About this trial
Prospective, multicenter, randomized, open-label, blinded-endpoint (PROBE-like) clinical trial evaluating whether physician-supervised Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT)-assisted multimodal diagnostic support improves diagnostic concordance in emergency department patients presenting with acute cardiopulmonary symptoms.
Eligibility criteria
This trial does not accept healthy volunteersQualifiers
Age ≥18 years
Presentation to a participating emergency department with acute cardiopulmonary symptoms, including chest pain, dyspnea, palpitations, syncope, dizziness, or fever accompanied by cardiopulmonary symptoms
Performance of both a standard 12-lead electrocardiogram and chest radiography during the initial emergency department evaluation
Availability of initial clinical assessment, vital signs, laboratory findings, and all mandatory clinical information required for the multimodal AI workflow
Disqualifiers
Inability or refusal to provide written informed consent
Requirement for immediate life-saving intervention that precludes completion of the study workflow
Death before completion of the initial emergency department diagnostic assessment
Electrocardiographic quality insufficient for reliable physician or Artificial intelligence (AI) interpretation
Trial design
Parallel
Treatments tested in this trial
Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT)-assisted multimodal visual language model (VLM) diagnostic support
Diagnostic testA Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT)-based multimodal visual language model integrates electrocardiograms, chest radiographs, structured clinical information, laboratory findings, vital signs, and relevant clinical history to generate diagnostic suggestions and differential diagnoses for physician-supervised clinical decision support.
Conventional emergency department diagnostic evaluation
Diagnostic testRoutine emergency department diagnostic evaluation performed according to standard clinical practice without AI-assisted diagnostic support.
Treatment groups
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
Diagnostic concordance between the final emergency department diagnosis and the blinded adjudicated reference diagnosis established at hospital discharge.
Diagnostic concordance between the treating physician's final emergency department diagnosis and the blinded adjudicated reference diagnosis based on the prespecified principal diagnostic category.
Secondary outcomes
Diagnostic concordance after Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT)-assisted diagnostic support
Diagnostic concordance between the physician's final emergency department diagnosis after Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT)-assisted multimodal diagnostic support and the blinded adjudicated reference diagnosis in participants assigned to the intervention group.
Time from emergency department presentation to final diagnosis
Time required from emergency department presentation until establishment of the physician's final emergency department diagnosis.
Diagnostic reclassification after Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT)-assisted evaluation
Frequency of changes between the physician's initial working diagnosis and the final emergency department diagnosis after review of Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT)-generated diagnostic recommendations.
Physician diagnostic confidence
Physician-reported diagnostic confidence recorded before and after Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT)-assisted diagnostic support using the prespecified study assessment scale.
Sponsors and contacts
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Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital
Lead sponsor
Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital
Collaborator
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