This study will evaluate the effectiveness of MindBridge, a dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)-informed mobile health module delivered through a WeChat mini-program, among Chinese young adults aged 18 to 24 years with mild-to-moderate suicide risk. In the randomized controlled trial, 84 participants will be randomized 1:1 to receive MindBridge plus treatment as usual or an attention-matched general well-being program plus treatment as usual for 8 weeks. Assessments will be conducted at baseline, week 4, week 8, and 1-month follow-up. The primary outcome is suicide-related thoughts and behaviors. Secondary outcomes include depression, anxiety, emotion regulation, sleep quality, perceived social support, academic self-efficacy, and problematic internet use. This randomized controlled trial is the effectiveness-evaluation component of a broader sequential mixed methods study involving the development and evaluation of MindBridge.
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MindBridge Mobile Health Intervention
BehavioralMindBridge is an 8-week mobile health intervention delivered through a WeChat mini-program. The intervention is informed by dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) and is designed to reduce suicide-related thoughts and behaviors among young adults at mild-to-moderate suicide risk. Participants assigned to the intervention arm will receive MindBridge in addition to treatment as usual (TAU).
Attention-Matched General Well-Being Program
BehavioralParticipants assigned to the control arm will receive an attention-matched general well-being program for 8 weeks in addition to treatment as usual (TAU). The program is designed to provide a comparable level of participant attention without delivering the specific therapeutic components of the MindBridge intervention.
Change in Suicide-Related Thoughts and Behaviors Measured by the SSBI
Suicide-related thoughts and behaviors will be assessed using the Suicide and Self-Injury Behavior Inventory (SSBI). The primary effectiveness endpoint is the between-group difference in change in the prespecified SSBI past-30-day suicide-related/self-harm composite from baseline to the end of the 8-week intervention.
Change in Depressive Symptoms Measured by the PHQ-9
Depressive symptoms will be assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). The PHQ-9 total score ranges from 0 to 27, with higher scores indicating more severe depressive symptoms.
Change in Anxiety Symptoms Measured by the GAD-7
Anxiety symptoms will be assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). Higher scores indicate more severe anxiety symptoms.
Change in Emotion Regulation Difficulties Measured by the DERS-16
Emotion regulation difficulties will be assessed using the 16-item Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS-16).
Change in Sleep Quality Measured by the PSQI
Sleep quality will be assessed using the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The PSQI total score ranges from 0 to 21, with higher scores indicating poorer sleep quality.
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