Effect of Chocolate Consumption Prior to Prolonged Sitting on Cardiovascular Health in Young Women
Trial statusRecruiting
Trial phaseNot applicable
Trial typeInterventional
Biological sexFemale
Age18-40
SponsorKing Saud University
About this trial
This randomized controlled crossover trial investigates the acute effects of consuming dark, milk, and white chocolate before prolonged sitting on cardiovascular health in healthy young women . Each participant completes three separate study visits and receives all three chocolate conditions in a randomized order, with a 7-day washout period between visits. Blood pressure, heart rate, pulse wave velocity, blood glucose, appetite, pain, and calf circumference are measured before and during a 3-hour sitting perio
Eligibility criteria
This trial accepts healthy volunteersQualifiers
Healthy young aged 18 - 40 years.
Participants with blood pressure within the normal or elevated range (less than 130/80 mmHg), according to the American Heart Association guidelines.
Disqualifiers
Females with menopause will be excluded due to the physiological effects of menopause and to ensure hormonal stability.
Participants with nut allergies, due to the possibility that the chocolate used may contain traces of nuts resulting from manufacturing processes.
Participants with dairy allergies, due to the use of milk chocolate and white chocolate, and the possibility that dark chocolate may contain traces of milk resulting from manufacturing processes .
Participants with chronic diseases that may affect the study variables, such as cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, diabetes, or any medical condition that affects circulation.
Trial design
Design model
Crossover
Treatments tested in this trial
dark chocolate
Dietary supplementParticipants consume dark chocolate 1 hour before prolonged sitting.
Milk Chocolate
Dietary supplementParticipants consume milk chocolate 1 hour before prolonged sitting.
White Chocolate
Dietary supplementParticipants consume white chocolate 1 hour before prolonged sitting.
Treatment groups
22 Participants
are divided into 3 treatment groupsGroup A: Label: Dark ChocolateExperimental treatment 1 intervention
Group B: Label: Milk ChocolateExperimental treatment 1 intervention
Group C: Label: White ChocolateExperimental treatment 1 intervention
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
1
Blood Pressure (Systolic, Diastolic, Mean Arterial Pressure)
Blood pressure will be measured using an automated sphygmomanometer under each chocolate condition (dark, milk, white).
Time frame
Baseline, 1 hour post-chocolate, and hourly during 3 hours of prolonged sitting2
Pulse Wave Velocity
Arterial stiffness will be assessed using estimated pulse wave velocity under each chocolate condition.
Time frame
Baseline, 1 hour post-chocolate, and hourly during 3 hours of prolonged sitting3
Heart Rate Variability
Autonomic cardiac function will be assessed using heart rate variability derived from RR interval recordings under each chocolate condition.
Time frame
Baseline, 1 hour post-chocolate, and hourly during 3 hours of prolonged sitting4
Heart Rate
Heart rate will be measured under each chocolate condition during the study visits.
Time frame
Baseline, 1 hour post-chocolate, and hourly during 3 hours of prolonged sitting.Secondary outcomes
1
Capillary Blood Glucose
Capillary blood glucose will be measured using finger-prick blood samples under each chocolate condition.
Time frame
Baseline, 1 hour post-chocolate, and hourly during 3 hours of prolonged sitting2
Appetite Visual Analog Scale
Subjective appetite sensations, including hunger, satiety, fullness, and prospective food consumption, will be assessed using 100-mm Visual Analogue Scales (VAS), ranging from 0 to 100 mm. Higher scores indicate a greater intensity of the appetite sensation being assessed.
Time frame
Baseline, 1 hour post-chocolate, and hourly during 3 hours of prolonged sitting3
Pain Visual Analog Scale
Pain will be assessed using a 100-mm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), ranging from 0 mm ("no pain") to 100 mm ("worst pain imaginable"). Higher scores indicate greater pain intensity (a worse outcome).
Time frame
Baseline, 1 hour post-chocolate, and hourly during 3 hours of prolonged sitting4
Calf Circumference
Calf circumference will be measured to assess lower limb swelling during prolonged sitting.
Time frame
Baseline and hourly during 3 hours of prolonged sittingSponsors and contacts
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Source ClinicalTrials.gov