This study aims to evaluate the effects of teaching the 4-7-8 breathing technique, one of the deep breathing techniques, to patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery and applying it during the preoperative and postoperative periods on postoperative pain levels, anxiety levels, and sleep quality. Secondary objectives are to evaluate patients' postoperative peripheral oxygen saturation and length of hospital stay.
Patients will be randomized into two groups using a closed opaque envelope technique, and the groups will be determined. This procedure will be performed by a researcher not involved in the study. Patients undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy will be randomized. The groups will be coded as A and B. Group A patients will be instructed to practice the 4-7-8 breathing technique for 6 hours per day, 10 cycles per hour, during the preoperative and postoperative periods after receiving training. Group B will be the control group, and routine follow-ups will be performed on these patients. Participants' correct and regular application of the breathing technique will be verified through a short test after training and follow-up calls. Participants will be given an "Informed Consent Form," and their consent will also be obtained not to interact with each other or share group information. The perioperative process will be monitored by anesthesiologists not involved in the study.
Participants must be informed and give voluntary consent to participate in the study.
Patients who have undergone laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Patients with an ASA physical performance score of 1-3.
Patients aged 18-65 years.
Patients who do not wish to continue participating in the study
Patients whose medical condition has deteriorated.
Those with a history of medication use accompanied by depression and other psychiatric diagnoses
Those with a history of substance dependence
Patients aged 18-65 who undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Case-control
Prospective
Not listed
visual analog scale
A 0-10 cm scale is used, and scores are expressed on a scale of 1-10. In this case, 1-3 is generally considered mild, 4-6 moderate, and 7-10 severe.
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, known as HADS, was developed specifically to screen for mental health status in individuals with physical illnesses. It consists of a total of 14 questions (items). Seven of these questions measure anxiety (HADS-A), while the other seven measure depression (HADS-D). Each question is a four-point Likert-type scale scored from 0 to 3. (Maximum 21 points). 0-7 Points: Normal 8-10 Points: Borderline case 11-21 Points: Abnormal (Case)
Richard-Campbell Sleep Scale
The Richard-Campbell Sleep Scale (RCSS) is a widely used subjective tool designed to assess the quality and depth of sleep, primarily in hospitalized patients, especially those in critical care units (ICU/CCU). It is typically administered immediately upon waking. The core component of the RCSS is an 100mm Visual Analog Scale (VAS) on which the patient rates the quality of their sleep from 'Worst Sleep Ever' (scored 0) to 'Best Sleep Ever' (scored 100). Higher scores indicate better self-reported sleep quality.
peripheral oxygen saturation
Postoperative peripheral oxygen saturation is a vital sign that measures the percentage of hemoglobin in the peripheral arterial blood that is saturated with oxygen after a surgical procedure. It is a critical indicator of the patient's respiratory function and the adequacy of tissue oxygenation in the recovery period.
length of hospital stay
The Length of Hospital Stay (LOS), also known as duration of inpatient stay, is the total number of days a patient remains admitted in a hospital, from the day of admission to the day of discharge. It is a critical metric used in healthcare management, planning, and quality assessment.
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