This study aims to evaluate the effects of Music-with-Movement Simultaneous Cognitive-Motor Dual-Task Training (MM-SDTT) on cognitive and physical performance in older adults with cognitive frailty coexisting with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and physical frailty.
Research Questions:
1. Will the treatment group show greater improvement in global cognitive functions than the social control group at Week 16? 2. Will the treatment group show greater improvements in both cognitive, physical performance and psychosocial well-being than the social control group at Weeks 16 and 28?
Methodology:
Participants in the Treatment Group:
* Undergo a 16-week intervention comprising:
1. Once-weekly center-based training supervised by a physical coach 2. Twice-weekly home-based training using provided training videos
Participants in the Social Control Group: * Engage in once-weekly social gatherings and receive remedial training after data collection is completed.
Aged 60 and above;
Community-dwelling, as defined by living at home and not having stayed in a long-term care facility in the last 12 months as reported by the participants;
Able to walk independently or with a stick;
A cutoff value of = 0 in the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire for Everyone (PAR-Q+) indicates the participants' physical stability;
Is suffering from any critical medical or psychiatric illness;
Has an uncorrectable visual and/or hearing impairment that hinders the participation;
Is having the MCI or physical frailty only;
Is participating in other trials;
Parallel
music-based cognitive-motor dual-task training/exercise
BehavioralParticipants is engaged in 4 sessions for each training, including rhythmic marching, singing familiar songs, dance workout with elastic bands and stretching exercise with relaxing music. This combination of physical and cognitive activities aims to improve overall well-being by integrating music and movement, making the exercise both enjoyable and beneficial for mental and physical health. Rhythmic aerobic exercises to music focuses on rhythm and movement accuracy. Listening and singing familiar songs is cognitively stimulating. Dance workout allows strength and endurance training with music. Stretching exercise with relaxing music improves the range of movement in major muscle and tendon groups.
Social Gatherings
BehavioralParticipants in the social control group will have a social gathering at the participating center once weekly over the 16 weeks. They will also continue to receive the usual care offered by the centers, such as social support, and health education.
Montreal Cognitive Assessment
The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a test of global cognitive functions. MoCA consists of 8 domains, including attention and concentration, executive functions, memory, language, visuoconstructional skills, conceptual thinking, calculations, and orientation. The scores range from 0 to 30, with higher scores indicating better cognitive functions.
Frontal Assessment Battery
The Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) is a test of executive functions. It consists of 6 domains, including conceptualization, mental flexibility, programming, sensitivity to interference, inhibitory control, and environmental autonomy, on a 3-point numeric scale. The scores range from 0 to 18 points, with a higher score indicating better executive functioning.
Fuld Object Memory Evaluation
The Fuld Object Memory Evaluation (FOME) is a test of memory functions, such as encoding, storage, recalling across five trials, and a delayed recall trial. There are three FOME scores, which include total storage (range from 0-50), total retrieval (range from 0-50), and delayed recall (range from 0-10). Higher total scores refer to better memory functions.
Modified Fuld Verbal Fluency Test
The Modified Fuld Verbal Fluency Test (MFVT) is used to test verbal fluency, which is embedded in the FOME as a distraction task. Total scores are the total number of items being named, with higher scores indicating better verbal fluency.
Social Participation Quesionnaire
The Social Participation Questionnaire (SPQ) is used to test the level of social participation. It consists of 17 questions including informal social contact, social contact through activities in public spaces, participation in group activities, and participation in community groups, on a 6-point numeric scale from 0 to 5. The scores range from 0 to 85 points, with higher scores indicating better social participation.
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The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Lead sponsor
Deakin University
Collaborator
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