By comparing the diagnostic accuracy of spectral CT and conventional CT in evaluating treatment response efficacy after TACE, this study aims to investigate the diagnostic performance of spectral CT in assessing treatment response following TACE for hepatocellular carcinoma.
age 18-75 years;
diagnosis of HCC based on pathological findings or accepted clinical and imaging criteria;
Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage A or B;
prior treatment with TACE;
contraindications to contrast-enhanced CT or MRI;
presence of extrahepatic malignancy;
poor image quality or incomplete clinical data;
lack of regular CT or MRI follow-up in non-surgical cohort;
Patients recruited from six comprehensive medical centers nationwide
Cohort
Prospective
Not listed
Diagnostic accuracy of spectral CT in identifying nonviable HCC lesions.
Two or more investigators independently evaluated the multiparametric spectral CT images of the patients using the mRECIST criteria. The imaging assessment results were recorded as CR, PR, PD, or SD. First, the agreement between spectral CT-based assessments and those obtained from conventional clinical CT was evaluated. Subsequently, the spectral CT imaging results were compared with the reference standard to assess the diagnostic accuracy of spectral CT.
Diagnostic Performance of Spectral CT for Residual Viable Hepatocellular Carcinoma After TACE.
Imaging Assessment Criteria: For target lesions, imaging evaluation was performed using the mRECIST and LI-RADS TRA v2024 criteria, with histopathological findings serving as the reference standard. Imaging Assessment Procedure: Two or more investigators independently and blindly reviewed the multiparametric spectral CT images of the patients. Lesions were assessed using the mRECIST criteria. The imaging assessment results were recorded as CR, PR, PD, or SD. The imaging findings were compared with the pathological reference standard to assess the diagnostic performance of spectral CT.
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