Efficacy of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) in the Treatment of Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial
Adult patient aged 18 to 60 years inclusive
Patient diagnosed with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), combined or predominantly inattentive presentation, previously established by a healthcare professional
Patients must be registered in the active caseload of the Adult Neurodevelopmental Disorders Unit (STNDA)
Stable psychotropic medication regimen for at least four weeks prior to inclusion, in terms of both molecule and dosage, particularly for methylphenidate, or no current psychotropic treatment. Medication must remain unchanged throughout study participation, unless medically justified changes are required
Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
Diagnosis of personality disorder (Cluster A, B, C, or other), according to DSM-5-TR
Diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum disorder or other psychotic disorders according to DSM-5-TR
Diagnosis of bipolar disorder with manic episode or history of manic episodes according to DSM-5-TR
Parallel
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)
Other interventionRepeated sessions of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS): 5 in-person tDCS sessions Intensity: 2.0 mA Duration: 20 minutes per session Frequency: 5 consecutive days Electrode placement: anode at F3 and cathode at F4
Change in Inattention Symptoms Assessed by the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) from Baseline to Immediately After tDCS
The efficacy of tDCS will be assessed by measuring the change in inattention symptoms using the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS). The ASRS is a self-report questionnaire used to evaluate ADHD symptoms in adults. A decrease in the ASRS inattention score indicates an improvement in inattention symptoms.
Change in Processing Speed Assessed by the WAIS-IV Coding and Symbol Search Subtests
Processing speed will be assessed using the Coding and Symbol Search subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV). Changes in scores will be compared between the active tDCS group and the sham tDCS group.
Change in Working Memory Assessed by the WAIS-IV Digit Span Subtest
Working memory will be assessed using the Digit Span subtest of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV). Changes in scores will be compared between the active tDCS group and the sham tDCS group.
Change in Selective Attention Assessed by the d2-R Test of Attention
Selective attention will be assessed using the d2-R Test of Attention. Changes in attention performance scores will be compared between the active tDCS group and the sham tDCS group.
Change in Emotional Regulation Assessed by the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale - French Version (DERS-F)
Emotional regulation will be assessed using the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale - French Version (DERS-F). Changes in emotional regulation scores will be compared between the active tDCS group and the sham tDCS group.
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