ARPE Training for Manual Handling Workers: A Quasi-Experimental Study on Ergonomic Knowledge and Practice

Improvement in Ergonomic Knowledge

Description: Participants' ergonomic knowledge will be assessed using the Ergonomic Knowledge Domain Questionnaire, a validated 8-item multiple-choice instrument measuring understanding of ergonomic principles, awareness of risk factors for work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs), and correct manual handling practices. Scale Title: Ergonomic Knowledge Domain Questionnaire Score Range: 0 to 8 Scoring: 1 point per correct answer Interpretation: 0-3 = Low knowledge 4-5 = Moderate knowledge 6-8 = High knowledge Outcome Direction: Higher scores reflect improved ergonomic knowledge and better learning outcomes following the ARPE training module. The effectiveness of the intervention will be determined by comparing the scores across three time points between the intervention and control groups.

Improvement in Self-Prevention Practices Toward Ergonomic Risks

This outcome will be measured using the Self-Prevention Domain Questionnaire, a validated 6-item self-assessment instrument using a 7-point Likert scale to evaluate participants' self-reported preventive behaviors and attitudes toward managing ergonomic risks at the workplace. Scale Title: Self-Prevention Domain Questionnaire Score Range: 6 to 42 Scoring: Each item is rated from 1 (Strongly Disagree) to 7 (Strongly Agree) Interpretation: 6-21 = Poor self-prevention 22-31 = Moderate self-prevention 32-42 = Good self-prevention Outcome Direction: Higher scores indicate greater awareness and better self-preventive ergonomic practices. Scores will be compared between the intervention and control groups at three assessment points to determine changes in prevention practices after training.

Improvement in Self-Evaluation of Ergonomic Practices

This outcome will be measured using the Self-Evaluation Domain Questionnaire, a validated 5-item instrument using a 7-point Likert scale to assess how frequently participants apply ergonomic principles in their daily work practices and reflect on their own ergonomic behavior following the training. Scale Title: Self-Evaluation Domain Questionnaire Score Range: 5 to 35 Scoring: Each item is rated from 1 (Never) to 7 (Always) Interpretation: 5-17 = Low ergonomic self-practice 18-26 = Moderate ergonomic self-practice 27-35 = High ergonomic self-practice Outcome Direction: Higher scores indicate more frequent application and internalization of ergonomic practices, reflecting the participant's behavioral response to the training. Scores will be compared between the intervention and control groups at three time points to assess sustained behavioral changes.