulate the areas of the brain that affect movement. Stimulating these areas helps to block the nerve signals that cause abnormal movements. Researchers also want to record the brain function of people with movement disorders during the surgery.\n\nObjectives:\n\n* To study how DBS surgery affects Parkinson s disease, dystonia, and tremor.\n* To obtain information on brain and nerve cell function during DBS surgery.\n\nEligibility:\n\n\\- People at least 18 years of age who have movement disorders, like Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia.\n\nDesign:\n\n* Researchers will screen patients with physical and neurological exams to decide whether they can have the surgery. Patients will also have a medical history, blood tests, imaging studies, and other tests. Before the surgery, participants will practice movement and memory tests.\n* During surgery, the stimulator will be placed to provide the right amount of stimulation for the brain. Patients will perform the movement and memory tests that they practiced earlier.\n* After surgery, participants will recover in the hospital. They will have a followup visit within 4 weeks to turn on and adjust the stimulator. The stimulator has to be programmed and adjusted over weeks to months to find the best settings.\n* Participants will return for followup visits at 1, 2, and 3 months after surgery. Researchers will test their movement, memory, and general quality of life. Each visit will last about 2 hours.",[54,28,55],"Parkinson's Disease","Dystonia",[54,57,58,59,55,60,28],"Deep Brain Stimulation","Neurophysiology","Movement Disorder","Parkinson Disease","2026-08-12",{"date":63,"type":33},"2026-08-13",{"date":65,"type":33},"2011-08-17",{"date":67,"type":22},"2029-12-01",{"name":69,"class":70},"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)","NIH",{"id":72,"slug":73,"hasResults":12,"nctId":74,"briefTitle":75,"officialTitle":76,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":77,"healthyVolunteers":78,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":79,"enrollmentInfo":80,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":81,"briefSummary":82,"conditions":83,"keywords":88,"overallStatus":29,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":96,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":97,"startDateStruct":98,"completionDateStruct":100,"leadSponsor":102,"locationsCount":41},"100625026","lifus-for-neurological-disorders-100625026","NCT07417280","LIFUS For Neurological Disorders","Clinical Effects of Low-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Neuromodulation in Patients With Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* 18-85 years of age\n* Patients diagnosed with neurological disorders, (such as epilepsy, brain tumour, movement disorders) or psychiatric disorders (such as substance abuse disorder)\n* Patients undergoing medical or surgical treatment (such as DBS) for neurological disorders\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* History of stroke\n* Comorbid dementia\n* Scored below 22 on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)\n* Has an implanted cardiac pacemaker or implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD)\n* Presence of metal implanted in body that is contraindicated in TMS\u002FMRI\n* Pregnancy\n* Major depression\u002Fpsychiatric disorder that in the opinion of the Investigator will affect patient's understanding of study procedures and willingness to abide by all procedures during the course of the study\n* Receiving a psychotropic medication or taking recreational substances that in the opinion of the investigator will significantly affect safety of the protocol\n* Major systemic illness or infection",true,"85 Years",{"count":21,"type":22},[25],"Low intensity focused ultrasound (LIFUS) has the potential to be used as a means of non-invasive neuro-modulation. To this day, the use of LIFUS is under investigation. Studies in healthy subjects have shown that application of LIFUS to the motor region of the brain can mildly decrease neuron excitability in healthy controls. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the effects of LIFUS on brain tissue excitability in patients with movement disorders in order to elucidate the therapeutic potential of LIFUS.",[84,28,85,55,86,87,57],"Parkinson's Disease (PD)","Orthostatic Tremor","Epilepsy","Substance Abuse Disorder",[54,28,85,55,86,87,57,89,90,91,92,93,94,95],"DBS","Substance Use Disorder","SUD","PD","LIFUS","Low-Intensity Focused Ultrasound","Neuromodulation","2026-08-11",{"date":63,"type":33},{"date":99,"type":33},"2025-12-02",{"date":101,"type":22},"2040-12-31",{"name":103,"class":40},"University Health Network, Toronto",{"id":105,"slug":106,"hasResults":12,"nctId":107,"briefTitle":108,"officialTitle":108,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":109,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":110,"maxAge":79,"enrollmentInfo":111,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":113,"briefSummary":114,"conditions":115,"keywords":116,"overallStatus":118,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":119,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":120,"startDateStruct":122,"completionDateStruct":124,"leadSponsor":126,"locationsCount":41},"100626289","image-guided-dbs-programming-100626289","NCT07433699","Image-Guided DBS Programming","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* • Patients from 21-85 years of age\n\n  * ET patients implanted with Boston Scientific DBS electrodes in the VIM thalamus\n  * Proficiency with the English Language\n  * Participant is able to comply with all testing and follow-up requirements as defined by the study protocol\n  * Participant is able to provide voluntary decisionally capable, and appropriately informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:• Vulnerable populations such as children, pregnant women, or prisoners Patient is unwilling or unable to provide consent\n\n\\-","21 Years",{"count":112,"type":22},20,[25],"The objective of this study is to compare the effects of image-guided programming algorithm using various image segmentations vs standard clinical programming on reduction of tremor and patient satisfaction.",[28],[28,89,117],"programming device","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2026-08-03",{"date":121,"type":33},"2026-08-06",{"date":123,"type":22},"2026-09-01",{"date":125,"type":22},"2027-08-30",{"name":127,"class":40},"University of Pennsylvania",{"id":129,"slug":130,"hasResults":12,"nctId":131,"briefTitle":132,"officialTitle":133,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":134,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":4,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":135,"targetDuration":136,"studyType":137,"phases":4,"briefSummary":138,"conditions":139,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":29,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":119,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":141,"startDateStruct":143,"completionDateStruct":145,"leadSponsor":147,"locationsCount":150},"100558630","radiofrequency-rf-ablation-prospective-outcomes-study-for-central-nervous-system---rapid-for-cns-100558630","NCT06553625","Radiofrequency (RF) Ablation Prospective Outcomes Study for Central Nervous System - RAPID for CNS","Radiofrequency (RF) Ablation Prospective Outcomes Study for Central Nervous System","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Study candidate is scheduled to be treated with a commercially approved Boston Scientific RF system for pain or for CNS applications per local Directions for Use (DFU)\n* Signed a valid, IRB\u002FEC\u002FREB-approved informed consent form\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Meets any contraindications per locally applicable Directions for Use (DFU)\n* Currently diagnosed with cognitive impairment, or exhibits any characteristic, that would limit study candidate's ability to assess pain relief or to complete study assessments",{"count":50,"type":22},"24 Months","OBSERVATIONAL","The objective of this study is to compile real-world outcomes of Boston Scientific commercially approved radiofrequency (RF) ablation systems used in the central nervous system (CNS) for use in functional neurosurgery.",[60,55,28,140],"Movement Disorders",{"date":142,"type":33},"2026-08-04",{"date":144,"type":33},"2024-01-29",{"date":146,"type":22},"2035-12",{"name":148,"class":149},"Boston Scientific Corporation","INDUSTRY",4,{"id":152,"slug":153,"hasResults":12,"nctId":154,"briefTitle":155,"officialTitle":156,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":157,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":158,"targetDuration":160,"studyType":137,"phases":4,"briefSummary":161,"conditions":162,"keywords":163,"overallStatus":29,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":119,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":165,"startDateStruct":166,"completionDateStruct":168,"leadSponsor":170,"locationsCount":112},"100364994","boston-scientific-registry-of-deep-brain-stimulation-for-treatment-of-essential-tremor-et-100364994","NCT04032470","Boston Scientific Registry of Deep Brain Stimulation for Treatment of Essential Tremor (ET)","Boston Scientific Registry of Deep Brain Stimulations for Treatment of Essential Tremor (ET):ET Registry","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Meets criteria established in the locally applicable Directions for Use (DFU) for Essential Tremor\n* Is at least 18 years old\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Meets any contraindication in locally applicable Directions for Use",{"count":159,"type":22},500,"3 Years","To compile characteristics of real-world outcomes for Boston Scientific Corporation's commercially approved Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) Systems, when used according to the applicable Directions for Use, for the treatment of Essential Tremor.",[28],[57,164,28],"Boston Scientific",{"date":142,"type":33},{"date":167,"type":33},"2019-10-23",{"date":169,"type":22},"2029-12",{"name":148,"class":149},{"id":172,"slug":173,"hasResults":12,"nctId":174,"briefTitle":175,"officialTitle":175,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":176,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":4,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":177,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":137,"phases":4,"briefSummary":179,"conditions":180,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":29,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":119,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":181,"startDateStruct":182,"completionDateStruct":184,"leadSponsor":186,"locationsCount":187},"100336760","deep-brain-stimulation-dbs-retrospective-outcomes-study-100336760","NCT03664609","Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) Retrospective Outcomes Study","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Must be previously treated with or eligible for implantation with a deep brain stimulation system\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* No Exclusion Criteria",{"count":178,"type":22},5000,"The primary objective of this study is to characterize real-world clinical outcomes of Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) using retrospective review of de-identified patient records.",[60,28,55],{"date":142,"type":33},{"date":183,"type":33},"2019-03-12",{"date":185,"type":22},"2028-12",{"name":148,"class":149},19,{"id":189,"slug":190,"hasResults":12,"nctId":191,"briefTitle":192,"officialTitle":193,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":194,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":110,"maxAge":195,"enrollmentInfo":196,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":197,"briefSummary":198,"conditions":199,"keywords":202,"overallStatus":29,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":206,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":207,"startDateStruct":209,"completionDateStruct":211,"leadSponsor":213,"locationsCount":41},"100564948","circadian-adaptive-dbs-in-essential-tremor-100564948","NCT06635811","Circadian Adaptive DBS in Essential Tremor","Circadian Adaptive Deep Brain Stimulation in Essential Tremor","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Diagnosis of Essential Tremor confirmed by a Movement Disorders specialist following established criteria recommended by the Movement Disorders Society\n* Patients implanted with unilateral or bilateral VIM DBS leads attached to the Medtronic Percept DBS device for the treatment of Essential Tremor\n* Patients with clinical benefit of DBS as defined by a 30% improvement on the TRS or TETRAS at least 3 months after DBS implantation\n* DBS programmed in a monopolar configuration allowing chronic brain sensing (C+1- or C+2- in ring mode or any direction)\n* Be between 21 and 89 years old\n* Ability to give informed consent for the study\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Inability to comply with the study protocol\n* Pregnancy: all women of childbearing potential will have a negative urine pregnancy test prior to undergoing the study\n* Current active suicidal ideation (Yes to #2-5 on C-SSRS)\n* Any personality or mood symptoms that study personnel believe will interfere with study requirements","89 Years",{"count":7,"type":22},[25],"Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the thalamus is an effective treatment for medically refractory essential tremor (ET). DBS involves delivering continuous stimulation to the brain through electrodes permanently implanted in the thalamus. Despite proven effectiveness, the long-term benefit of DBS can wane over time (habituation) and side effects, including paresthesia and dysarthria, often limit the amplitude of the stimulation, resulting in suboptimal control of tremor. In clinical practice, many groups advise patients to switch their devices off at night to avoid habituation and reduce side effects. However, manually turning off the device at night can result in uncontrolled tremor when the patient moves at night.\n\nThis study aims to develop an algorithm that automatically turns off stimulation when a patient is asleep, based on circadian brain signals. Turning off stimulation could potentially improve the therapy by limiting adverse effects, increasing efficacy, reducing the risk of habituation, and prolonging battery life. This study will evaluate the feasibility, safety, and tolerability of circadian adaptive DBS.",[28,200,201],"Essential Tremor (ET)","Essential Tremor, Movement Disorders",[57,89,203,204,205],"Adaptive DBS","Adaptive Deep Brain Stimulation","Circadian","2026-07-29",{"date":208,"type":33},"2026-07-30",{"date":210,"type":33},"2025-05-01",{"date":212,"type":22},"2029-10",{"name":214,"class":40},"University of Florida",{"id":216,"slug":217,"hasResults":12,"nctId":218,"briefTitle":219,"officialTitle":220,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":221,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":222,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":224,"briefSummary":225,"conditions":226,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":29,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":227,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":228,"startDateStruct":229,"completionDateStruct":231,"leadSponsor":233,"locationsCount":235},"100591014","embrace-tremor-bifus-100591014","NCT06974916","EMBRACE Tremor BiFUS","International, Multicenter, Investigator Blinded, Randomized And Controlled Essential Tremor Trial With Staged-Bilateral FUS","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Men and women with an age of 18 years or older (according to local labeling).\n2. Willing to participate in the study (i.e., signed ICF). (Willing to be randomized).\n3. Patient is able to undergo a high-resolution Computerized Tomography (CT) scan.\n4. Patient is able to fit into MRI unit and comply with all contraindications for the specific magnetic resonance (MR) system including and limited to contrast medium should there be needed.\n5. The thalamus, sub-thalamus and the pallidum must be apparent on MR imaging.\n6. Patient is able to communicate sensations to the physician during the procedure; Procedure does not require general anesthesia.\n7. Patient must be able to use the Stop Sonication button freely.\n8. Patient willing to have their head shaved prior to the actual treatment.\n9. Patient has no history for claustrophobia which is not responding to medications.\n10. ET patients who are eligible for second side staged bilateral Exablate thalamotomy treatment (according to local labeling). Time since first intervention is at least 9 months.\n11. Available tremor assessment prior to the unilateral Exablate thalamotomy.\n12. Patients randomized to the study, irrespective of group allocation should be willing and able to remain in the study for at least 6 months and able to complete the required assessments.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Subject experienced any non-transient neurological event or worsening following the previous Exablate procedure.\n2. Patients with MRI related contraindications (e.g. presence of metallic implants incompatibility with MRI, severe claustrophobia, reaction to contrast medium).\n3. Patients in whom it is not possible to avoid energy absorbing structures or sensitive tissues (e.g., skull implants, surgical clips, shunts, electrodes, dura patch, skull patch, electrodes, etc.) from the path of the ultrasound beam.\n4. Patients with concurrent active infections disease and\u002For severe allergies with fever.\n5. Patients that have been diagnosed with brain tumors or a vascular anomaly.\n6. Patients with a history of seizures, brain hemorrhages, stroke within the past year, or any coagulopathy.\n7. Patients under anticoagulants and\u002For anti-platelets drugs known to increase bleeding risk within the duration defined by the half-life of the specific drugs.\n8. Patient that has been given any contrast agent (e.g., CT, MRI), within 24 hours before treatment\n9. Severe unstable hypertension that cannot be controlled by medications (diastolic Blood Pressure \\> 100 on medication).\n10. Patients with unstable cardiac status.\n11. Patients exhibiting any behavior(s) consistent with ethanol or substance abuse.\n12. Cerebrovascular disease (multiple CVA or CVA within 6 months).\n13. Patients with risk factors for intraoperative or postoperative bleeding.\n14. Imaging shows abnormal finding in CT or\u002Fand MRI (e.g., brain tumor, brain vascular malformation, shunt, etc.).\n15. Patient has physical subscale score ≥ 16.5 on the Dysphagia Handicap Index or has been diagnosed with dysphagia.\n16. Patient with cognitive impairment.\n17. Patient with clinically significant abnormal speech function as determined by a speech pathologist.",{"count":223,"type":22},100,[25],"This is a post-market (Phase IV) randomized, controlled, blinded, multicenter study with the aim to determine the added value of staged bilateral Exablate thalamotomy compared to a group of patients on previous unilateral treatment combined with local standard medical treatment.",[28],"2026-07-28",{"date":206,"type":33},{"date":230,"type":33},"2025-04-22",{"date":232,"type":22},"2028-03",{"name":234,"class":149},"InSightec",13,{"id":237,"slug":238,"hasResults":12,"nctId":239,"briefTitle":240,"officialTitle":241,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":242,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":195,"enrollmentInfo":243,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":245,"briefSummary":246,"conditions":247,"keywords":248,"overallStatus":29,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":254,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":255,"startDateStruct":257,"completionDateStruct":259,"leadSponsor":261,"locationsCount":41},"100435966","motor-network-physiology-100435966","NCT04957095","Motor Network Physiology","Motor Network Physiology Characterization During Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Diagnosis of Parkinson's disease who have been recommended to undergo deep brain stimulation for management of their movement disorder\n* Preoperative MRI without evidence of cortical or subdural adhesions or vascular abnormalities\n* Willingness and ability to cooperate during conscious operative procedure for up to 40 minutes\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients with recent use (within one week) of anticoagulant or antiplatelet agents\n* Neurocognitive testing indicating amnestic cognitive deficits",{"count":244,"type":22},120,[25],"The brain networks controlling movement are complex, involving multiple areas of the brain. Some neurological disorders, like Parkinson's disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET), cause abnormalities in these brain networks. Deep brain stimulation is a treatment that is used to treat these types of neurological diseases and is thought to help patients by modulating brain networks responsible for movement. Levodopa medication is also used to modulate this brain networks in patients with PD. The overall objective is to develop a unified theory of basal ganglia thalamocortical (BGTC) circuit dynamics that accounts for disease symptomatology, movement, and their inter-relationship. The underlying hypothesis, is that the rigidity and bradykinesia of PD are fundamentally related to excessive functional coupling across nodes in the BGTC motor circuit impeding effective information flow. In this research, the investigator will take advantage of the unique opportunity provided by awake deep brain stimulation surgery to learn more about how the brain functions in a diseased state and how deep brain stimulation changes these networks to make movement more normal. The investigator will simultaneously assess cortical and subcortical electrophysiology in relation to clinical symptoms and behavioral measures and in response to deep brain stimulation, cortical stimulation, and pharmacologic therapy in patients undergoing Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) implantation surgery.",[60,28],[249,250,251,252,253],"deep brain stimulation","levodopa medication","motor cortex","basal ganglia","thalamus","2026-07-20",{"date":256,"type":33},"2026-07-22",{"date":258,"type":33},"2022-02-18",{"date":260,"type":22},"2028-12-01",{"name":262,"class":40},"University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center",{"id":264,"slug":265,"hasResults":12,"nctId":266,"briefTitle":267,"officialTitle":268,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":269,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":270,"enrollmentInfo":271,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":273,"briefSummary":275,"conditions":276,"keywords":284,"overallStatus":118,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":292,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":293,"startDateStruct":295,"completionDateStruct":297,"leadSponsor":299,"locationsCount":41},"100648608","early-phase-1-human-cognition-during-surgery-stimulation-based-and-cholinergic-modulation-100648608","NCT07721272","Human Cognition During Surgery: Stimulation-based and Cholinergic Modulation","Studying Human Cognition During Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery Using High-Density Neural Probes and Pharmacological Interventions","Study Population\n\nInclusion Criteria for Essential Tremor Patients:\n\n* Diagnosis of Essential Tremor\n* Recommended to undergo deep brain stimulation implantation surgery for surgical management of medication-resistant tremor based on clinical indications\n\nExclusion Criteria for Essential Tremor Patients:\n\n* Patients with recent use (within one week) of anticoagulant or antiplatelet agent\n* Contraindication to use of cholinergic modulation\n\nInclusion Criteria for Epilepsy Patients\n\n* Diagnosis of intractable epilepsy\n* Undergoing neuromodulation procedure that utilizes insertion of electrodes into subcortical structures, including the thalamus or hippocampus\n* Undergoing neuromodulation procedure that utilizes frame-based insertion of electrodes into the thalamus (ANT or CM)\n\nExclusion Criteria for Epilepsy Patients:\n\n* Patients with recent use (within one week) of anticoagulant or antiplatelet agent\n* Contraindication to use of cholinergic modulation\n\nContraindication for cholinergic modulation in both patient sets will be assessed by members of the treatment team (e.g. epileptologist), as well as a neuroanesthesiologist. Multiple medications and conditions are singular disqualifiers; however some medications are eliminated only in combination following neuroanesthesiologist evaluation. Patients at risk of reaction to the treatment arm based on concurrent or recent medications or other health conditions will be excluded from participation.\n\nInclusion Criteria for Study Participation\n\n* Is patient between 18-70?\n* In general good health, aside from history of epilepsy or essential tremor, as ascertained by medical history, physical exam, clinical labs, and ECG?\n* Candidate for surgery as determined independently by the patient's treating physician\u002Fclinical team as part of the patient's routine medical care?\n* Able to read, understand, and provide written, dated informed consent, and participate in cognitive tasks?\n\nExclusion Criteria for Study Participation\n\n* Female that is pregnant, breastfeeding, or has a positive pregnancy test?\n* Under 18, over 70, or currently a prisoner on medical release?\n* Hepatic impairment (moderate or severe)?\n* Renal impairment (moderate or severe)?\n* Untreated narrow angle glaucoma?\n* Bladder obstruction, prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), diabetic cystopathy, pre-existing urinary retention?\n* History of hypersensitivity to COBENFY or trospium chloride?\n* Biliary disease, including symptomatic gallstones, gallbladder disorders, pancreatitis?\n* Fluoxetine, paroxetine, bupropion, terbinafine?\n* Buspirone or eletriptan?\n* Digoxin, colchicine, apixaban?\n* Diphenhydramine, beztropine, oxybutynin?\n* Benztropine, trihexyphenidyl, tolterodine, solifenacin, darifenacin, fesoterodine, hyoscyamine, dicyclomine, scopolamine?","70 Years",{"count":272,"type":22},30,[274],"EARLY_PHASE1","This is a research study to determine how COBENFY KarXT (FDA approved), a drug which has been approved for treatment of certain disorders, affects brain activity and cognitive tasks which may be regulated by the cholinergic system.\n\nThis study aims to answer: 1) how cholinergic circuitries act during task performance in humans, and 2) develop a better understanding of how cognitive control interacts with learning, memory and decision making in the setting of cholinergic manipulation.\n\nParticipants will complete a single treatment arm, regardless of which surgical procedure they are to receive. An anesthesiologist or other clinical staff will administer either the drug or the saline at a critical point which addresses the research questions, prior to patient surgery. This will be either with the drug, or the placebo pill. Half of the participants will be randomized to receive the drug, and the other half of these the placebo. Participants will be unaware whether the actual drug has been received.\n\nEssential tremor patients who participate will complete a cognitive task during an awake surgery. Epilepsy patients who participate will have a resting state recording during the procedure from the deep cortical layers of the brain. A probe will be used during the surgery to measure the effects of this drug and other procedures of the study on the cholinergic system. This probe is the clinical probe known as the AlphaOmega, which is FDA approved for standard of care procedures.\n\nResearchers will compare the brain activity between treatment arms to determine what brain activity changes based on the cholinergic manipulation.",[86,28,277,278,279,280,281,282,283],"Seizures","Memory Consolidation","Memory Disorders","Memory Replay","Memory Encoding","Cognitive Control","Motor Abilities",[285,286,287,288,289,290,291],"interoperative","oscillatory changes","neuronal spiking","time cell","place cell","cholinergic agonist","cholinergic modulation","2026-07-17",{"date":294,"type":33},"2026-07-23",{"date":296,"type":22},"2026-10",{"date":298,"type":22},"2030-09",{"name":262,"class":40},{"id":301,"slug":302,"hasResults":12,"nctId":303,"briefTitle":304,"officialTitle":304,"acronym":305,"eligibilityCriteria":306,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":110,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":307,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":309,"briefSummary":311,"conditions":312,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":29,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":314,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":315,"startDateStruct":317,"completionDateStruct":319,"leadSponsor":321,"locationsCount":41},"100596709","phase-1-deep-brain-stimulation-of-the-deep-cerebellar-nuclei-for-refractory-tremor-100596709","NCT07049003","Deep Brain Stimulation of the Deep Cerebellar Nuclei for Refractory Tremor","rT DBS","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age 21 years and older;\n* Ability to give informed consent;\n* Diagnosis of ET, cerebellar tremor, or MS-related tremor with a failed a prior intervention (VIM DBS or HIFU thalamotomy) or determined to not be suitable candidates for VIM DBS or HIFU thalamotomy because they have a cerebellar outflow or MS-related tremor.\n* Tremor history of at least three years;\n* Tremor that is refractory to medical management;\n* A score of ≥24 on the Mini Mental State Examination;\n* Inability to successfully perform ADLs without assistance or has lost interest in social, professional, or personal activities due to tremor\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Any other neurological condition that could reduce the safety of study participation including central nervous system vasculitis and intracranial malignancy\n* A condition that, in the opinion of the clinical investigator, would significantly increase the risk or interfere with study compliance, safety, or outcome;\n* A diagnosis of dementia;\n* Tremors due to other neurological conditions such as Parkinson's disease, dystonia, or other conditions not consistent with ET, cerebellar outflow tremor, or MS-related tremor.\n* Diagnosis of epilepsy;\n* Major active and untreated psychiatric illness that may interfere with study, such as psychotic disorders or severe personality disorders;\n* Untreated or inadequately treated depression defined by a score of 20 or greater on the Beck Depression Inventory-II at the time of enrollment;\n* At risk for suicide defined by a score greater or equal to 3 on the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS);\n* Pregnancy;\n* Unable to communicate with investigators or staff;\n* Surgical contraindications to DN DBS;\n* Contraindication to magnetic resonance (MRI) imaging, e.g., weight incompatible with scanner, implanted metallic devices or electrical devices (pacemaker, defibrillator, spinal cord stimulator, prior DBS) or intolerance to MRI contrast agent;\n* Enrolled in another device, biologic or pharmaceutical study within 30 days of consent in the current study, (i.e., patient cannot be enrolled if participation in another study was not completed at least 30 days prior to consent.);\n* Evidence of behavior(s) consistent with alcohol or substance abuse\u002Fdependence as defined by the criteria outlined in the DSM-V within the preceding six months;\n* Injection of botulinum toxins into the arm, neck or face within six months prior to baseline;",{"count":308,"type":22},12,[310],"PHASE1","This objective of this study is to document the safety and feasibility of electrical stimulation of the deep cerebellar nuclei for refractory tremor using the Medtronic Percept RC Deep Brain Stimulation System. The population will consist of patients that have either failed a prior intervention (Vim DBS or HIFU thalamotomy) or determined to not be suitable candidates for Vim DBS or HIFU thalamotomy because they have a cerebellar outflow or MS-related tremor. Those patients with a previous intervention, must have a prior diagnosis of ET, cerebellar outflow tremor, or MS-related tremor. Subjects without a previous intervention must have a diagnosis of cerebellar outflow tremor or MS-related tremor.",[313,28],"Tremor","2026-07-09",{"date":316,"type":33},"2026-07-10",{"date":318,"type":33},"2026-01-15",{"date":320,"type":22},"2029-12-31",{"name":322,"class":40},"The Cleveland Clinic",{"id":324,"slug":325,"hasResults":12,"nctId":326,"briefTitle":327,"officialTitle":327,"acronym":328,"eligibilityCriteria":329,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":330,"maxAge":79,"enrollmentInfo":331,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":137,"phases":4,"briefSummary":333,"conditions":334,"keywords":336,"overallStatus":29,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":339,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":340,"startDateStruct":342,"completionDateStruct":344,"leadSponsor":346,"locationsCount":348},"100625885","analysis-of-cutaneous-phosphorylated-alpha-synuclein-to-identify-patients-at-risk-of-progressing-from-essential-tremor-to-parkinsons-disease-100625885","NCT07428447","Analysis of Cutaneous Phosphorylated Alpha-Synuclein to Identify Patients at Risk of Progressing From Essential Tremor to Parkinson's Disease","Syn-T","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age 50-85 years old\n* Diagnosis of ET as defined by the 2018 MDS Task force paper \"1) isolated tremor syndrome of bilateral upper limb action tremor 2) at least 3 years' duration 3) with or without tremor in other locations (e.g., head, voice, or lower limbs) 4) absence of other neurological signs, such as dystonia, ataxia, or parkinsonism.\" OR\n* Diagnosis of ET-Plus as stated by the 2018 MDS Task force paper, \"Tremor with the characteristics of ET and additional neurological signs of uncertain significance such as impaired tandem gait, questionable dystonic posturing, memory impairment, or other mild neurologic signs of unknown significance that do not suffice to make an additional syndrome classification or diagnosis. ET with tremor at rest should be classified here.\"\n* Willing to participate in all study procedures\n* Able and willing to provide written informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Under age 50, Over age 85\n* Clinical evidence of severe peripheral vascular disease\n* Clinically active coronary artery or cerebrovascular disease\n* Participant is currently on anticoagulant or dual anti-platelet therapy\n* Alcoholism\n* Allergic reaction to local anesthesia\n* History of or increased risk for impaired wound healing, scarring, or keloid formation\n* Diagnosis of ET or ET-Plus that is clinically determined to likely be secondary to brain injury or vascular compromise\n* History of other neurodegenerative disorder or evidence of neurological co-pathology\n* Abnormal DaTscan\n* Participant is currently receiving treatment with carbidopa-levodopa for PD\n* Isolated focal tremors (head, voice)\n* Task-specific tremor (e.g., primary writing tremor)\n* Position-specific tremors that does not otherwise meet clinical diagnostic criteria for ET\n* Sudden onset and step-wise deterioration","50 Years",{"count":332,"type":22},300,"Background and Rationale Essential tremor (ET) affects over 6 million Americans and approximately 5% of adults over age 60. Patients with ET have a 10-20 times higher risk of developing Parkinson's disease (PD) compared to age-matched populations, with approximately 1% converting to PD annually. Post-mortem studies reveal Lewy body pathology in some ET patients, suggesting a subset may have prodromal PD. Current diagnostic tools (DaTscan, SYNTap) are either insufficiently sensitive for early disease, too expensive, or too invasive for routine screening. The Syn-One Test offers a minimally invasive approach to detect phosphorylated α-synuclein (P-SYN) pathology in skin biopsies.\n\nPrimary Objectives\n\n1. Identify which ET patients have P-SYN pathology indicative of prodromal PD\n2. Predict which patients are most likely to phenoconvert to PD",[201,28,335],"Essential Tremor-plus",[337,338],"skin biopsy","Syn-One","2026-07-06",{"date":341,"type":33},"2026-07-08",{"date":343,"type":33},"2026-02-18",{"date":345,"type":22},"2029-02",{"name":347,"class":40},"CND Life Sciences",2,{"id":350,"slug":351,"hasResults":12,"nctId":352,"briefTitle":353,"officialTitle":353,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":354,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":110,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":355,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":357,"briefSummary":358,"conditions":359,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":29,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":361,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":362,"startDateStruct":364,"completionDateStruct":366,"leadSponsor":368,"locationsCount":41},"100508235","phase-1-coordinated-reset-deep-brain-stimulation-for-essential-tremor-100508235","NCT05897775","Coordinated Reset Deep Brain Stimulation for Essential Tremor","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Diagnosis of essential tremor (ET)\n* Age of 21 or over\n* Will be or has been implanted with Boston Scientific Vercise Rechargeable Genus deep brain stimulation (DBS) system\n* 7 Tesla (7T) MRI pre-operative scan under Noam Harel PhD's Center for Magnetic Research (University of Minnesota IRB #1210M22183) protocol \"Imaging of DBS targets at 7T MRI\"\n* Planned post-operative CT scan\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* History of musculoskeletal disorders that affect movement of the limbs or gait\n* Other significant neurological disorder\n* History of dementia or cognitive impairment that precludes them from getting DBS surgery\n* Significant psychiatric disease\n* On medication that could cause tremor\n* Prior brain surgery\n* Pregnant women\n* Evidence of non-ET central nervous system disease or injury for at least three (3) months prior to implantation\n* Any suspicion of Parkinsonian tremor, including presence of Parkinsonian features such as bradykinesia, rigidity, or postural instability\n* Other significant medical disorder that could impede study participation",{"count":356,"type":22},23,[310],"Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a surgical procedure for the treatment of Essential Tremor (ET). A novel approach to current DBS approaches is called coordinated reset DBS (CR-DBS) which uses different patterns of stimulation at lower currents and can address the limitations of traditional DBS that uses continuous high amplitude, high frequency stimulation. This study will evaluate the feasibility, safety and short-term efficacy of thalamic CR-DBS in upper extremity ET. The goal of this study is to evaluate the safety and short-term efficacy of thalamic CR- DBS in ET, including the acute (during CR-DBS) and carryover (following DBS cessation) effects, and compare these to those induced by clinically optimized T-DBS. To achieve our goal, a low-risk, two-phase clinical study will be conducted in patients with upper extremity (UE) ET. The first aim is to identify the spatial location and peak frequency of tremor related oscillatory activities in VIM (Phase I). The second aim is to compare the acute effects of thalamic CR-DBS to clinically optimized T-DBS (Phase II).",[28,360],"Upper Extremity Essential Tremor","2026-06-09",{"date":363,"type":33},"2026-06-10",{"date":365,"type":33},"2023-09-11",{"date":367,"type":22},"2028-12-31",{"name":369,"class":40},"University of Minnesota",{"id":371,"slug":372,"hasResults":12,"nctId":373,"briefTitle":374,"officialTitle":374,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":375,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":376,"enrollmentInfo":377,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":378,"briefSummary":379,"conditions":380,"keywords":381,"overallStatus":29,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":385,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":386,"startDateStruct":388,"completionDateStruct":390,"leadSponsor":392,"locationsCount":41},"100640609","early-phase-1-open-label-study-for-the-use-of-low-intensity-focused-ultrasound-for-essential-tremor-100640609","NCT07599592","Open Label Study for the Use of Low Intensity Focused Ultrasound for Essential Tremor","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Confirmed clinical diagnosis of ET\n2. Isolated tremor syndrome, at least 3 years duration\n3. Subjective complaint of tremor assessed and validated by physician\n4. Must be willing to comply with the study protocol\n5. English Proficiency\n6. At least 18 years of age\n7. At most 90 years of age\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Severe microvascular disease or structural brain lesions equivalent to Fazekas scale of 3 or higher in the periventicular or deep white matter.\n2. Subjects on blood thinning medications (e.g. Eliquis)\n3. Recent stroke (within the last 6 months)\n4. Implanted electrodes (e.g. DBS) in brain\n5. History of aneurysm\n6. History of cranial trauma resulting in fracture or traumatic brain injury\n7. Subjects who are unable to cooperate with the testing.\n8. Subjects who lack capacity to consent\n9. Subjects with severe cardiac disease, increased intracranial pressure, or using a transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) unit.\n10. Severe cardiac disease will be defined as any of the following:\n\n    i) History of myocardial infarction within the past 6 months ii) Diagnosis of congestive heart failure with NYHA Class III or IV symptoms iii) History of unstable angina, life-threatening arrhythmias, or use of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) iv) Uncontrolled hypertension (SBP \\>180 mmHg or DBP \\>110 mmHg) despite medication v) Any condition judged by the study physician to place the subject at increased risk from study participation\n11. Subjects with implanted medical devices\n12. Subjects with a history of seizure disorder.\n13. Subjects with contraindications to enter MRI environment\n14. Subjects with a history of substance abuse.\n15. Subjects who are currently pregnant. This will be verified by a urine test prior to beginning the study.","90 Years",{"count":112,"type":22},[274],"This open-label pilot study will evaluate the safety, tolerability, feasibility, and preliminary efficacy of repeated low-intensity focused ultrasound pulsation (LIFUP) targeting the ventral intermediate nucleus (Vim) of the thalamus in patients with Essential Tremor (ET). Twelve adults with clinically diagnosed ET will undergo six LIFUP treatment sessions over approximately two weeks using the BrainSonix BX Pulsar 1002 system. Tremor severity will be assessed using clinician-rated scales (TETRAS and FTM), patient-reported quality-of-life measures (QUEST), and objective accelerometry before and after treatment sessions, with additional follow-up visits at one and three months post-treatment. MRI scans will be performed at baseline and after the final treatment session to monitor safety. The study aims to characterize whether non-ablative focused ultrasound can safely and transiently modulate tremor-related thalamic circuits and provide preliminary evidence supporting future controlled trials of LIFUP for ET.",[28],[382,383,384,313,59],"Brainsonix","tFUS","Focused Ultrasound","2026-05-14",{"date":387,"type":33},"2026-05-20",{"date":389,"type":33},"2026-05-01",{"date":391,"type":22},"2027-06-01",{"name":393,"class":40},"University of California, Los Angeles",{"id":395,"slug":396,"hasResults":12,"nctId":397,"briefTitle":398,"officialTitle":398,"acronym":399,"eligibilityCriteria":400,"healthyVolunteers":78,"sex":17,"minAge":401,"maxAge":402,"enrollmentInfo":403,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":137,"phases":4,"briefSummary":405,"conditions":406,"keywords":407,"overallStatus":29,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":412,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":413,"startDateStruct":415,"completionDateStruct":417,"leadSponsor":418,"locationsCount":41},"100538653","functional-brain-network-changes-in-patients-undergoing-deep-brain-stimulation-for-essential-tremor-100538653","NCT06293638","Functional Brain Network Changes in Patients Undergoing Deep Brain Stimulation for Essential Tremor","TRaNCE","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Between 30 and 80 years of age;\n* Ability to provide informed consent;\n* Clinical diagnosis of ET by a movement disorders neurologist with a disease duration of at least 3 years and being treated with a DBS; OR\n* Clinical diagnosis of ET by a movement disorders neurologist with a disease duration of at least 3 years and not being treated with a DBS; OR\n* No known neurological disease or disorder.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* The individual has a condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, would significantly increase the risk for interference with study compliance, safety, or outcome;\n* Presence of active psychiatric symptoms meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-4th Edition (DSM-IV) criteria for Axis-I disorder on formal psychiatric evaluation other than depression or anxiety;\n* History of cognitive impairment meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-4th Edition (DSM-IV) criteria for dementia on formal neuropsychological evaluation, as documented in chart;\n* Lack of English-language fluency which would interfere with the ability to understand the study consenting process and potential study risks;\n* Hearing or visual impairment precluding testing;\n* Motor impairment impacting test responses (i.e., orthopedic injury or disease);\n* Anyone currently taking medications with Antabuse-like effects (e.g. Flagyl, Bactrim, Tindamax) will be excluded from any alcohol administration.","30 Years","80 Years",{"count":404,"type":22},55,"The purpose of this study is to collect electrophysiological data related to functional brain network changes in patients undergoing deep brain stimulation for the treatment of essential tremor. Participants will either 1) have electroencephalography (EEG) scalp electrodes placed, or 2) remain seated with their head inside of a magnetoencephalography (MEG) recording system, as resting-state and task-related data are acquired. Spontaneous electrophysiological activity will be recorded in both the eyes open and eyes closed conditions with the participant seated comfortably. These recordings will be repeated in the DBS OFF and DBS ON states, with the ON state involving specific settings identified as optimal, sub-optimal, or ineffective at achieving tremor control. They will also be repeated following the optional administration non-DBS tremor mitigation techniques, which may include one or more of the following: 1) cooling the limb, 2) oral administration of alprazolam, 3) oral consumption of ethanol (alcohol), or 4) peripheral nerve stimulation.",[28],[408,249,89,409,410,411],"essential tremor","ET","tremor","hand tremors","2026-05-05",{"date":414,"type":33},"2026-05-08",{"date":416,"type":33},"2024-03-25",{"date":367,"type":22},{"name":322,"class":40},{"id":420,"slug":421,"hasResults":12,"nctId":422,"briefTitle":423,"officialTitle":424,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":425,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":426,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":427,"briefSummary":428,"conditions":429,"keywords":430,"overallStatus":29,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":389,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":431,"startDateStruct":433,"completionDateStruct":435,"leadSponsor":437,"locationsCount":41},"100640749","closed-loop-tms-for-tremor-100640749","NCT07574164","Closed-loop TMS for Tremor","Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for the Treatment of Tremo","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* having either essential tremor or Parkinson's disease\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* contraindications to brain stimulation",{"count":112,"type":22},[25],"This study investigates the potential of phase-locked transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) as a non-invasive intervention for tremor in patients with Essential Tremor (ET) and Parkinson's Disease (PD). Tremor is a prevalent symptom that significantly impacts physical function and social participation. ET affects approximately 1% of the global population and worsens with age, while PD tremor is often less responsive to conventional dopaminergic therapy. Current treatments, including oral medications (propranolol, primidone), anticholinergics, and deep brain stimulation (DBS), are either limited by efficacy, side effects, or invasiveness. These challenges highlight the need for alternative, less invasive therapeutic options.\n\nThe rationale for the study is based on the principle of phase-dependent neural modulation. Just as a swing's amplitude can be increased or decreased depending on when it is pushed, neural oscillations underlying tremor can theoretically be suppressed by precisely timed stimulation. Previous studies have shown that TMS over the motor cortex at tremor frequency (\\~5 Hz) produces modest improvements in PD rest tremor. This study aims to enhance these effects by targeting amplitude-suppressing phases in the tremor cycle, potentially leading to greater and cumulative tremor reduction.\n\nThe study has two components:\n\nStudy 1 (Primary Objective): Determine whether phase-locked TMS can acutely reduce tremor. Participants (20 ET, 20 PD) will undergo two visits where tremor is recorded via inertial measurement units (IMUs) and surface EMG. TMS will be delivered over the motor cortex at or below active motor threshold, synchronized to the participant's tremor phase. The primary outcome is the change in tremor power during stimulation compared to no stimulation, measured objectively via IMU signals.\n\nStudy 2 (Secondary Objective): Examine whether stimulation at the maximal tremor-suppressing phase, identified in Study 1, produces a larger reduction in tremor amplitude than stimulation at the minimal suppressing phase or sham stimulation. This will involve three additional sessions per participant, randomized for order, with outcomes assessed via IMU tremor power and participant-reported measures including the Quality of Life in Essential Tremor Questionnaire (QUEST), TETRAS, and Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS).\n\nStudy Design and Procedures: The design is a within-subject crossover. Participants may withhold tremor medications during visits to reduce confounding effects. EMG electrodes and IMU sensors will record tremor, while a figure-of-eight TMS coil will deliver phase-locked pulses. Phase-specific stimulation trains are applied for 3 seconds at intervals, with randomized order across multiple blocks. Study sessions last under two hours, including setup and post-stimulation recordings.\n\nParticipants are recruited via self-referral or through DeNDRoN, screened for eligibility, and provide informed consent. Inclusion criteria require symptomatic ET or PD tremor, age ≥18, and ability to consent. Exclusion criteria include epilepsy, psychiatric illness, metal implants, pacemakers, or other conditions contraindicating TMS. Participants may withdraw at any time without penalty.\n\nSafety Measures: TMS and IMU recordings are low-risk, with potential minor effects including scalp tapping sensations, muscle twitches, or mild headaches, which are managed through monitoring and coil adjustment. Serious adverse events are defined, and procedures for reporting and auditing are established in accordance with UK regulations and Good Clinical Practice.\n\nData Analysis: Tremor power will be quantified from IMU recordings using spectral analysis. Statistical comparisons between stimulation conditions and baseline will be conducted using paired t-tests or Wilcoxon tests. The study will employ validated software for randomization and analysis (SPSS, Matlab). Data will be pseudo-anonymized, securely stored, and archived for long-term research use.\n\nEthical Considerations: The study follows the Declaration of Helsinki, Good Clinical Practice, and institutional approvals. Participants' privacy and data protection are ensured under GDPR standards. There are no commercial conflicts of interest, and participants are reimbursed for travel expenses.\n\nIn summary, this research aims to evaluate the efficacy of phase-locked TMS as a non-invasive, targeted interventionfor tremor in ET and PD. By systematically stimulating the motor cortex at tremor-specific phases, the study seeks to establish a foundation for future minimally invasive treatments that could complement or replace existing pharmacological and surgical options.",[28,84],[410],{"date":432,"type":33},"2026-05-07",{"date":434,"type":33},"2024-01-01",{"date":436,"type":22},"2028-01-01",{"name":438,"class":40},"University of Oxford",{"id":440,"slug":441,"hasResults":12,"nctId":442,"briefTitle":443,"officialTitle":444,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":445,"healthyVolunteers":78,"sex":17,"minAge":446,"maxAge":376,"enrollmentInfo":447,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":449,"briefSummary":450,"conditions":451,"keywords":454,"overallStatus":29,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":458,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":459,"startDateStruct":460,"completionDateStruct":462,"leadSponsor":464,"locationsCount":41},"100585181","attention-and-eye-movement-in-parkinsons-disease-100585181","NCT06899022","Attention and Eye Movement in Parkinson's Disease","Investigating the Role of Attention in Perceptual and Cognitive Consequences of Parkinson's Disease","Inclusion Criteria\n\n* All Participants (Aim 1):\n\n  * Ability and willingness to provide signed informed consent for this study\n  * Ability to express perceptual judgments through a button press or mouse- controlled computerized slider\n  * Age 19 - 90 years\n* DBS Participants (Aim 1):\n\n  * Diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD), essential tremor (ET) or dystonia (DT).\n  * Scheduled for new implantation of a therapeutic DBS device targeted to subthalamic nucleus (STN), ventral intermediate nucleus of thalamus (VIM) or internal globus pallidus (GPi)\n* Comparison Participants (Aim 1):\n\n  o Selection by age matching to participants in PD group\n* Parkinson's disease (PD), essential tremor (ET) and dystonia (DT) Participants (Aim 2):\n\n  * Ability and willingness to provide signed informed consent for this study\n  * Ability to express perceptual judgments through a button press or mouse- controlled computerized slider\n  * Age 19 - 90 years\n  * Scheduled for awake DBS implantation with clinical micro-electrode recordings (MER)\n  * Willing and able to engage in tasks during an awake surgical procedure\n* Parkinson's disease (PD), essential tremor (ET) and dystonia (DT) Participants (Aim 3):\n\n  * Ability and willingness to provide signed informed consent for this study\n  * Ability to express perceptual judgments through a button press or mouse- controlled computerized slider\n  * Age 19 - 90 years\n  * Willing to undergo acute manipulations of DBS\n  * Able to tolerate acute changes of DBS\n\nExclusion Criteria\n\n* All Participants (Aim 1):\n\n  * Corrected visual acuity insufficient to perceptually judge face stimuli\n  * Inability to understand task instructions or complete task requirements\n* DBS Participants (Aim 1):\n\n  o Insufficient therapeutic control of motor symptoms to engage in tasks requiring button press or use of a mouse to control a slider\n* Healthy Comparison Participants (Aim 1):\n\n  o History of neurodegenerative disorder\n* Parkinson's disease (PD), essential tremor (ET) and dystonia (DT) Participants (Aim 2):\n\n  * Corrected visual acuity insufficient to perceptually judge face stimuli\n  * Inability to understand task instructions or complete task requirements\n  * Not undergoing awake DBS implantation\n  * Uncorrected visual acuity insufficient to perceptually judge face stimuli\n* Parkinson's disease (PD), essential tremor (ET) and dystonia (DT) Participants (Aim 3):\n\n  * Corrected visual acuity insufficient to perceptually judge face stimuli\n  * Inability to understand task instructions or complete task requirements\n  * Failure of DBS to achieve a therapeutic effect on motor symptoms","19 Years",{"count":448,"type":22},138,[25],"The goal of this observational and interventional study is to understand how therapeutic deep brain stimulation (DBS) affects attention, perception and cognition in participants with Parkinson's disease (PD) and non-PD movement disorders, including essential tremor (ET) and dystonia (DT). The main questions it aims to answer are:\n\n* Does impaired control of attention and eye movement in PD alter how social cues are perceived and interpreted?\n* Does therapeutic DBS improve or worsen attentional and perceptual deficits for social cues in PD, ET and DT?\n* Can DBS be optimized to restore normal attentional control in PD while remaining an effective therapy for other aspects of the disorder.\n* What do parts of the brain targeted by DBS contribute to the control of attention?\n\nUsing an eye tracking camera, investigators will study how participants with PD, ET and DT look at and perceive facial expressions of emotion before and after starting DBS therapy, in comparison to a group of healthy participants without ET, PD, DT or DBS. Participants with PD, ET and DT will see and rate morphed facial expressions on a computer screen in three conditions:\n\n* Before starting DBS therapy (over approximately 1 hour).\n* In the operating room, during the standard procedure to implant DBS electrodes, while the participant is awake (for no more than 15 minutes).\n* After starting DBS therapy, with brief experimental changes of DBS stimulation level and frequency (over approximately 1 hour).",[28,452,453],"Parkinson's Disease (PD)","Dystonias",[57,455,456,457],"Attention","Perception","Eye movement","2026-04-30",{"date":412,"type":33},{"date":461,"type":33},"2025-09-22",{"date":463,"type":22},"2028-08",{"name":465,"class":40},"University of Nebraska",{"id":467,"slug":468,"hasResults":12,"nctId":469,"briefTitle":470,"officialTitle":471,"acronym":472,"eligibilityCriteria":473,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":474,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":476,"briefSummary":477,"conditions":478,"keywords":479,"overallStatus":118,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":482,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":483,"startDateStruct":484,"completionDateStruct":486,"leadSponsor":488,"locationsCount":41},"100633788","transcranial-temporal-interference-stimulation-ttis-to-modulate-essential-tremor-100633788","NCT07531238","Transcranial Temporal Interference Stimulation (tTIS) To Modulate Essential Tremor","Transcranial Temporal Interference Stimulation (tTIS) To Modulate Essential Tremor: A Single-Center, Proof-of-Concept Study (TremorTIS (Pilot))","TremorTIS","Inclusion Criteria (for both arms):\n\n* Informed Consent signed by the subject;\n* Age ≥ 18 years;\n* Diagnosis of Essential Tremor (ET) based on the proposed criteria by the Movement Disorders Society;\n* Candidate for MRgHIFU thalamotomy\n\nExclusion Criteria (for both arms):\n\n* Unable to provide informed consent;\n* Severe sensory or cognitive impairment or musculoskeletal dysfunction that prohibits understanding instructions or performing the experimental tasks.\n\nOnly for patients undergoing the tTIS protocol (experimental arm):\n\n* Severe neuropsychiatric (e.g., major depression, severe dementia, psychosis) or unstable systemic diseases (e.g., severe progressive and unstable cancer, life-threatening infectious disease);\n* Inability to follow or non-compliance with the procedures of the study;\n* Contraindications for non-invasive brain stimulation:\n\n  * Electronic or ferromagnetic medical implants or devices\n  * History of seizures",{"count":475,"type":22},6,[25],"The goal of this proof-of-concept study is to examine the effects of a relatively new, non-invasive electrical current-based technique, transcranial temporal interference stimulation (tTIS), in patients with Essential Tremor (ET). TTIS is delivered via a Digitimer Ltd. stimulator, the \"DS5 Isolated Bipolar Constant Current Stimulator.\" The method enables targeting deep cerebral structures to selectively modulate neurons. The structure of interest in the present study is the ventralis intermedius (VIM) of the thalamus, which plays a key role in tremor generation in people with essential tremor. Therefore, techniques targeting the VIM nucleus can potentially improve the tremor and the quality of life in the long term, as is the case with MRI-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (MRgHIFU). Despite its efficiency, MRgHIFU can lead to side effects that could benefit from improved predictive modeling. In our proof-of-concept study, the investigators aim to examine whether tTIS of the VIM nucleus can alter tremor characteristics and, therefore, mimic the effects of MRgHIFU. This work would pave the way for future clinical trials to design prediction tools for MRgHIFU if the investigators can demonstrate the positive impact of tTIS.",[28],[480,95,28,481],"Transcranial temporal interference stimulation","Nucleus ventralis intermedius","2026-04-27",{"date":389,"type":33},{"date":485,"type":22},"2026-05-26",{"date":487,"type":22},"2027-05",{"name":489,"class":40},"University Hospital, Geneva",{"id":491,"slug":492,"hasResults":12,"nctId":493,"briefTitle":494,"officialTitle":495,"acronym":496,"eligibilityCriteria":497,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":330,"maxAge":498,"enrollmentInfo":499,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":501,"briefSummary":502,"conditions":503,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":29,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":482,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":504,"startDateStruct":505,"completionDateStruct":507,"leadSponsor":509,"locationsCount":41},"100627250","magnetoencephalography-meg-pilot-study-100627250","NCT07446192","Magnetoencephalography (MEG) Pilot Study","Network Characteristics in Essential Tremor (ET) Patients Undergoing High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HiFU): a Magnetoencephalography (MEG) Pilot Study","MEG","Inclusion:\n\n* Age \\>50 years and \\\u003C85 years\n* Refractory to at least 2 first line tremor medications\n* Skull Density Ratio (SDR) \\> = 0.35\n\nExclusion:\n\n* MR\u002FMEG incompatible implants and implantable devices (ex: pacemaker)\n* Head tremor interfering with MEG recording\n* Severe depression and\u002For anxiety\n* Severe cognitive impairment","84 Years",{"count":500,"type":22},10,[25],"The purpose of this research is to learn more about how the brain works in people with essential tremor, and how it changes after treatment with High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HiFU). Essential tremor is a movement disorder that causes shaking, usually in the hands, and can make everyday tasks difficult. HiFU is a treatment that uses focused sound waves to target a small area in the brain involved in tremor. In this study, the investigators aim to understand how this treatment affects the brain's networks by using safe, non-invasive tests such as brain imaging, brain wave recordings, and movement assessments.",[28],{"date":389,"type":33},{"date":506,"type":33},"2026-02-17",{"date":508,"type":22},"2027-08",{"name":214,"class":40},{"id":511,"slug":512,"hasResults":12,"nctId":513,"briefTitle":514,"officialTitle":514,"acronym":515,"eligibilityCriteria":516,"healthyVolunteers":78,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":19,"enrollmentInfo":517,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":519,"briefSummary":520,"conditions":521,"keywords":522,"overallStatus":118,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":528,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":529,"startDateStruct":531,"completionDateStruct":533,"leadSponsor":535,"locationsCount":41},"100632054","cerebellar-research-in-ultrasound-stimulation-100632054","NCT07508696","Cerebellar Research in Ultrasound Stimulation","CERBERUS","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Experiment 1: Healthy Volunteers\n\n  1. Voluntary written informed consent of the participant or their legally authorized representative has been obtained prior to any screening procedures\n  2. Participants aged 18-55 years\n  3. Male of female\n  4. Good health with no history of serious mental illness or implanted metal\n  5. Willingness to adhere to the TUS and MRI study schedule\n  6. Willingness to avoid caffeine and alcohol intake for at least 2 h prior to the investigation\n* Experiment 2: ET Patients\n\n  1. Voluntary written informed consent of the participant or their legally authorized representative has been obtained prior to any screening procedures\n  2. Participants aged 18-75 years\n  3. Male of female\n  4. Diagnosis of ET as confirmed from clinical history and examination by a movement disorder neurologist\n  5. Willingness to adhere to the TUS and MRI study schedule\n  6. Willingness to avoid caffeine and alcohol intake for at least 2 h prior to the investigation\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Experiment 1: Healthy volunteers\n\n  1. Currently taking any psychotropic medication\n  2. Any head trauma resulting in loss of consciousness\n  3. Diagnosed with a serious mental illness\n  4. Alcohol or substance abuse or dependence (other than tobacco) in the past week\n  5. Currently in treatment for a psychiatric condition\n  6. Pregnancy (a test will be scheduled by the research team)\n  7. Personal or family history of seizures or epilepsy\n  8. Claustrophobia or inability to stay still in the MR scanner environment\n  9. Any metal in the body that is not MRI-compatible\n  10. Serious history of migraines\n  11. Hair in dreadlocks, braids, or weave (not possible to position ultrasound transducer)\n  12. orthopedic forearm or hand problems\n  13. Inability to adhere to the experimental schedule.\n* Experiment 2: ET Patients\n\n  1. Currently taking any psychotropic medication\n  2. Implanted with a non-MRI compatible medical device\n  3. History of thalamotomy\n  4. Skin lesions at stimulation site\n  5. Peripheral neuropathy\n  6. neurologic exam not consistent with ET\n  7. Any head trauma resulting in loss of consciousness\n  8. Diagnosed with a serious mental illness\n  9. Alcohol or substance abuse or dependence (other than tobacco) in the past week\n  10. alcohol or caffeine consumption within 12 hours of study enrollment.\n  11. Currently in treatment for a psychiatric condition\n  12. Pregnancy (scheduled test)\n  13. Personal or family history of seizures or epilepsy\n  14. Claustrophobia or inability to stay still in the MR scanner environment\n  15. Any metal in the body that is not MRI-compatible\n  16. Serious history of migraines\n  17. Hair in dreadlocks, braids, or weave\n  18. orthopedic forearm or hand problems\n  19. Inability to adhere to the experimental schedule.",{"count":518,"type":22},60,[25],"Experiment 1: Modulation of Physiological Tremor in Healthy Volunteers Thirty healthy volunteers will undergo TUS targeting the dentate nucleus in a randomized, double-blinded crossover design. Tremor amplitude, induced by a 15 g weight, will be measured using an accelerometer, and EEG will assess neural oscillations and cerebello-thalamo-cortical connectivity.\n\nStimulation will include short-term (1 minute on\u002Foff for 12 minutes) and long-term (30 minutes) protocols, as well as closed-loop TUS for phase-specific effects. This experiment aims to optimize stimulation parameters and explore the dentate nucleus's role in tremor generation.\n\nExperiment 2: Tremor Modulation in Essential Tremor Patients Thirty ET patients will receive TUS targeting the dentate nucleus with optimized parameters from Experiment 1 in a randomized crossover design. The best protocol from previous experiment will be tested here. Tremor amplitude and EEG will be recorded to assess short- and long-term effects of TUS on pathological tremor.",[28],[523,524,28,409,525,95,526,527],"transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation","TUS","Movement disorders","NIBS","non-invasive brain stimulation","2026-03-31",{"date":530,"type":33},"2026-04-02",{"date":532,"type":22},"2026-06-01",{"date":534,"type":22},"2028-10-01",{"name":536,"class":40},"KU Leuven",{"id":538,"slug":539,"hasResults":12,"nctId":540,"briefTitle":541,"officialTitle":541,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":542,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":79,"enrollmentInfo":543,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":545,"briefSummary":546,"conditions":547,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":29,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":548,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":549,"startDateStruct":551,"completionDateStruct":553,"leadSponsor":555,"locationsCount":41},"100384485","cortical-basal-ganglia-speech-networks-100384485","NCT04286308","Cortical-Basal Ganglia Speech Networks","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Subjects scheduled for DBS implantation, as determined by the clinical multidisciplinary movement disorders board with definitive diagnosis of Parkinson's disease, essential tremor or dystonia.\n2. Subjects able to provide informed consent and comply with task instructions.\n3. Subjects 18-85 years old\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Subjects with reported hearing loss.\n2. Non-English-speaking subjects",{"count":544,"type":22},80,[25],"In this research study the researchers want to learn more about brain activity related to speech perception and production.",[60,28,55],"2026-03-23",{"date":550,"type":33},"2026-03-25",{"date":552,"type":33},"2020-10-01",{"date":554,"type":22},"2027-02",{"name":556,"class":40},"Massachusetts General Hospital",{"id":558,"slug":559,"hasResults":12,"nctId":560,"briefTitle":561,"officialTitle":561,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":562,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":563,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":564,"briefSummary":565,"conditions":566,"keywords":567,"overallStatus":29,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":571,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":572,"startDateStruct":574,"completionDateStruct":575,"leadSponsor":577,"locationsCount":348},"100627986","investigating-subcortical-contributions-to-speech-sequencing-in-deep-brain-stimulator-recipients-100627986","NCT07455760","Investigating Subcortical Contributions to Speech Sequencing in Deep Brain Stimulator Recipients","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Native speakers of American English\n* Adults at least 18 years of age\n* A clinically established diagnosis of Parkinson's disease or essential tremor\n* Able to provide informed consent in the judgment of the investigator\n* Treated with deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (Parkinson's disease) or ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus (essential tremor)\n* Stable Parkinson's disease or essential tremor medication regimen for at least one month\n* Stable DBS program settings for at least one month\n* Nominal DBS system function, including normal impedances at therapeutic DBS contacts, and adequate battery life or adequate IPG charging status for therapy\n* For DBS sensing, implanted with Medtronic Percept PC or Percept RC implantable pulse generator\n* Corrected vision adequate to easily read text presented during speech motor task\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Cognitive impairment (Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA; Nesreddine et al., 2005) score \\\u003C 25) or active psychotic or behavioral symptoms that would, in the judgment of the investigator, preclude proper participation in the study\n* Hearing impairment that interferes with accurate perception of the speech motor learning stimulus (25dB hearing level threshold at 500, 1k, 2k, and 4kHz frequencies)\n* Language impairment (aphasia) or speech articulation impairment (dysarthria) that precludes performance of the speech motor learning task\n* Neurological disorder that interferes with speech motor learning\n* Inability to tolerate symptoms when DBS is off\n* Orthodontia or atypical oral structure (e.g., cleft palate) that interferes with speech\n* Pregnancy\n* For participants in the sub-syllabic sequence learning study (Study C.2.1), experience with the following languages: Hebrew, Polish, Lithuanian, Romanian, Georgian, Tepehua, Hungarian, and Pima",{"count":544,"type":22},[25],"This study will examine how two important brain circuits - one involving the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and one involving the ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus (VIM) - contribute to learning and producing speech sequences. Participants will include two groups: 1. individuals with Parkinson's disease who have deep brain stimulation (DBS) devices targeting the STN and 2. individuals with essential tremor who have DBS devices targeting the VIM.\n\nParticipants will complete speech tasks involving the learning and repetition of novel sound sequences. During some parts of the study, DBS stimulation will be temporarily turned on or off in a controlled research setting. This will allow researchers to examine how stimulation affects both the learning of new speech sequences and the production of previously learned sequences. All STN participants and most VIM participants will also be equipped with a cutting-edge DBS system, the Percept PC, which will enable the recording of deep brain activity during the tasks.\n\nThe results of this study will improve our understanding of how different brain circuits support speech learning and production. In particular, this study will help to differentiate the roles of the STN and VIM in learning the ordering of speech sounds within a syllable from learning of speech sequences containing multiple syllables. This knowledge may help guide future approaches to optimizing DBS settings to improve both movement and speech outcomes in individuals with neurological disorders, as well as provide greater general insight into how these brain structures contribute to speech production and learning.",[84,28],[57,54,28,568,569,570],"Speech Disorders","Neurocomputational Modeling","Stuttering","2026-03-06",{"date":573,"type":33},"2026-03-09",{"date":343,"type":33},{"date":576,"type":22},"2030-08",{"name":578,"class":40},"Boston University Charles River Campus",{"id":580,"slug":581,"hasResults":12,"nctId":582,"briefTitle":583,"officialTitle":583,"acronym":584,"eligibilityCriteria":585,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":586,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":587,"briefSummary":588,"conditions":589,"keywords":590,"overallStatus":29,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":592,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":593,"startDateStruct":594,"completionDateStruct":596,"leadSponsor":598,"locationsCount":41},"100563031","ultrasound-neuromodulation-in-essential-tremor-100563031","NCT06610877","Ultrasound Neuromodulation in Essential Tremor","UNMET","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients with medically refractory tremor scheduled to undergo MR-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) thalamotomy to treat their tremor at UCSF.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Due to the logistical complexity of performing MRI in patients with MR-conditional pacemakers (need for device and patient monitoring), patients with pacemakers will be excluded from enrollment. All other patients undergoing HIFU thalamotomy for tremor will be eligible for enrollment.",{"count":518,"type":22},[25],"This study is being done to test whether low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) (low energy sound waves) cause temporary changes in brain activity and behavior when directed at particular parts of the brain. By targeting LIFU to the parts of the brain thought to be responsible for essential tremor (ET), and measuring any associated improvement in tremor, the investigators hope to show that LIFU can be a useful tool for studying the brain circuits responsible for tremor and other brain disorders.",[28,95],[28,95,384,591],"brain functional connectivity","2026-03-04",{"date":571,"type":33},{"date":595,"type":33},"2024-10-01",{"date":597,"type":22},"2027-03",{"name":599,"class":40},"University of California, San Francisco",{"id":601,"slug":602,"hasResults":12,"nctId":603,"briefTitle":604,"officialTitle":605,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":606,"healthyVolunteers":78,"sex":17,"minAge":110,"maxAge":48,"enrollmentInfo":607,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":608,"briefSummary":609,"conditions":610,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":29,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":611,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":612,"startDateStruct":614,"completionDateStruct":616,"leadSponsor":617,"locationsCount":41},"100378840","dual-lead-thalamic-deep-brain-recording-dbr-dbs-interface-for-closed-loop-control-of-severe-essential-tremor-100378840","NCT04212780","Dual Lead Thalamic Deep Brain Recording (DBR)-DBS Interface for Closed Loop Control of Severe Essential Tremor","Dual Lead Thalamic DBR-DBS Interface for Closed Loop Control of Severe Essential Tremor","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patient gives an informed consent.\n* Patient is over 21 years of age.\n* Patient is diagnosed with a postural-intention (essential) tremor for at least 3 years, meets diagnostic criteria for ET, has been evaluated and examined by a movement disorders fellowship trained neurologist, and is being treated with traditional VIM DBS therapy.\n* Patient has no evidence of non-ET central nervous system disease or injury and has had a significantly disabling, upper extremity tremor despite ongoing VIM DBS therapy for at least three (3) months prior to DBS revision surgery.\n* Patient has a postural or kinetic tremor severity score of at least 2 out of 4 in the extremity intended for treatment on the Fahn-Tolosa-Marin Clinical Rating Scale for Tremor (TRS) despite ongoing VIM DBS therapy.\n* Patient has a TRS score of 2 or above in any one of the items 16-23 from the Disability subsection of the TRS: speaking, feeding other than liquids, bringing liquids to mouth, hygiene, dressing, writing, working and social activities despite ongoing VIM DBS therapy.\n* Patient's tremor is refractory to adequate trials of at least two medications, one of which should be either propranolol or primidone. Proof of this is not required for patients with a current device that is being removed and replaced with a new device. An adequate medication trial is defined as a therapeutic dose of each medication or the development of side effects as the medication dose is titrated.\n* Patient is available for appropriate follow-up times for the length of the study.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Any previous neurosurgical intervention other than VIM DBS, including ablative brain lesions for tremor suppression.\n* Medication related movement disorders.\n* Any suspicion of Parkinson's disease, including presence of Parkinsonian features such as bradykinesia, rigidity, or postural instability.\n* Any behaviors consistent with alcohol or substance abuse as defined by the criteria outlined in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V).\n* Severe medical co-morbidity including cardiovascular disorder, lung disorder, kidney disease, continuous neurological disease, hematological disease, or frailty that impact tolerability of the surgery as judged by the screening physicians.\n* Abnormal brain MRI including hydrocephalus, stroke, structural lesions, demyelinating lesions, or infectious lesions. Also excluded will be subjects with severe brain atrophy.\n* Any uncontrolled symptoms or signs of increased intracranial pressure (e.g., headache, nausea, vomiting, lethargy, papilledema).\n* A history of seizures within the past year.\n* A dementia rating scale score (DRS) \\\u003C130 signifying significant cognitive dysfunction and a potential for inability to cooperate with tasks involved in the study.\n* Any attempt or intent of suicide during the previous six months.\n* Presence or history of psychosis.\n* Any person known to have abnormal coagulation or any medications which interfere with coagulation\n* Significant untreated or unstable mood disorders including depression. This will be determined by the Neuropsychological team during FastTrack and by the Neurologist\n* In addition, patients who are pregnant or plan to become pregnant will be excluded from this study.",{"count":500,"type":22},[25],"This is a feasibility study based on physician-initiated Investigational Device Exemption (IDE) including intraoperative experiments and chronic testing of implanted dual thalamic DBS lead systems. This study will inform protocols for optimal use of implanted next-gen DBS systems for primarily tremor control in refractory essential tremor.If the approach appears to be successful, the pilot data generated will be used to base a future pivotal trial for FDA approval for enhanced tremor control and adaptive DBS (aDBS) functionality of DBS systems.",[28],"2026-02-05",{"date":613,"type":33},"2026-02-10",{"date":615,"type":33},"2019-12-24",{"date":320,"type":22},{"name":214,"class":40}]