ChatGPT-Supported Metacognitive Feedback in Nursing Students
Trial statusNot yet recruiting
Trial phaseNot applicable
Trial typeInterventional
Biological sexAll
Age18+
SponsorIzmir Katip Celebi University
About this trial
This randomized controlled study aims to evaluate the effects of ChatGPT-supported metacognitive feedback on nursing students' metacognitive awareness and self-regulated learning during clinical nursing practice. A total of 140 fourth-year nursing students will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to an intervention group or a control group. Students in the intervention group will receive structured ChatGPT-supported metacognitive feedback based on reflective learning prompts, while students in the control group will continue routine clinical education and receive traditional verbal and written feedback from clinical instructors. Data will be collected before and after the intervention using a demographic information form, the Metacognitive Awareness Inventory, and the Self-Regulated Learning Scale in Clinical Nursing Practice. The study is designed as a pretest-posttest parallel-group randomized controlled trial.
Eligibility criteria
This trial accepts healthy volunteersQualifiers
Age 18 years or older
Being a fourth-year nursing student at Ege University Faculty of Nursing during the 2025-2026 academic year
Actively participating in clinical practice during the study period
Voluntarily agreeing to participate in the study and providing informed consent
Disqualifiers
Withdrawing from the study at any time
Incomplete or incorrectly completed pretest or posttest assessments
Failure to participate regularly in the intervention process, including failure to complete the learning plan and reflective evaluations in the intervention group
Having a serious health, psychological, or cognitive condition that may affect clinical practice or learning behaviors, based on self-report
Trial design
Design model
Parallel
Treatments tested in this trial
ChatGPT-Supported Metacognitive Feedback
BehavioralParticipants assigned to the experimental group will receive ChatGPT-supported metacognitive feedback during clinical nursing practice for up to six weeks. Students will prepare structured reflective texts focusing on their learning goals, strategies, monitoring, and self-evaluation. These reflections will be processed using a researcher-developed metacognitive feedback framework with ChatGPT. ChatGPT will generate metacognitive and Socratic prompts intended to support students' awareness and regulation of their learning processes. No patient-identifying information will be entered into ChatGPT, and ChatGPT will not provide clinical decisions, treatment recommendations, or judgments regarding the correctness of patient care.
Routine Clinical Education and Traditional Feedback
BehavioralParticipants assigned to the control group will continue routine clinical nursing education during the study period. Students will participate in their usual clinical practice and prepare patient education plans as part of their standard educational activities. They will receive traditional verbal and written feedback from clinical instructors and faculty members. No ChatGPT-supported metacognitive feedback will be provided to the control group during the intervention period.
Treatment groups
106 Participants
are divided into 2 treatment groupsGroup A: ChatGPT-Supported Metacognitive FeedbackExperimental treatment 1 intervention
Group B: Routine Clinical EducationActive comparator 1 intervention
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
1
Change in Metacognitive Awareness
Metacognitive awareness will be assessed using the Metacognitive Awareness Inventory. The inventory evaluates metacognitive knowledge and metacognitive regulation. Higher scores indicate higher levels of metacognitive awareness. Changes in scores from baseline to post-intervention will be compared between the intervention and control groups.
Time frame
Baseline and immediately after the 6-week intervention2
Change in Self-Regulated Learning in Clinical Nursing Practice
Self-regulated learning will be assessed using the Self-Regulated Learning Scale in Clinical Nursing Practice. The 16-item scale includes motivation and learning strategies domains. Higher scores indicate higher levels of self-regulated learning. Changes in scores from baseline to post-intervention will be compared between the intervention and control groups.
Time frame
Baseline and immediately after the 6-week interventionLocations
Sponsors and contacts
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Source ClinicalTrials.gov
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