Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous, multifaceted and complex disorder characterized by insulin resistance (IR), hyperinsulinemia, and hyperandrogenism leading ovarian disfunction and infertility. Given the central pathogenic role of IR in the endocrine, reproductive, and metabolic disturbances of PCOS, several pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches have been proposed to counteract the hyper insulinemic IR typical of the syndrome. Two Inositol stereoisomers, Myo-Inositol (MI) and D-chiro-inositol (DCI), captured the attention of researchers for their insulin-sensitizing actions, which configure them as proper candidates for the treatment of PCOS.
Very few studies reported on spontaneous clinical pregnancy rates, none were powered for this outcome, and none reported on the clinically relevant outcome of live birth. Therefore, data about clinical pregnancy rate, live birth rate, and miscarriage rate comparing inositols with placebo are limited.
Nevertheless, regarding infertility the primary outcomes that should be considered are clinical pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate and live birth rate. Although many studies showed improved hormonal and metabolic profile and improved ovulation rate and higher quality and number of oocyte retrieved in Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) in PCOS women after inositols administration, data about clinical pregnancy rate, live birth rate, and miscarriage rate are limited with several concerns regarding interpretation of the studies.
Furthermore, independently by the effect on PCOS related infertility, few data are available about the role of inositol on obstetrics outcomes of pregnancies conceived after treatment with inositol and/or orally supplemented during pregnancy. Considering that the combination of MI and DCI alleviate many of the metabolic dysregulations typical of PCOS thanks to insulin-sensitizing actions, it is plausible consider a beneficial effects on pregnancy complications such as gestational diabetes and preeclampsia.
Pregnancy spontaneously conceived in women with PCOS diagnosed by Rotterdam criteria that starts oral supplementation before conception.
Any kwon pre-pregnancy disease.
Any other pharmacological, non-pharmacological or nutraceutical treatment (beside oral folic acid supplementation) more than 3 months before the enrollment (wash-out period) or during the trial, or until the development or pregnancy-induced/related diseases requiring pharmacological treatments.
Parallel
Inositol + Folic acid
Dietary supplementDaily oral supplementation before spontaneous conception until delivery: Myo-Inositol: 1100 mg D-chiro-inositol: 27.6 mg Folic acid: 400 mcg
Folic acid
Dietary supplementDaily oral supplementation before spontaneous conception until delivery: Folic acid: 400 mcg
Gestational diabetes prevalence
Gestational diabetes prevalence: number of women that develop gestational diabetes diagnosed based on oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) cut-off (92 - 180 - 153 mg/dl).
Preeclampsia prevalence
Preeclampsia prevalence: number of women that develop preeclampsia diagnosed based on blood pressure higher than 140/90 mmHg after 20 week of gestation plus 24h proteinuria higher that 300mg.
Birth weight
gr
Weight gain in pregnancy
Kg
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Università degli Studi dell'Insubria
Lead sponsor
Universita di Verona
Collaborator
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