Effect of Social Isolation on the Role of Pavlovian Mechanisms for Control Over Alcohol Use

Trial design

Treatments tested in this trial

• PIT paradigm

  Behavioral BehavioralAn approach designed to change behavior, lifestyle, or mental health, such as counseling or psychotherapy.

  The paradigm consists of four parts: In the first part, an instrumental learning task is completed in which subjects must learn which stimuli require a response and which do not. In the second part, a classical (Pavlovian) conditioning task is then completed in which subjects learn by passive viewing which stimuli are associated with certain amounts of money. The third part measures to which instrumental responses (learned in Part 1) are modulated by the presentation of the classically conditioned stimuli (learned in Part 2). At the same time drug-associated stimuli are presented in the background measuring to which extent they conflict with the learned instrumental behavior. In the last part, query trials are implemented in which the participants have to choose between two pictures to assess the relative cue value.

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• social exclusion (Cyberball task)

  Behavioral BehavioralAn approach designed to change behavior, lifestyle, or mental health, such as counseling or psychotherapy.

  Social exclusion will be assessed using the cyberball paradigm: subjects will play an online game tossing a ball to each other with two more virtual co-players. Using a cover story, we make subjects believe that the co-players really exist and that they play a live online game. During social exclusion, subjects will be systematically excluded by one co-player, and during social inclusion, ball tosses will be balanced between all three players.

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• Saliva samples

  Diagnostic test Diagnostic testA test used to detect or assess a condition, such as imaging or a laboratory test.

  Assessing acute stress effects in AUD and HC subjects

• basic psychological assessment

  Diagnostic test Diagnostic testA test used to detect or assess a condition, such as imaging or a laboratory test.

  * Sociodemographics * ASSIST * Quantity Frequency: Alcohol, tobacco/e-cigarette, Cannabis \& other illegal drugs * SCID: AUD criteria and tabak use disorder life time and last year \& acute depressive symptoms \& symptoms for Mania and psychotic disorder * Edinburgh Handedness Inventory (EHI) * Fagerström Test for Nicotine depend (FTND) * Barratt Impulsiveness Scale - Kurzversion (BIS-15) * Allgemeine Depressionsskala (ADS) * State-Trait-Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T) * Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) * Cannabis Use Disorder Identification Test (CUDIT) * CAS -A (Alkohol) * Fragebogen zur Sozialen Unterstützung (F-SozU K-14) * Oslo-3-Items-Social-Support Scale * Social Skills Rating System (SSRS) * Trier Inventory for chronic stress (TICS) * Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaires (RSQ-9) * Need to belong scale (NTBS) * Fragebogen zu Gedanken und Gefühlen (FGG-14) * Internationale Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ) * Zahlen-Symbol-Test (DST) * Wortschatztest (verbal intelligence)

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• pre and post cyberball task

  Diagnostic test Diagnostic testA test used to detect or assess a condition, such as imaging or a laboratory test.

  Positive and Negative Affect Schedule(PANAS)

• VAS

  Diagnostic test Diagnostic testA test used to detect or assess a condition, such as imaging or a laboratory test.

  subjective arousal, subjective stress, valence, perceived ostracisms/loneliness

• after cyberball task

  Diagnostic test Diagnostic testA test used to detect or assess a condition, such as imaging or a laboratory test.

  * Need Threat Scale * Manipulation check (VAS scale)

• social inclusion (Cyberball task)

  Behavioral BehavioralAn approach designed to change behavior, lifestyle, or mental health, such as counseling or psychotherapy.

  Social inclusion will be assessed using the cyberball paradigm: subjects will play an online game tossing a ball to each other with two more virtual co-players. Using a cover story, we make subjects believe that the co-players really exist and that they play a live online game. During social inclusion, ball tosses will be balanced between all three players.

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