This randomized controlled trial will evaluate the effectiveness of artificial intelligence-supported individualized discharge education for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Participants will be assigned to either the intervention group, which will receive personalized AI-generated discharge education delivered through a nurse-avatar video in addition to standard verbal education, or the control group, which will receive standard discharge education only. The study will compare postoperative pain, anxiety, physiological stress response, recovery, and satisfaction with discharge education between the two groups. Outcomes will be measured during hospitalization and at the routine postoperative follow-up visit. The findings may help improve patient education methods and postoperative recovery in cardiac surgery patients.
Patients who have undergone coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.
Age 18 years or older.
Hemodynamically stable at the time of enrollment.
Able to understand and communicate in Turkish.
Patients undergoing emergency CABG surgery.
Presence of severe cognitive impairment that prevents understanding or following instructions.
Diagnosed psychiatric disorders (e.g., schizophrenia, severe depression) that interfere with study participation.
Severe vision or hearing impairment that prevents receiving the education.
Parallel
AI-Supported Individualized Discharge Education
BehavioralThis intervention consists of personalized discharge education generated by an advanced artificial intelligence system (ChatGPT) based on the patient's clinical, social, and psychosocial characteristics. The content is structured into 6 main topics and 24 sub-sections. The script is converted into a nurse-avatar video and delivered to the patient via a mobile device. This intervention is provided in addition to the standard verbal discharge education routinely given by cardiovascular surgery nurses.
Standard Discharge Education
BehavioralThis intervention consists of routine verbal discharge education provided by cardiovascular surgery nurses according to standard hospital protocols. It includes essential postoperative instructions, medication guidance, wound care instructions, activity recommendations, and follow-up information. No AI-generated or video-based educational materials are provided in this intervention.
Pain Intensity
Anxiety will be measured using a 10-cm Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Participants will indicate their perceived level of anxiety on a horizontal line ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 represents "no anxiety" and 10 represents "the highest possible level of anxiety." The score is obtained by measuring the distance in centimeters from the left end of the scale to the participant's mark, producing a continuous value between 0 and 10. Higher scores indicate higher levels of anxiety. This measure allows for sensitive detection of changes in anxiety over time. No threshold or categorical classification is used; all results are reported as continuous VAS scores.
Anxiety Level
Anxiety will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). The scale ranges from 0 to 10, where higher scores indicate greater anxiety levels.
Serum Cortisol Level
Physiological stress will be evaluated by measuring serum cortisol levels obtained from venous blood samples. Higher cortisol levels indicate increased physiological stress response.
Postoperative Recovery
Postoperative recovery will be evaluated using a validated postoperative recovery scale assessing physical, emotional, and functional recovery. Higher scores indicate better postoperative recovery.
Heart Rate
Heart rate will be measured using a clinical monitor and recorded in beats per minute (bpm). Higher values indicate increased cardiac activity.
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