To evaluate the efficacy and safety of early postoperative oral intake (with a fasting period of 6 hours) versus delayed postoperative oral intake (with fasting periods of 24 hours or 48 hours) in patients with cirrhosis undergoing esophageal variceal ligation therapy.
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1. Uncontrolled active bleeding or concurrent bleeding from gastric fundal varices; 2.History of prior TIPS, EVL, or surgical shunt procedures; 3. Presence of severe systemic diseases, such as sepsis, uremia, or advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); 4.Mechanical ventilation with retained catheter, inability to take oral intake, or significant dysphagia, or a history of major esophageal/gastric surgery that has impaired swallowing function; 5. Severe hepatic failure: Child-Pugh score>13; profound jaundice (serum bilirubin>10 mg/dL) accompanied by altered consciousness beyond Stage II or massive ascites; 6.Pregnancy or lactation; 7. Inability to provide informed consent.