Diaphragmatic Facilitation and Upper Extremity Performance in Volleyball Players
ConditionVolleyball Players
Trial statusRecruiting
Trial phaseNot applicable
Trial typeInterventional
Biological sexAll
Age18-30
SponsorIstinye University
About this trial
The diaphragm contributes to both respiration and trunk stabilization. Effective diaphragmatic function may support postural control, force transfer, and upper extremity performance during dynamic activities. However, evidence regarding the immediate effects of manual diaphragmatic facilitation on upper extremity performance in athletes remains limited.
This study aims to investigate the immediate effects of manual diaphragmatic facilitation on upper extremity performance and respiratory function in actively participating volleyball players. Participants will receive an approximately 15-minute session of manual diaphragmatic facilitation. Pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, and upper extremity strength, stability, and endurance will be assessed immediately before and after the intervention. Assessments will include spirometry, maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures, the Medicine Ball Throw Test, the Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test, and the Scapular Endurance Test.
Eligibility criteria
This trial accepts healthy volunteersQualifiers
Aged between 18 and 30 years.
Regularly participating in volleyball for at least one year.
Training at least twice per week or actively participating in volleyball at the league or tournament level.
No history of a serious upper extremity or trunk injury within the previous six months, i-including injuries affecting the shoulder, scapular region, or spine.
Disqualifiers
History of surgery involving the upper extremity, spine, or trunk within the previous six months, including shoulder arthroscopy or spinal disc surgery.
Presence of an active musculoskeletal injury, including tendinopathy, bursitis, or ligament injury.
Presence of a diagnosed respiratory disease, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or bronchiectasis.
Presence of a diagnosed postural or spinal deformity that may affect study assessments, including scoliosis, clinically significant kyphosis, or clinically significant lordosis.
Trial design
Design model
Parallel
Treatments tested in this trial
Diaphragmatic Facilitation
Other interventionFollowing a standardized dynamic warm-up, participants in the intervention group will receive a single session of manual resisted diaphragmatic facilitation.
Sham Facilitation
Other interventionParticipants in the control group will complete the same dynamic warm-up protocol, followed by a sham intervention consisting of superficial, non-facilitatory palpation and general breathing instructions.
Treatment groups
50 Participants
are divided into 2 treatment groupsGroup A: Intervention GroupExperimental treatment 1 intervention
Group B: Control GroupExperimental treatment 1 intervention
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
1
Forced Vital Capacity
Forced vital capacity is the maximum volume of air that a participant can forcibly exhale after taking the deepest possible breath. It will be measured by spirometry and recorded in liters. Higher values generally indicate greater ventilatory capacity, whereas lower values may indicate reduced pulmonary capacity or expiratory limitation.
Time frame
4 weeks2
Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second
Forced expiratory volume in one second is the volume of air that a participant can forcibly exhale during the first second of a forced expiratory maneuver. It will be measured by spirometry and recorded in liters. Higher values generally indicate better expiratory airflow, whereas lower values may indicate reduced expiratory airflow.
Time frame
4 weeks3
Ratio of Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second to Forced Vital Capacity
The ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity represents the proportion of the forced vital capacity exhaled during the first second of a forced expiratory maneuver. It will be calculated from spirometric measurements and reported as a percentage. Higher values generally indicate a greater proportion of air expelled during the first second, whereas lower values may indicate expiratory airflow limitation. The results will be interpreted with consideration of age- and sex-appropriate reference values.
Time frame
4 weeks4
Maximal Inspiratory Pressure
Maximal inspiratory pressure will be used to assess inspiratory muscle strength, primarily reflecting the function of the diaphragm and other inspiratory muscles. The measurement will be repeated three times, and the highest valid value will be recorded in centimeters of water. A higher absolute pressure value indicates greater inspiratory muscle strength, whereas a lower absolute pressure value indicates weaker inspiratory muscle strength.
Time frame
4 weeksSponsors and contacts
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Source ClinicalTrials.gov