Home exercise program is recommended by physicians to patients and their relatives to do at home and It is a treatment option in which the physician describes how to do it. Home workout program to be completed at home to complement and reinforce their program in the clinic It is a personalized set of therapeutic exercises that are taught. There are factors that can change exercise compliance; There are some reasons why some patients adhere to the prescribed home exercise program and others do not.
Adherence to home exercises is a major issue in rehabilitation and the reasons for this are multifactorial; It includes both psychological and specific conditions factors that vary between each individual and these conditions should be taken into account by clinicians in designing personalized exercise programs.
Home exercise programs constitute a fundamental component of rehabilitation and are widely prescribed by physicians support therapeutic gains beyond the clinical environment. These individualized programs aim to maintain functional improvements, reduce symptoms, and promote self-management among individuals with musculoskeletal disorders. Although adherence to home-based exercises is recognized as a key determinant of rehabilitation outcomes, non-adherence remains a persistent challenge. Despite growing emphasis on the importance of exercise compliance, the existing literature provides relatively limited and insufficient evidence regarding the factors that influence adherence across different musculoskeletal conditions, including degenerative, orthopedic, and neurological disorders.
Addressing this gap, the present prospective longitudinal cohort study aims to evaluate adherence to individualized home-based exercise programs among patients with diverse musculoskeletal conditions and to determine whether adherence behaviors differ across diagnostic groups. In addition, the study seeks to identify demographic, clinical, psychosocial, and functional factors associated with exercise compliance. By integrating structured clinical evaluations with validated outcome measures, this study aims not only to clarify the determinants of exercise adherence but also to contribute to the development of more effective, condition-specific strategies to enhance sustained engagement in home-based rehabilitation.
Be 18 years of age or older
To have a musculoskeletal disease (degenerative, neurological or orthopedic)
To be given a home exercise program
To have cognitive and language functions to communicate, to be a volunteer
Those with major psychiatric illness
Those with cognitive dysfunction
Those with communication disorders, reluctant/reluctant to participate
Those with any condition other than a primary degenerative, orthopedic, or neurological disease that could significantly affect exercise adherence, including musculoskeletal or systemic disorders (e.g., severe anemia, heart failure, respiratory failure, uncontrolled diabetes, inflammatory rheumatic disease, recent fractures, or active infections).
* Be 18 years of age or older * To have a musculoskeletal disease (degenerative, neurological or orthopedic) * To be given a home exercise program * To have cognitive and language functions to communicate, to be a volunteer
Cohort
Prospective
Home exercise program
Other interventionPatients with chronic degenerative musculoskeletal disorders receiving a home exercise program
Home exercise program
Other interventionPatients receiving a home exercise program as part of post-operative orthopedic rehabilitation
Home exercise program
Other interventionPatients receiving a home exercise program following a neurological condition (stroke,hemiplegia) as part of rehabilitation
Exercise Adherence Rating Scale
It was developed to evaluate compliance with home exercise programs. The first part (Group A) contains the participant's general information about the exercise program; the second part (Group B; 0-24 points) examines the frequency and sustainability of exercise behaviors; the third part (Group C; 0-40 points) evaluates cognitive and environmental factors affecting exercise adherence. The total score ranges from 0-64, with higher scores indicating greater compliance. The Turkish adaptation, including validation and reliability analysis, was conducted in 2019.
VAS
VAS ; patients were asked to mark their pain intensity pain activity and rest: 0 no pain; 10 Unbearable/Max. Pain. Ranges for the severity of pain and weakness; \<3 mild, 3-6 moderate, \>6 severe.
Beck Depression Index
BDI consists of 21 items related to depressive symptoms such as pessimism, sense of failure, dissatisfaction, feelings of guilt, restlessness, fatigue, decreased appetite, indecision, sleep disturbance, and social withdrawal. Each item contains four levels (0-3) self-evaluation statements that determine a behavior specific to depression . The total maximum score was 63, and a score above 17 indicates an increased risk of depressive states.
Barthel Index
Barthel Index is a general scale developed for independence in activities of daily living. It consists of 10 questions. In the scoring ranging from 0-100 points, 100; best complete independence, 0; the worst refers to absolute dependence.
Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale
Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale ; is a 17-question scale developed to measure the fear of movement/re-injury. The scale includes parameters for injury/re-injury and fear-avoidance in work-related activities. A 4-point Likert scoring (1= Strongly disagree, 4= Completely agree) is used in the scale. A total score is calculated after reversing items 4, 8, 12 and 16. The person gets a total score between 17-68. The higher the score of the person on the scale, indicates that kinesiophobia is also high.
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