The use of titanium dental implants has become a common modern treatment to restore teeth. Although the success rate of dental implants is high, inflammation around the dental implant still occurs. The current study will investigate if the inflammation around the implant is due to bacterial infection, hypersensitivity or both.
Received at least one functional implant (implant restored with a prothesis);
Did not receive peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis treatment in the past three months.
Dental records with incomplete information;
Individuals with a weak immune system or chronic disease such as diabetes, heart, lung or kidney disease;
Pregnant women;
Individuals undergoing orthodontic therapy and those who have oral piercing.
This cross-sectional study is carried out at McGill University Health Center (MUHC)-Montreal General Hospital Oral and Maxillofacial Clinic. The electronic dental records database at the MUHC Montreal General Hospital Oral and Maxillofacial Clinic is screened to identify potentially eligible participants. Individuals who had a functional implant (implant restored with a prosthesis) placed between 2010 and 2022 were reviewed. Eligible individuals are contacted and invited to participate.
Cohort
Cross-sectional
Clinical Examination
Diagnostic testClinical examination of a dental implant
Peri-implant crevicular fluid
Procedure/SurgeryCollection of a sample of peri-implant crevicular fluid
Levels of cytokines in peri-implant crevicular fluid associated with hypersensitivity
Measure the levels of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 in the peri-implant crevicular fluid to assess hypersensitivity responses between healthy implants and inflamed implants (mucositis and peri-implantitis). The measured unit is pg/ml.
Levels of cytokines in peri-implant crevicular fluid associated with bacterial infection
Measure the levels of IL-1α, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17, TNF-α, GM-CSF, and IFN-γ in the peri-implant crevicular fluid to assess bacterial responses between healthy implants and inflamed implants (mucositis and peri-implantitis). The measured unit is pg/ml.
Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinases in peri-implant crevicular fluid
Measure the levels of MMP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-9 in the peri-implant crevicular fluid to assess hypersensitivity responses between healthy implants and inflamed implants (mucositis and peri-implantitis). The measured unit is pg/ml.
Levels of RANKL in peri-implant crevicular fluid
Measure the levels of RANKL in the peri-implant crevicular fluid to assess hypersensitivity responses between healthy implants and inflamed implants (mucositis and peri-implantitis). The measured unit is pg/ml.
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