About this trial
The goal of this clinical trial is to investigate the effects of dual-task training on upper extremity function and muscle thickness in individuals with Parkinson's disease. The main questions it aims to answer are:
Does dual-task training improve upper extremity function in individuals with Parkinson's disease? Does dual-task training lead to changes in upper extremity muscle thickness measured by ultrasonography?
Researchers will compare a dual-task training group with a control group receiving routine care to determine whether 8 weeks of dual-task training results in greater improvements in upper extremity outco
Participants will:
complete baseline and post-intervention assessments of upper extremity function, muscle thickness, grip strength, and pinch strength be assigned to either a control group or a dual-task training group receive dual-task training 3 days per week for 8 weeks if assigned to the intervention group
Eligibility criteria
This trial does not accept healthy volunteersQualifiers
Diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson's disease confirmed by a neurologist
Modified Hoehn and Yahr stage 2 to 3
No medication or dosage change within the last 6 months
Cognitive capacity sufficient to understand and follow instructions, defined as Montreal Cognitive Assessment score ≥21
Disqualifiers
Atypical or secondary parkinsonism
Advanced orthopedic condition affecting the upper extremity
Surgery, trauma, or immobilization involving the upper extremity within the last 6 months
Wound or dermatological condition preventing upper extremity ultrasonographic evaluation
Trial design
Parallel
Treatments tested in this trial
Dual-Task Training
BehavioralDual-task training will be applied 3 times per week for 8 weeks, with each session lasting 60 minutes. The program combines motor tasks (such as peg placement, object manipulation, bilateral coordination, and mobility tasks) with simultaneous cognitive tasks (such as backward counting, category-based word generation, and memory tasks).
Treatment groups
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
Upper Extremity Function
Upper extremity function will be assessed using the Purdue Pegboard Test. Performance will be recorded as the number of pins placed within the specified time for dominant hand, nondominant hand, and both hands; higher scores indicate better fine motor performance and manual dexterity.
Upper Extremity Muscle Thickness
Muscle thickness of the deltoid, biceps brachii, triceps brachii, and forearm flexor muscles will be measured using ultrasonography. The mean of three repeated measurements for each site will be recorded in millimeters.
Hand Grip Strength
Hand grip strength will be measured using a Jamar hydraulic hand dynamometer according to the ASHT protocol. The mean of three trials will be recorded.
Pinch Strength
Lateral pinch, three-jaw chuck pinch, and two-point pinch strength will be assessed using a pinch meter. The mean of three trials will be recorded in kilograms or Newtons.
Sponsors and contacts
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Ankara University
Lead sponsor
Hacettepe University
Collaborator