Peri-implantitis is an inflammatory condition affecting the tissues surrounding dental implants and may lead to supporting bone loss. Current diagnosis is mainly based on clinical and radiographic findings. However, these methods may not fully reflect the biological changes occurring around implants.
The purpose of this observational study is to evaluate whether peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF), a biological fluid collected from around dental implants, shows different molecular characteristics in peri-implant health and peri-implantitis. Adults who have at least one healthy dental implant and one implant with peri-implantitis will be included.
For each participant, PICF samples will be collected from one healthy implant and one peri-implantitis implant. The samples will be analyzed using attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. These techniques provide molecular information about biological samples without requiring additional invasive procedures.
The study will compare the spectral profiles obtained from healthy and peri-implantitis sites and evaluate whether these profiles can distinguish peri-implant health from peri-implantitis. Relationships between spectral findings and clinical factors, including probing depth, bleeding on probing, suppuration, radiographic bone loss, smoking status, and diabetes status, will also be explored.
Age 18 years or older Presence of dental implants that have been in function for at least 1 year Presence of at least one peri-implant healthy implant and at least one implant with peri-implantitis in the same participant Ability and willingness to provide written informed consent
Pregnancy or breastfeeding Use of systemic antibiotics within the previous 3 months History of periodontal or peri-implant treatment within the previous 6 months
Adults aged 18 years or older presenting to the Periodontology Clinic of Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Dentistry who have at least two dental implants, including at least one peri-implant healthy implant and at least one implant diagnosed with peri-implantitis. One healthy implant and one peri-implantitis implant from each eligible participant will be evaluated in a within-participant split-mouth design.
Other
Cross-sectional
ATR-FTIR and Raman Spectroscopic Analysis of Peri-Implant Crevicular Fluid
Other interventionPeri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) samples will be collected from one peri-implant healthy implant and one peri-implantitis implant in each participant using sterile PerioPaper strips. The samples will be analyzed using ATR-FTIR and Raman spectroscopy to characterize molecular spectral profiles and compare peri-implant health with peri-implantitis.
Diagnostic Performance of Raman Spectral Profiles
The ability of peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) spectral profiles obtained by Raman spectroscopy to discriminate between peri-implant health and peri-implantitis will be evaluated using receiver operating characteristic analysis. Diagnostic performance will be reported using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).
Diagnostic Performance of ATR-FTIR Spectral Profiles
The ability of peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) spectral profiles obtained by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy to discriminate between peri-implant health and peri-implantitis will be evaluated using receiver operating characteristic analysis. Diagnostic performance will be reported using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).
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