This study aims to evaluate the performance of the PTAIR computer vision model for recognizing parathyroid glands and recurrent laryngeal nerves during endoscopic thyroid surgery. Multicenter intraoperative endoscopic surgery videos will be prospectively collected. Using the video recorder timeline as the unified time reference, the first recognition time of parathyroid glands and recurrent laryngeal nerves by PTAIR, junior physicians, and senior physicians will be recorded during surgery. The continuous recognition time of parathyroid glands and recurrent laryngeal nerves by PTAIR will also be recorded.
This study focuses on the recognition performance of PTAIR in real-world multicenter endoscopic thyroid surgery settings. At this stage, PTAIR will not be used to guide intraoperative surgical decision-making, and the study will not evaluate the effect of PTAIR on clinical outcomes. The collected video data will be used to assess the performance of PTAIR under different centers, surgeons, equipment conditions, and surgical field conditions, and may provide data support for future model optimization.
Age 18 years or older.
Patients with benign or malignant thyroid disease who are scheduled to undergo endoscopic thyroid surgery.
Standardized recorder-based intraoperative video collection is planned during surgery.
Patients agree to intraoperative video recording, de-identification, and research use.
Refusal to provide informed consent.
Patients scheduled to undergo conventional open thyroid surgery.
Standardized recorder-based intraoperative video collection cannot be performed.
Intraoperative video quality is insufficient for model analysis or expert review.
The study population includes adult patients with benign or malignant thyroid disease who are scheduled to undergo endoscopic thyroid surgery at participating centers. Eligible patients will be prospectively enrolled during the study period if they meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria, agree to intraoperative video recording and research use, and have standardized recorder-based endoscopic surgical videos available. The study will evaluate PTAIR recognition performance for parathyroid glands and recurrent laryngeal nerves and compare it with recognition by junior and senior physicians based on the same intraoperative endoscopic visual field and the same video recording timeline.
Cohort
Prospective
PTAIR Computer Vision Model Assessment
Other interventionPTAIR is a computer vision model used to recognize parathyroid glands and recurrent laryngeal nerves in endoscopic thyroid surgery videos. In this observational study, PTAIR will be used to analyze recorder-based intraoperative videos and evaluate first recognition time, continuous recognition time, and recognition performance. PTAIR results will be compared with recognition by junior and senior physicians based on the same intraoperative endoscopic visual field and the same video recording timeline. At this stage, PTAIR will not be used to guide intraoperative surgical decision-making.
First Recognition Time of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve
Using the video recorder timeline as the unified time reference, the first recognition time of the recurrent laryngeal nerve by PTAIR, junior physicians, and senior physicians will be recorded during surgery. All recognitions will be based on the same intraoperative endoscopic visual field.
First Recognition Time of the Parathyroid Gland
Using the video recorder timeline as the unified time reference, the first recognition time of the parathyroid gland by PTAIR, junior physicians, and senior physicians will be recorded during surgery. All recognitions will be based on the same intraoperative endoscopic visual field.
Continuous Recognition Time of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve
Using the video recorder timeline as the unified time reference, the continuous recognition time of the recurrent laryngeal nerve by PTAIR will be recorded during surgery.
Continuous Recognition Time of the Parathyroid Gland
Using the video recorder timeline as the unified time reference, the continuous recognition time of the parathyroid gland by PTAIR will be recorded during surgery.
AP50 for Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Recognition
Based on expert-reviewed annotations, AP50 will be calculated for PTAIR recognition of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. AP50 refers to the average precision at an intersection-over-union threshold of 0.50.
AP50 for Parathyroid Gland Recognition
Based on expert-reviewed annotations, AP50 will be calculated for PTAIR recognition of the parathyroid gland. AP50 refers to the average precision at an intersection-over-union threshold of 0.50.
Comparison of First Recognition Time of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Between PTAIR and Physicians
The first recognition time of the recurrent laryngeal nerve will be compared among PTAIR, junior physicians, and senior physicians during surgery.
Comparison of First Recognition Time of the Parathyroid Gland Between PTAIR and Physicians
The first recognition time of the parathyroid gland will be compared among PTAIR, junior physicians, and senior physicians during surgery.
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Fujian Medical University
Lead sponsor
Peking University Shenzhen Hospital
Collaborator
Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University
Collaborator
First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University
Collaborator
First Hospital of China Medical University
Collaborator
The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
Collaborator
Peking Union Medical College Hospital
Collaborator
United Family Healthcare
Collaborator
Longyan First Hospital, Affiliated to Fujian Medical University
Collaborator
Mahidol University
Collaborator
Rio de Janeiro State University
Collaborator
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