Bronchiolitis is a common lower respiratory tract infection that often leads to hospitalization in infants. The use of nebulized 3% hypertonic saline for treating bronchiolitis is being explored as an alternative to Salbutamol. In nebulizers, normal saline serves as a diluent, allowing water molecules or drugs to be inhaled into the lungs. However, there has been limited research on this topic, and no local trials have been conducted.
This study aims to compare the effectiveness of 3% hypertonic saline and Salbutamol in treating bronchiolitis. A randomized controlled trial will be conducted at the Department of Pediatric Medicine, Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Lahore, over one year, involving 100 infants divided into two groups: one receiving 3% hypertonic saline and the other receiving Salbutamol. The RDAI score will be evaluated before and during treatment to assess recovery time. Data will be collected using a proforma and analyzed with SPSS v25. The study aims to determine which treatment leads to faster symptom control and shorter hospital stays, with significance defined as a p-value ≤0.05. The findings will guide future treatment choices for infants with bronchiolitis.
Infants aged 2-24 months
Gender; Both Male and female patients.
Presenting with bronchiolitis (as per operational definition)
Congenital heart disease
Immune deficiency
Parallel
3% Hypertonic Saline
Procedure/SurgeryIn this arm of the study, participants will receive nebulized 3% hypertonic saline as the primary treatment for bronchiolitis. The administration of hypertonic saline is aimed at reducing airway edema and improving mucociliary clearance in infants experiencing respiratory distress due to bronchiolitis.
Intervention: Salbutamol (Ventolin)
Procedure/SurgeryIn this arm of the study, participants will receive nebulized Salbutamol, a bronchodilator commonly used in the management of bronchospasm associated with respiratory conditions, including bronchiolitis. The objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of Salbutamol in comparison to 3% hypertonic saline in improving the clinical outcomes of infants with bronchiolitis.
Change in Respiratory Distress Assessment Instrument (RDAI) Score
The outcome measures of this study include the change in Respiratory Distress Assessment Instrument , assessed at baseline and on days 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of treatment, as well as the time to complete recovery, defined as achieving an score of less than 5.
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