Multiple myeloma is the second most common hematologic malignancy in adults and despite the new therapies that have been developed in the last decades it remains incurable. Over the course of the disease, patients eventually become refractory to the various treatments. Therefore, new therapeutic options which utilize new mechanisms of action are essential.
Melphalan flufenamide (melflufen) represents such an additional therapeutic approach. Melflufen is a peptide-drug conjugate (PDC) which is highly lipophilic and rapidly incorporated into the tumor cells. Once inside the tumor cell, melflufen is hydrolyzed by peptidases, including aminopeptidases and esterases, to release its alkylator payload. The alkylating agent then induces DNA damage resulting in cell death.
Melphalan flufenamid in combination with Dexamethason was approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) in August 2022 for the treatment of patients with triple class refractory relapsed/refractory Multiple Myeloma who have received at least 3 prior lines of therapy. For patients with prior autologous stem cell transplantation, the time to progression should be at least 3 years from transplantation.
The non-interventional study MARINA aims to address open scientific questions regarding the effectiveness, as well as therapy and safety management of melflufen in a real-world setting. By collecting comprehensive real-world data - including the Disease Control Rate (DCR) as a key endpoint, which is of most value for patients in this late disease stage - MARINA will investigate the therapeutic benefit of melflufen in routine clinical practice.
Patients with R/RMM who have previously been treated with at least one proteasome inhibitor, one immunomodulatory agent, and one anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody, and who relapsed on or after the last therapy
Indication and decision for fourth- or later-line treatment with melflufen (Pepaxti®) and dexamethasone, according to current SmPC as assessed by the treating physician
Signed and dated written informed consent*.
Treatment decision before inclusion into this non-interventional study
Participation in an interventional clinical trial (except follow-up)
Patient unable to consent
Contraindications according to current SmPC
Adult patients (≥18 years old) with relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma (R/RMM) pretreated with a proteasome inhibitor, an immunomodulatory drug and a CD38 antibody with decision for treatment with melflufen (Pepaxti®) and dexamethasone in fourth or later line according to SmPC.
Cohort
Prospective
Not listed
Disease control rate (DCR)
DCR is defined as the proportion of patients achieving a remission (i.e., sCR, CR, VGPR or PR or MR) or stable disease as best response according to local medical standards during treatment with melflufen. Patients without response measurement are considered non-responders.
Progression-free survival (PFS)
PFS is defined as the time from start of melflufen treatment until first progression or death from any cause, whichever comes first. Patients without disease progression or death at the time of analysis will be censored at their date of last contact. PFS will be calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method.
Overall survival (OS)
OS is defined as the time from start of melflufen treatment until death from any cause. Patients without documented death will be censored with their date of last contact. OS will be calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method.
Overall response rate (ORR)
ORR is defined as the proportion of patients achieving a remission (sCR, CR, VGPR or PR or MR) as best response according to local medical standards. Patients without response measurement are considered non-responders.
Duration of treatment with melflufen
Duration of melflufen treatment will be calculated in weeks as the time from first application to the last documented application of melflufen.
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iOMEDICO AG
Lead sponsor
Oncopeptides AB
Collaborator
