A Prospective Observational, Multi-Center, Real-World Pharmacological Study Evaluating Adherence to Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy Using the Four-Pillar Strategy in Patients with Advanced Heart Failure
Age > 18 and < 75 years
Heart failure with left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 35%
Persistent symptoms of heart failure, New York Heart Association class III or IV
Requirement for high-dose diuretic therapy, specifically Furosemide > 50 mg/day orally as per routine clinical practice
Age ≤ 18 years or ≥ 75 years
Left ventricular ejection fraction > 35%
Mild or absent symptoms (New York Heart Association class I-II)
Good response to optimized conventional guideline-directed medical therapy
Patients with advanced heart failure, the proportion of patients receiving GDMT will be assessed.
Cohort
Prospective
GDMT
DrugPercentage of patients receiving GDMT in advanced heart failure
Quality of life questionnaire
Other interventionAbsoute Quality of life questionnaire scores (SF 36 questionnaire and EqVAS scale, both validated in Italian language
assess the adherence to guideline-directed medical therapy in patients with advanced heart failure
Percentage of patients receiving GDMT in advanced heart failure
assess the level of quality of life in patients under study
Absoute Quality of life questionnaire scores (short form 36, SF 36, questionnaire and EuroQol Visual Analogue Scale, EqVAS scale, both validated in Italian language). Scored on a 0-100 scale, where higher scores indicate better health.
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