Exercise places serious demands on the body. These demands are fundamentally caused by increases in oxygen demand and the consequent increase in body temperature. These demands are met by several physiological responses, including increases in heart rate, blood pressure, breathing and blood flow. These responses must be proportional to the increase in demand and some signal must relay information from the muscle to the brain. Group III/IV afferents do just this. They relay information about the muscle (movement, temperature, acidity, etc.) up to the brain so that appropriate responses are mounted. There is strong evidence in animals that group III/IV afferents play a key role in making breathing easier (decreasing airway resistance) and initiating sweating and blood flow responses. There has been no research on the role of group III/IV afferents on these fundamental exercise responses in humans. The investigators propose to isolate the role of group III/IV afferents on regulate airway resistance, sweating and blood flow responses to exercise in humans.
regularly physically active as determined via questionnaires (Par-Q & You)
maximal aerobic power 30 mL/min/kg (female), 40 mL/kg/min (male)
current smokers
acute bronchial asthma
diabetics
chronic back pain
Crossover
EXERCISE TRAINING WITH OR WITHOUT MEDICATION
DrugCycling exercise with group III/IV afferent feedback blocked via drug
Airway resistance
Calculated based of work of breathing and ventilation flow rate
Sweat rate
Local eccrine sweat rates at 3 different sites
Skin blood flow
Skin blood flux measured at different skin sites
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