This prospective observational study aims to investigate whether central sensitization influences the response to physical therapy in patients with partial supraspinatus tendon tears. Participants will undergo standardized clinical evaluation before treatment and after a 6-week physical therapy program. Pain intensity, shoulder function, disability, and central sensitization-related symptoms will be assessed using validated outcome measures. The study seeks to determine the relationship between baseline central sensitization status and treatment outcomes, thereby identifying factors that may predict rehabilitation success and support individualized treatment strategies for patients with partial supraspinatus tears.
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The study population will consist of adult patients aged 18-65 years who are diagnosed with supraspinatus partial-thickness tears based on clinical examination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and are referred for conservative treatment. Participants will be recruited from the outpatient Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation clinic. Eligible patients who meet the inclusion criteria and provide written informed consent will be enrolled consecutively. All participants will receive the same standardized physical therapy and rehabilitation program and will be evaluated at baseline, at the end of treatment, and 6 weeks after completion of treatment.
Cohort
Prospective
Standard Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation
BehavioralAll participants will receive the same standardized physical therapy and rehabilitation program administered according to routine clinical practice. The treatment program will include therapeutic exercises, stretching, strengthening, range-of-motion exercises, and appropriate physical therapy modalities as determined by the rehabilitation protocol. No experimental intervention or additional procedure will be performed for research purposes. The study is observational and aims to evaluate whether the presence of central sensitization influences the clinical response to the standardized rehabilitation program.
Change in Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) Total Score
The Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) total score will be assessed at baseline, the end of treatment, and 6 weeks after completion of treatment to evaluate changes in pain and shoulder-related disability. A greater reduction in the SPADI total score indicates a better treatment response.
Change in Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Pain Score
Pain intensity will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Changes in VAS scores will be evaluated to determine the effect of treatment over time.
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