Body perception and awareness may be altered in individuals with chronic pain and may be associated with pain intensity, disability, and pain-related psychological factors. Although alterations in pain processing and cortical organization have been reported in individuals with migraine, head-related perceptual awareness has received limited attention, and practical tools for its assessment are lacking.
The Fremantle Headache Awareness Questionnaire (FreHAQ) was developed to assess altered perception and awareness of the head in individuals with headache. A valid and reliable Greek version of this questionnaire could provide clinicians and researchers with a simple and practical tool for evaluating head awareness in individuals with migraine.
The primary aim of this study is to translate and culturally adapt the Fremantle Headache Awareness Questionnaire into Greek and to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Greek version in individuals with migraine. The study will examine the psychometric properties of the questionnaire, including its reliability and validity. Associations between head awareness and relevant clinical and pain-related characteristics will also be investigated.
This study is expected to determine whether the Greek version of the Fremantle Headache Awareness Questionnaire is an appropriate tool for assessing head awareness in the Greek migraine population.
Diagnosis of episodic or chronic migraine according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (ICHD-3), confirmed by a specialist neurologist
Age between 18 and 70 years
Ability to understand, read, write, and speak Greek
Presence of a headache disorder other than migraine
History of systemic diseases, including malignant, inflammatory, acute traumatic, infectious, surgical, neurological, psychiatric, or rheumatological conditions
Adults aged 18-70 years with a diagnosis of episodic or chronic migraine according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (ICHD-3), confirmed by a specialist neurologist. Participants will be recruited from the Specialized Headache Clinic of Aeginition Hospital in Greece.
Other
Prospective
Not listed
Greek Version of the Fremantle Headache Awareness Questionnaire
The psychometric properties of the Greek version of the Fremantle Headache Awareness Questionnaire (FreHAQ-GR) will be evaluated in individuals with migraine. Reliability will be assessed using internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Validity will be evaluated through appropriate construct validity analyses and associations with related clinical measures. Higher FreHAQ scores indicate greater disturbance in head awareness.
Headache Intensity
Headache pain intensity will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst imaginable pain), with higher scores indicating greater pain intensity.
Migraine-Related Disability
Migraine-related disability will be assessed using the Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS), which evaluates days of lost or reduced activity due to migraine during the previous 3 months. Higher scores indicate greater migraine-related disability.
Headache Impact
The impact of headache on daily functioning and quality of life will be assessed using the six-item Headache Impact Test (HIT-6). Total scores range from 36 to 78, with higher scores indicating greater headache impact.
Migraine-Specific Quality of Life
Migraine-specific quality of life will be assessed using the 14-item Migraine-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire Version 2.1 (MSQv2.1), covering Role Function-Restrictive, Role Function-Preventive, and Emotional Function domains. Scores are transformed to a 0-100 scale, with higher scores indicating better migraine-related quality of life.
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