In this project, volunteers will be recruited to cool the superficial skin of the axillary brachial plexus away from the puncture point, resulting in local peripheral nerve cooling, and observe its impact on the pain of arterial puncture.To explore the local peripheral nerve cooling treatment can produce controllable and reversible analgesic effect even if away from the wound, and provide a new nonpharmaceutical analgesic mode for clinical.
18 ~ 65 years old;
ASA I-II level;
Patients with perioperative invasive arterial blood pressure monitoring;
Right-handed;
Patients with a history of musculoskeletal, vascular, neurological or psychiatric disorders;
Patients with a history of diabetes or other systemic diseases
Patients who used any analgesic medication within the month before and during the study;
Patients with a history of smoking, alcohol or drug addiction;
Parallel
Skin cooling to 20°C
Procedure/SurgeryAccording to the group, copper parts at a constant temperature of 20°C were placed on the superficial skin of the brachial plexus for 15 minutes.
Skin cooling to 15°C
Procedure/SurgeryAccording to the group, copper parts at a constant temperature of 15°C were placed on the superficial skin of the brachial plexus for 15 minutes.
Skin cooling to 8°C
Procedure/SurgeryAccording to the group, copper parts at a constant temperature of 8°C were placed on the superficial skin of the brachial plexus for 15 minutes.
No skin cooling
Procedure/SurgeryAccording to the group, copper parts at room temperature (23°C) were placed on the superficial skin of the brachial plexus for 15 minutes.
Visual Analogue Pain Scale (VAS) score of arterial puncture procedure
The larger values of the Visual Analogue Pain Scale (VAS) score of local anesthetic injection and the Visual Analogue Pain Scale (VAS) score of arterial puncture catheterization were taken as the Visual Analogue Pain Scale (VAS) score of the process of arterial puncture catheterization.(VAS ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 indicates no pain and 10 indicates the worst pain imaginable)
Pressure pain threshold
Before the start of cooling therapy, 5 minutes into cooling therapy, 15 minutes after the start of cooling therapy, and 10 minutes after rewarming, the handheld algometer is used to measure the Pressure Pain Threshold (PPT) at the following locations: The midpoint of the ulna and radius at the wrist joint of both forearms (as bony pressure pain points) The brachioradialis muscle on the lateral side of the forearm (as muscular pressure pain points) Unit: Kilograms-force per square centimeter (kg/cm²)
Pressure pain tolerance
Before the start of cooling therapy, 5 minutes into cooling therapy, 15 minutes after the start of cooling therapy, and 10 minutes after rewarming, the handheld algometer is used to measure the Pressure Pain Tolerance (PTO) at the aforementioned locations. Unit: Kilograms-force per square centimeter (kg/cm²)
The average perfusion
Before the administration of local anesthesia, during the process of local anesthesia, after the completion of local anesthesia, before arterial puncture, during the arterial puncture procedure, and after the completion of arterial puncture, the patient is instructed to maintain a calm state and lie in a supine position with the left arm abducted. Under these conditions, the Region of Interest (ROI) is outlined using laser speckle technology, and the average perfusion of this area is measured.
The median perfusion
Before the administration of local anesthesia, during the process of local anesthesia, after the completion of local anesthesia, before arterial puncture, during the arterial puncture procedure, and after the completion of arterial puncture, the patient is required to remain calm and in a supine position with the left arm abducted. Under these conditions, the Region of Interest (ROI) is outlined using laser speckle technology, and the median perfusion of this area is measured.
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