Application of THRIVE in Burn Children With Suspected Difficult Airway

Rate of successful intubation on the first attempt without physiological instability

Physiological instability is defined as SPO2≤90% at any time after induction of anesthesia until endotracheal intubation is completed. A successful first attempt intubation is defined as a successful intubation at first attempt without any desaturation (SpO2≤90% or saturation difference ≥10% for who after pre-oxygenation SpO2 cannot reach 100%). Successful intubation was defined as completion of the intubation attempt with correct placement of the endotracheal tube, as confirmed by the detection of expired carbon dioxide with a colorimetric detector.

Rate of hypoxemia; time to and duration of desaturation during the intubation attempt; the duration and number of intubation attempts; nadir SPO2 and heart rate during intubation attempt.

Time to desaturation was defined as the time in seconds from ceasing assisted ventilation until the SpO2 first dropped below 90%. The duration of desaturation the time from the initial drop below 90% until the SpO2 rose above 100% again. An intubation attempt was defined as the insertion of the laryngoscope blade beyond the patient's lips until its removal from the patient's mouth, whether or not an attempt was made to insert an endotracheal tube. or where there is a change in operator during the procedure even if the device is not removed. Intubation time was defined as the time from the start of laryngoscopy, when the blade was introduced between the teeth, until the first breath with the tracheal tube in place, verified by capnography.