The primary objective of this prospective observational study is to compare the effects of synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation in pressure-controlled mode (SIMV-PC) and volume-controlled mode (SIMV-VC) on resting energy expenditure (REE) measured by indirect calorimetry in adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation.
The primary metabolic parameters to be evaluated are oxygen consumption (VO₂), carbon dioxide production (VCO₂), resting energy expenditure (REE), and respiratory quotient (RQ). Secondary objectives include comparison of respiratory rate, tidal volume, minute ventilation,arterial blood gas parameters, mechanical power, ventilator mechanics, hemodynamic variables, sedation level, and patient-ventilator synchrony between the two ventilation modes.
The results of this study may contribute to identifying ventilation strategies associated with lower energy expenditure while maintaining adequate ventilatory support in critically ill patients and may help optimize individualized ventilator management and nutritional therapy.
Adults aged 18 to 80 years.
Receiving invasive mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit.
Receiving continuous enteral nutrition during indirect calorimetry measurements.
Hemodynamically stable (mean arterial pressure ≥65 mmHg without significant increase in vasopressor requirement).
Age <18 years or >80 years.
Pregnancy.
Hemodynamic instability.
High vasopressor requirement or marked increase in vasopressor dosage.
Receiving invasive mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit. Receiving continuous enteral nutrition during indirect calorimetry measurements.
Other
Prospective
Volume-controlled ventilation
Other interventionIn intensive care patients monitored with mechanical ventilation, energy consumption will be monitored using indirect calorimetry after volume-controlled ventilation.
Pressure-controlled ventilation
Other interventionIn intensive care patients monitored with mechanical ventilation, energy consumption will be monitored using indirect calorimetry after pressure-controlled ventilation.
Resting energy expenditure (REE) measured by indirect calorimetry.
Resting energy expenditure (REE) measured by indirect calorimetry.
Respiratory rate
Respiratory rate
Tidal volume
Tidal volume
Peak inspiratory pressure (Ppeak)
Peak inspiratory pressure (Ppeak)
Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)
Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)
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