Comparison of the Effects of Different Chest Techniques on University Students With Smoking Addiction
ConditionSmoking
Trial statusRecruiting
Trial phaseNot applicable
Trial typeInterventional
Biological sexAll
Age18-24
SponsorUniversity of Yalova
About this trial
Smoking is a significant risk factor for heart, lung, and respiratory system diseases, and is particularly prevalent among young people and university students. In Turkey, tobacco use is high in the 15-24 age group, and smoking rates among university students are reported to be between 20% and 43%. Besides causing COPD and other respiratory diseases, smoking negatively impacts performance by increasing fatigue, dyspnea, and pain during exercise. It impairs lung function, reducing respiratory volumes such as FVC and FEV1. PNF and chest mobility exercises targeting the chest area can improve respiratory parameters by increasing respiratory muscle function and thoracic mobility. Recent studies show that chest PNF techniques have positive effects on lung function, chest expansion, and some physiological parameters, especially in smokers.
Eligibility criteria
This trial accepts healthy volunteersQualifiers
Age of 18-24 years
Fagerström Nicotine Dependence Questionnaire score ≥4
Smoking for at least 2 years
Daily smoking ≥5 cigarettes and at least 90 pack-years. Stable condition (no acute respiratory infection in the last 4 weeks).
Disqualifiers
Cardiac event or lung surgery in the last 6 months
Respiratory problems such as COPD, asthma
Orthopedic and neurological problems
Termination of volunteering
Trial design
Design model
Parallel
Treatments tested in this trial
Chest PNF Techniques Group
Other interventionThe combined isotonic contraction technique will be used to improve respiratory control. In all positions, the patient is asked to exhale first. Pressure and stretching are applied in the opposite direction of the movement. As the patient inhales, resistance is controlled. Supine position: Both hands are placed on the sternum and oblique downward pressure is applied. The hands are placed parallel and diagonally along the lateral chest wall, above the lower ribs. To focus on the upper chest region, the hands are similarly placed on the pectoral muscles. Side-lying position: Both hands are placed parallel and diagonally along the lateral chest wall above the lower ribs. This position is beneficial to resist chest movement in the lower region and thus distribute the force to chest movement in the upper region. Prone position: The hands are placed parallel and diagonally along the lower ribs. In the forearm position, one hand is placed on the sternum and the other on the intercostal region
Chest Mobility Exercises Group
Other interventionChest rotation, Passive lateral flexion while lying on the side, Mobilization of the thoracic facet joint while lying on the back, Trunk rotation in sitting position, Moving the arm in front of the chest while sitting, Cat-camel exercise, Pectoral stretch, Chest mobility in crawling position.
Treatment groups
30 Participants
are divided into 3 treatment groupsGroup A: Chest PNF Techniques GroupExperimental treatment 1 intervention
Group B: Chest Mobility Exercises GroupExperimental treatment 1 intervention
Group C: ControlNo intervention 0 interventions
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
1
Dyspnea Assessment
Modified Medical Research Council -mMRC: The mMRC used for dyspnea assessment consists of five stages. Stage 0 represents mild dyspnea, and Stage 4 represents severe dyspnea (Bestall et al., 1999).
Time frame
Baseline and through study completion, an average of 6 weeks2
Pulmonary Function Testing
Measurements are taken with a portable spirometer (Cosmed Pony FX, Cosmed, Rome, Italy) while the patient is in a seated position. Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) is measured (Miller et al., 2005).
Time frame
Baseline and through study completion, an average of 6 weeks3
Pulmonary Function Testing
Measurements are taken with a portable spirometer (Cosmed Pony FX, Cosmed, Rome, Italy) while the patient is in a seated position. Forced vital capacity (FVC) is measured (Miller et al., 2005).
Time frame
Baseline and through study completion, an average of 6 weeks4
Pulmonary Function Testing
Measurements are taken with a portable spirometer (Cosmed Pony FX, Cosmed, Rome, Italy) while the patient is in a seated position. The ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) is measured (Miller et al., 2005).
Time frame
Baseline and through study completion, an average of 6 weeksSponsors and contacts
Click on the lead sponsor to view all of their trials.
Source ClinicalTrials.gov