About this trial
The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Kinesio tape on delayed onset muscle soreness of the biceps muscle of your arm following strenuous exercise of the bicep muscle.
Eligibility criteria
This trial accepts healthy volunteersQualifiers
18 to 30 years old
Disqualifiers
Participating in any strengthening exercises or activities of the upper extremities for the past month.
Regularly (~2x per month) participating in strengthening exercises or activities that include lengthening actions of the upper extremity for the past 6 months.
If participant's doctor has ever said that he/she has a heart condition or high blood pressure
Pain in chest at rest, during daily activities of living, or when doing physical activity
Trial design
Parallel
Treatments tested in this trial
Kinesiotape
DeviceTape will be applied to the biceps muscle of the nondominant arm from approximately the shoulder to the elbow for up to 72 hours. For the KT group taping will be applied with a lymphatic application method according to the guidelines recommended by Kenzo Kase. This type of application is known to improve blood and lymphatic circulation which enhances the removal of metabolic products. It is recommended that the application of the tape for lymphatic correction be applied for 24-72 hours. The tape will be applied with a tension of 10-20%.
Treatment groups
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
change in worst pain in previous 24 hours
Brief Pain Inventory
Change in average pain in previous 24 hours
Brief Pain Inventory
Change in pain during elbow extension and elbow flexion
Subjects will perform the following elbow movements: 1) moving from a fully flexed starting position through active range of motion to full extension 2) moving from a fully extended starting position through active range of motion to full flexion. Ratings of muscle pain intensity will be assessed following each contraction using a 0-100 scale, with "0" indicating "no pain" and "100" indicating the "most intense pain imaginable".
Change in pressure pain threshold of the affected biceps
Using a hand-held, clinical grade pressure algometer (Wagner Instruments, Greenwich, CT), pressure will be applied to the biceps brachii muscle of the affected (non-dominant) arm while the arm is stationary at approximately 90 degrees of elbow flexion. Pressure will increase at a rate of about 1kg/s until the subject first reports feeling pain.
Secondary outcomes
Change in Self-reported function of the affected arm
The QuickDASH focuses on the subject's ability to use the affected arm during activities of daily living \[23,24\]. Subjects rate their symptoms and ability to perform specific tasks using a 5-pt hierarchical Likert scale. A score of zero represents no dysfunction at all, while higher scores represent more limitations in self-reported function, with a score of 100 being the highest possible score.
Pain catastrophizing
Will be measured with the Pain Catastrophizing Scale. It is a self-report measure, consisting of 13 items scored from 0 to 4, resulting in a total possible score of 52. The higher the score, the more catastrophizing thoughts are present.
Fear of movement or reinjury
Will be measured with the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia -- (TSK-11). total TSK-11 scores range from 11-44 points with higher scores indicating greater fear of pain, movement, and injury.
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