Delayed Short Dental Implants With Immediate Loading

Bleeding On Probing Index (BOP):

BOP was regarded as an indicator of inflammation of the periodontal and peri-implant tissues. Gentle probing of the orifice of the gingival crevice. If bleeding occurs within 10 seconds a positive finding is recorded.

Peri- implant mucosal tissue index (MTI):

This index was proposed as part of the Toronto study in light of the significance of mucosal inflammation on peri-implant conditions during monitoring. It is based on the appearance, consistency, and texture of the peri- implant mucosa. The scores are listed below: Score 0: Normal mucosa. Score 1: Mild inflammation with slight color change and edema. Score 2: Moderate inflammation with redness, edema, and glazing. Score 3: Severe inflammation, redness, edema, and ulceration.

Jemt papilla index:

Index 0: No interproximal papilla is present. Index 1: Less than half of the height of the papilla is present (less than half of the distance between the imaginary cervical line and the interdental contact point). Index 2: At least half of the height of the papilla is present (half or more than half of the distance between the imaginary cervical line and the interdental contact point, however without filling up all interdental space). Index 3: The papilla is present and fills up the entire interdental space. Index 4: The gingival papilla is hyperplastic and covers part of the crown of the adjacent tooth or denture.

Probing Pocket Depth (PPD)

The distance recorded in mm from the mucosal margin to the base of the pocket. According to the peri- implant condition, the PPD is often deeper (≥6 mm) in disease or shallower (\< 6 mm) in health. It should be emphasized, however, that deep PPD may be identified in the absence of disease in scenarios exhibiting thick crestal mucosa.

Implant stability

• Primary implant stability is the biomechanical stability of implants upon placement. With the Smart Peg in place, a Mega ISQ Osstell probe, positioned perpendicular to the Smart Peg, is employed to assess implant stability in four directions. A continuous audible signal indicated successful measurement, and the implant stability quotient (ISQ) value is displayed on the device screen. ISQ values are recorded for mesio-distal, disto-mesial, bucco-lingual, and lingo-buccal directions. The scale is numbered from 0 to 100. The higher the implant stability quotient (ISQ) values, the more stable the implant. • Secondary implant stability is measured following new bone development around the implant's surface over time, biological fixation of the implants to the surrounding bone develops.

Marginal bone loss

Evaluation of the buccal bone level (BBL), palatal bone level (PBL) or lingual bone level (LBL), mesial bone level (MBL), and distal bone level (DBL) is performed with two views, coronal and sagittal, are utilized in the determination of mesial and distal and buccal and palatal / lingual marginal bone levels around the implant, respectively.

Bone density Recording

Bone density is assessed in terms of Hounsfield unit (HU) in pre-operative and 3 months post-operative CBCT scans. The quality of bone is grouped into D1, D2, D3, and D4 types of bone. Bone density is recorded from the sagittal view. The total length of the implant is measured and then divided into three parts, representing the coronal, middle, and apical thirds, and the readings are recorded from the mesial and distal aspects of the fixture. Measurements are taken from around approximately 2 mm in a parallel manner away from the implant fixture. Then, those six readings are divided by 6 to get the mean value of bone density around each implant.