The primary objective of the study was to investigate the immediate effects of PIR technique on chest expansion and pulmonary functions in cigarette smokers.This quasi-experimental pre-test post-test study will be conducted. Participants of interest would be approached and explained about the research. Informed written consent will be taken. Recruited participants will receive PIR technique on assessory respiratory muscles and chest expansion and pulmonary function tests will be obtained before and after the treatment. Data collection tools for this study are spirometer and measuring tape.
Individuals between the ages of 18-60
Only tobacco cigarette smokers
Cigarette smokers (with min 2 pack years )
Both males and females
Patients undergoing any surgery
Symptomatic patients of cystic fibrosis, asthma, exercise induced asthma, unstable angina, bronchitis , bronchiectasis, chest deformities, congenital cardiopulmonary disorders , disc herniation, current rib or vertebral fracture
Patients with a positive history of trauma, fracture or surgery of the cervical and thoracic spine in the last 12 months
Single group
Post isometric Relaxation
Procedure/SurgeryPost isometric relaxation technique: It is defined as a manual procedure which involves the precisely controlled and specifically directed active contraction of a muscle at varying levels of intensity against a counterforce applied by the therapist. PIR will be applied to following muscles 1. scalene (anterior, middle and posterior) 2. sternocleidomastoid
Chest expansion
Measuring tape will be used to measure chest expansion at axillary level.
Forced Vital Capacity(FVC)
the maximum amount of air you can forcibly exhale from your lungs after fully inhaling measured using hand held spirometer
Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1)
The volume of air (in liters) exhaled in the first second during forced exhalation after maximal inspiration measured using hand held spirometer.
Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF)
the volume of air forcefully expelled from the lungs in one quick exhalation measured using hand held spirometer
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