This Clinical Trials Network for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Associated Cervical Cancer Screening and Treatment Optimization (CASCADE)-3001-B trial aims to assess how the introduction of a community-health-worker-facilitated model, in addition to the existing static clinic-only model, influences the rates of cervical cancer screening uptake among women living with HIV (WLWH). This study involves offering human papillomavirus (HPV) self-collection for cervical cancer screening to eligible WLWH.
The 'CASCADE' Network is a clinical trials network aimed at improving cervical cancer screening, management, and pre-cancer treatment for WLWH, in various healthcare settings. The network will conduct implementation trials to improve the triage of HPV-positive WLWH, as well as algorithms to optimize access to and options for effective treatment. Trials will be conducted using a mixed-methods approach aimed at assessing implementation strategies and outcomes and their potential to integrate into existing health systems.
Further understanding of HPV-based community-based strategies to reach WLWH, and the acceptability, feasibility, appropriateness, and cost of these strategies will be valuable for cervical cancer screening programs serving WLWH. Inputs from various 'CASCADE' Clinical Sites (CS) regarding feasible screening outreach options available in their settings for WLWH have guided this study that focuses on evaluating a pragmatic HPV self-collection implementation model to improve access to screening.
While it is clear that HPV self-collection is a highly acceptable and feasible screening option, creating opportunities to conduct self-collection in alternative venues outside the clinic premises, and with the guidance of and facilitation by trusted community healthcare workers (CHWs) is an important implementation strategy that needs to be evaluated and considered for its potential benefit. Studies have not yet evaluated a community-based approach for HPV self-collection kit distribution among WLWH - who may have different characteristics, preferences, and access to screening services than women not living with HIV. Providing WLWH with the option of receiving HPV self-collection kits in their own homes or other community-based settings ('community-based HPV self-collection') is a novel implementation strategy that could improve cervical cancer screening rates among eligible women. Therefore, this novel trial aims to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of implementing community-based HPV self-collection among WLWH.
These clinics should also have the ability to collect their own data.
Such clinics could be supported by national programs and bilateral donor-funded initiatives
Are living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Are 25-49 years of age, or as recommended by the Zimbabwe National Screening Guidelines
Have had their cervix removed
Are pregnant or <6 weeks post-delivery
Were positive on their most recent cervical cancer screening test and referred for further evaluation or treatment, but did not complete their referral
Have previously been treated for invasive cervical cancer
Parallel
Model 1- Screening in Clinic Only
Diagnostic testModel 1 involves only the recommended standard-of-care of cervical cancer screening Human Papillomavirus (HPV) self-collection, if available, or Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid and Cervicography (VIAC), if HPV-based testing is not available) to clients who are due for screening at clinics that distribute Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) to Women living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (WLWH). Efforts will be made to ensure availability of HPV kits for Model 1 clinics.
Model 2 - Screening in Clinic and Community
Diagnostic testModel 2 will include clinic-based Human Papillomavirus (HPV) self-collection, as well as the implementation strategy of providing community-based distribution for HPV self-collection via Community Health workers (CHWs). Women living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (WLWH) who are due and overdue for cervical cancer screening will be identified via line lists and appointment directories.
Cervical cancer monthly screening rates
Monthly cervical cancer screening rates among Women living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (WLWH) will be compared between two models: (1) standard-of-care screening at static clinics only (Model 1) , and (2) Human Papillomavirus (HPV) self-collection offered at static clinics and through a community-based strategy by community health workers (CHWs)(Model 2). Standard-of-care for Model 1 is defined as HPV self-collection when available or Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid and Cervicography (VIAC) when HPV-based screening is not available.
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UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center
Lead sponsor
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Collaborator
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