The goal of this observational study with a cross-sectional design is to investigate what signs, symptoms and assessment which can describe and explain dysfunctional breathing in patients with post COVID-19 condition. The main question aims to answer which measurements can identify and asses dysfunctional breathing in patients with post COVID-19 condition?
Participants for this study will be recruited from the ReCov cohort will be evaluated with diffrent measurments and questionnaires.
Patients that state that they have persistent respiratory problems, have 2 or higher on mMRC scale or 23 and over on the Nijmegen scale will be included.
Not able to perform the measurements because of cognitive or physical impairments, ongoing intervention of breathing exercises.
Patients (approximately n=200) for this study will be recruited from the ReCov cohort. All patients will be \> 18 years old. Patients that state that they have persistent respiratory problems and abnormal clinical respiratory findings will be included. Patients will also be recruited from primary care if they have suspected dysfunctional breathing pattern (unable to breathe with a normal breathing pattern in standing)
Cohort
Cross-sectional
Not listed
Breathing pattern by Respiratory Movement Measuring Instrument (RMMI) and Health-related Quality of Life (EQ-5D-5L)
Will be assesed in a supine position, using the RMMI. First, during 30 seconds of tidal volume breathing. Second, during 60 seconds of performing maximal breathing manoeuvres interspaced by tidal volume breathing and then during 60 seconds after performing activity that triggers dyspnea. The RMMI records bilateral changes in the anterior posterior diameter, including both upper and lower thoracic and abdominal movements. Health-related Quality of Life is measured with EuroQualityOf Life 5 dimensions questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L), which is an instrument that evaluates the generic quality of life. EQ-5D includes a descriptive system, which comprises 5 dimensions of health: mobility, selfcare, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression. A descriptive index-score between 0-1, higher score indicates higher HRQoL. EQ-5D also includes a visual analog scale (VAS), which records self-rated health status on a graduated (0-100) scale, with higher scores for higher HRQoL
Maximal Inspiratory Pressure (MIP)
Maximal Inspiratory muscle strength (MIP) will be measured with Micro RPM in cmH2O
Maximal Expiratory Pressure ( MEP)
Maximal expiratory muscle strength (MEP) will be measured with Micro-RPM in cm H20
Chest mobility
Chest mobility will be measured with a tape measure at the xiphoid process and the 4th rib
Six-minute walk test (6MWT)
Six-minute walk to measure endurance (in meters)
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Karolinska Institutet
Lead sponsor
Karolinska University Hospital
Collaborator
