This controlled trial aims to investigate the neural adaptations induced by a 4-week resistance training program targeting the triceps surae muscles. Specifically, the study will examine the contribution of the corticospinal and reticulospinal pathways to the nervous adaptations associated with resistance training. It will give us more information about the nervous pathways mediating adaptations following this type of training. The main question it aims to answer is: What is the contribution of the cortico- and reticulospinal tracts to the nervous adaptations following a resistance training program?
Participants will take part to a resistance training program of the triceps surae for 4 weeks. They will undergo assessments of corticospinal and reticulospinal excitability before and after the training intervention to determine changes in neural pathways
The findings will improve our understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying strength gains following resistance training.
Male or female participants aged 18 to 40 years
Willing and able to provide written informed consent
No regular participation (>1 session per week) in resistance training aimed at increasing maximal strength
Affiliated with, or beneficiary of, a social security system
Personal or family history of epilepsy
Conditions associated with a significantly reduced seizure threshold, including sleep deprivation, extreme fatigue, or jet lag
Use of medications or substances known to lower the seizure threshold
Use of medications that may influence neurophysiological measures (e.g., neuroleptics, anxiolytics, antidepressants, anticonvulsants)
Single group
Resistance training
BehavioralParticipants will complete a 4-week resistance training program targeting the triceps sure muscles (3 sessions per week).
the change in maximum force achieved during a maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) of plantar flexion (the primary action of the triceps surae muscles).
The maximum force, achieved during a maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), will be recorded using an isokinetic ergometer (Biodex Medical Systems Inc., Shirley, NY, USA).
The changes in the amplitude of electrophysiological responses evoked by magnetic or electrical stimulation at different levels of the neuromuscular system (cortical, thoracic, peripheral nerve).
Electrophysiological responses will be recorded using surface electromyography (sEMG), with electromyography electrodes (Contrôle Graphique Medical, Brie-Compte-Robert, France) placed on the muscle surface of the muscles under study. The following techniques will be used to elicit these responses, whether or not they are conditioned by auditory stimulation: intense auditory stimulation at 115 dB (SSI) coupled with a visual stimulus (i.e., the illumination of a red light-emitting diode, LED); non-intense auditory stimulation at 70 dB (SS) coupled with the illumination of a red LED; the illumination of the red LED without any sound stimulation (V).
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