Cord Clamping Among Neonates With Congenital Heart Disease

Global Rank Score (Infant participant)

Mortality=97;Heart transplant=96;Complication preventing cardiac intervention=95;Pre or Post-intervention neurologic complication=95;Pre or Post-intervention respiratory failure w/tracheostomy=95;Renal failure permanent dialysis=95;Unplanned cardiac surgery after initial cardiac intervention=94;Cardiac arrest=94;Pre or Post-intervention multisystem organ failure=94;Mechanical circulatory support=94;Pre-intervention polycythemia w/exchange transfusion/hemodilution=93;Unplanned cardiac catheterization after initial cardiac intervention=93;Pre-intervention mechanical ventilation=93;Pre-intervention necrotizing enterocolitis(Bell's II/III)=93;Pre-intervention shock=93;Pre-intervention unplanned hospitalization=93;Post-intervention bleeding reoperation=93;Delayed sternal closure=93;Pre-intervention renal failure temporary dialysis=93;Post-intervention renal failure, temporary dialysis=92;Post-intervention mechanical ventilation \>7 days=92;Hospital length of stay \>90 days=91,1-90 days=1-90

Neuromotor Outcomes at 3-4 months of age (Infant participant)

General Movements Assessment (GMA): The General Movements Assessment is used to identify absent or abnormal general movements in infants. General movements are spontaneous movements exhibited during fetal development and through the first 6 months of life after birth. Trained investigators will evaluate the infants general movements as: 1) Fidgety present; 2) Fidgety abnormal; and 3) Absent fidgety where "Fidgety present" is considered normal, and the other two outcomes are considered abnormal.

Impact of infant's congenital heart disease (Parents / Caregivers)

Questionnaire/Survey on the impact of infant's congenital heart disease upon the family dynamic; Impact on Family Scale - Revised: The Impact on Family Scale - Revised is a questionnaire for parents / caregivers used to evaluate perceptions of the impact of an infant's chronic medical condition (e.g., congenital heart disease) upon the family. The IFS-R uses a 4-point Likert-type scale (strongly agree to strongly disagree) for responses. High scores correlate with parental / caregiver stressors and psychiatric symptoms, poor infant health, and increased pediatric hospitalizations and/or health maintenance requirement, representing worse outcomes.

Impact of infant's congenital heart disease (Parents / Caregivers)

Questionnaire/Survey on the impact of infant's congenital heart disease upon the family dynamic; Functional Status II - Revised, Short Form: The Functional Status II - Revised, Short Form will be used to evaluate the functional status of infants that have been diagnosed with and undergone treatment for congenital heart disease. This survey, completed by parents / caregivers, is used to evaluate a core of 14 items using a 3-point Likert scale. The respondent (parent / caregiver) first rates the extent of difficulty with specific behaviors that the infant experiences, and then rates for those behaviors with difficulty, the extent to which the difficulty is due to the infants chronic illness. Higher scores generally indicate a reduced burden of chronic heart disease impacting the family, and therefore, a better outcome.

Impact of infant's congenital heart disease (Parents / Caregivers)

Questionnaire/Survey on the impact of infant's congenital heart disease upon the family dynamic; Impact on Family Scale - Revised: The Impact on Family Scale - Revised is a questionnaire for parents / caregivers used to evaluate perceptions of the impact of an infant's chronic medical condition (e.g., congenital heart disease) upon the family. The IFS-R uses a 4-point Likert-type scale (strongly agree to strongly disagree) for responses. High scores correlate with parental / caregiver stressors and psychiatric symptoms, poor infant health, and increased pediatric hospitalizations and/or health maintenance requirement, representing worse outcomes.