* To determine the most common clinical characteristics in patients with childhood -onset systemic lupus erythematosus. * To detect prevalence of low bone mineral density in patients with childhood -onset systemic lupus erythematosus.
Age of patients below 18 years old.
Both sexes.
The Patients should be diagnosed as SLE, according to 2019 European league against rheumatism (EULAR)/ American college of rheumatology (ACR) SLE classification criteria from >6 months ago.
Patients with autoimmune diseases other than CSLE.
Patients not fulfilling the criteria for diagnosis of CSLE.
Active infections.
Malignancies.
The Patients diagnosed as SLE, according to 2019 European league against rheumatism (EULAR)/ American college of rheumatology (ACR) SLE classification criteria from \>6 months ago.
Case-only
Cross-sectional
Not listed
Detection of prevalence of low bone mineral density and clinical characteristics in patients with childhood -onset systemic lupus erythematosus
There is association between SlE and bone mineral density. Possible factors contributing to low bone mineral density in CSLE patients include chronic inflammation, glucocorticoid therapy, and the presence of various cytokines produced by immune cells that interfere with bone homeostasis. Lifestyle factors and low vitamin D levels in CSLE patients may further contribute to the risk of osteoporosis
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