Health TrialsbyHealthPanel

EFFECT OF WIM HOF BREATHING EXERCISE ON VENTILATORY FUNCTIONS IN SMOKERS

ConditionSmoking Electronic Cigarettes (Vaping), With Moderate and High Dependence for Nicotine
Trial statusNot yet recruiting
Trial phaseNot applicable
Trial typeInterventional
Biological sexMale
Age18-29
SponsorOctober 6 University

About this trial

Cigarette smoking is the most common form of tobacco use worldwide, but other tobacco products, such as e-cigarettes, cigars, cigarillos, roll-your-own, pipes, and various smokeless tobacco products are also damaging. Most harmful chemicals in cigarette smoke target metals or carbonyls generated by the thermal decomposition of carrier liquids such as propylene glycol, which is one of the main ingredients in the liquid used in electronic cigarettes, where it serves as both the carrier for nicotine and cannabinoids and the means of producing vapor which resemble smoke. This new tobacco product was made of milder sorts of tobacco, the smoke could be inhaled, and it was more damaging.

Eligibility criteria

This trial accepts healthy volunteers

Qualifiers

• The age of the subjects ranged from 18-29 years old.

The males are participated.

Any subjects smoking electronic cigarettes (vaping).

Subjects with body mass index between 18.5 - 29.9 Kg/m2.

Disqualifiers

• History of syncope (fainting).

High blood pressure (>140/100 mm Hg) (Shandu et al., 2023a).

Any type of heart disease.

Seizures or Epilepsy.

Trial design

Design model

Parallel

Treatments tested in this trial

  • 1 ) Wim Hof Breathing Exercise

    Other intervention

    1. Subjects will be asked to breathe deeply for an average of 20-30 breaths then exhale, (deep rapid inhalations and relaxed expirations) 2. Hold their breath in an unforced manner for one minute or longer until they feel the urge to breathe (retention phase). (For safety, they were instructed not to hold their breath longer than 3.5 min). 3. Take deep inhalation breath and hold again for 15 seconds (recovery breath). 4. This procedure was repeated a total of three times. 5. After the last cycle, subjects were instructed to return to their natural rhythm of breathing and remain lying down without moving to relax for five minutes. 6. Done every day in the morning or at least three hours postprandial for four weeks. (Marko et al., 2022)

  • 2) Aerobic exercises

    Other intervention

    Aerobic exercises were performed by walking on the treadmill for 30 minutes a day (5 days/week) and at least 150 minutes per week of moderate-intensity aerobic activity at 60-75% of the maximum heart rate (HR) for four weeks. Maximum heart rate is taken from 220 - to age. Both the warm-up and cool-down were performed for five minutes. Each session concluded with stretching the calf, hamstring, quadriceps, gluteus, back, neck, and shoulder muscles (Acar et al., 2024; Shandu et al., 2023a)

Treatment groups

42 Participants
are divided into 2 treatment groups
Group A: Wim Hof Breathing Exercise groupExperimental treatment 2 interventions
Group B: control groupActive comparator 1 intervention

Trial outcomes

Primary outcomes

1

1) Ventilatory Functions

for measuring FVC (forced vital capacity), FEV1(forced expiratory volume in first second), FEV1/FVC (forced expiratory volume in first second /forced vital capacity ratio) and PEF (peak expiratory flow).

Time frame
four weeks

Secondary outcomes

1

1) Functional Capacity

The 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) test for measuring functional capacity. Measured distance by meter.

Time frame
four weeks
2

2) Oxygen saturation

Pulse oximetry provides a noninvasive approximation of the amount of oxygen in arterial blood.

Time frame
four weeks
3

3) Hand grip strength

The gold standard for measuring grip strength is Hydraulic Hand Dynamometer.

Time frame
four weeks
4

4) Smoking Craving

The 10-item Questionnaire on Smoking Urges (QSU-Brief) is a self-report measure designed to assess urges and cravings to smoke, with higher scores indicating stronger urges.

Time frame
four weeks

Other outcomes

Sponsors and contacts

Click on the lead sponsor to view all of their trials.

October 6 University

Lead sponsor

Source ClinicalTrials.gov

This trial is not recruiting at the moment. You can still explore other options: