Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in the central nervous system. The disease affects the white matter, cortex and deep gray matter of the central nervous system and is characterized by inflammatory-demyelinating lesions and neuronal/axonal degeneration. Demyelination associated with these lesions and the accompanying axonal degeneration are responsible for neurological disability in MS. There are many scales and mobility and functional performance tests in the literature to assess balance, such as the Sit Reach Test, Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, Tinetti Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA), Berg Balance Scale (BBS) (5) and Balance Evaluation System Test (BESTest). The most appropriate balance assessment scales for individuals with MS are those that assess static and dynamic sitting balance while standing and dynamic balance only. Since balance in individuals with MS is a dynamic process that changes gradually, new measurement methods that can record these changes and determine the appropriate treatment for these variables are needed.
The Dubousset Functional Test (DFT) was developed by Dr. Jean Dubousset as a four-component practical assessment to evaluate the physical function and balance capacity of individuals with spinal deformity. The DFT consists of four components: getting up from an armless chair and walking 5 meters forward and backward, ascending and descending steps, transition from standing to sitting position, and gait assessment with a dual task test (counting backwards from 50). The difference of this test from the others is that it evaluates the spinopelvic muscle groups that are directly related to functionality, maintains the global trunk alignment of the individual and provides objective results about functional performance and balance. In addition, unlike other functional performance tests, the DFT assesses the neurophysiological effects of the process that requires individuals to perform two tasks at the same time by measuring their coordination, balance, attention and thinking skills during functioning through a dual task component. The validity and reliability of this test has been previously investigated in low back pain, stroke, parkinson's disease, elderly individuals and hemiplegia. In this study, it was aimed to examine the validity and reliability of the Dubousset functional test in individuals with multiple sclerosis.
Being diagnosed with MS,
Over 18 years of age and under 65 years of age,
To be able to balance independently in standing position.
EDSS score of 3.5 and below
Relapse within the last 30 days,
Loss of balance or gait disturbance affected by a condition other than MS,
Being pregnant for female individuals,
An attack of optic neuritis in the last month
Thirty-three individuals with MS who met the inclusion criteria will be included in the study. G-Power 3.1.9.2 program was used to estimate the required sample size and it was observed that the effect obtained in the reference study was strong (d = 0.731) (17). As a result of the power analysis performed with the assumption that this effect size could be obtained again, it was calculated that 95% statistical power would be obtained at 95% confidence level if at least 33 people were included in the study.
Other
Cross-sectional
Not listed
Dubousset Functional Testing in Individuals with MS
The aim of this study is to investigate the validity and reliability of the Dubousset functional test in individuals with multiple sclerosis.The Dubousset Functional Test consists of four components; 1. Get Up and Walk Test: Individuals with MS will stand up unassisted from a seated position in a chair without arms, walk 5 meters (500 cm), turn around, walk back 5 meters and sit down again unassisted. 2. Step Test: individuals with MS will climb three steps of stairs from a starting position 50 cm away, turn around on the third step and walk back down. 3. Sit and stand test: Individuals with MS will sit on the floor from a standing position with assistance if necessary and stand up again with assistance if necessary. 4. Dual Task Test: Individuals with MS will walk 5 meters forward, turn around and walk 5 meters backward while performing a memory exercise (counting down from 50 in 2 intervals).
TUG (Timed Up and Go) Test
The TUG test is a tool designed to assess dynamic balance, walking speed and mobility. To complete the test, participants are required to get up from a chair with armrests, walk 3 m, turn, walk back and sit on the chair. The completion time of the test is recorded with a stopwatch (3).
Dual Task TUG (Additional Cognitive Task)
During the TUG test, counting backwards by twos from 50 will be used as an additional cognitive task. When the test had to be repeated, individuals continued counting from the number they had left off. Counting errors will be ignored.
Tinetti POMA
It is also called the Tinetti Mobility Test and is a reliable and valid clinical test used to measure balance and walking abilities. It consists of a total POMA scale (POMA-T), a balance subscale (POMA-B) and a gait subscale (POMA-G). Each step is scored between 0 (maximum inability) and 2 (complete independence).
Berg Balance Scale (BBS)
It is a widely used measurement tool to assess functional balance. The BBS consists of 14 items and each item is scored between 0 and 4 according to the level of balance impairment. Higher scores on the BDI indicate better balance performance.
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Inonu University
Lead sponsor
TC Erciyes University
Sponsor institution
Kayseri Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine
Collaborator
