This study is a prospective, multicenter, integrated trial designed to evaluate, from the perspectives of diagnostic performance and clinical utility, whether a diagnostic and treatment strategy based on the NuRapid-CRISPR rapid pathogen detection technology can reduce the 28-day all-cause mortality rate in patients with sepsis or septic shock in the ICU, compared to traditional pathogen culture.
The study consists of two parts:
1. Diagnostic Accuracy Study: For all enrolled sepsis patients, microbiological specimens will undergo concurrent blinded testing, with NuRapid-CRISPR serving as the test of interest and traditional pathogen culture as the reference standard. A prospective comparison will evaluate differences between the two methods in key metrics such as pathogen detection rate, sensitivity, specificity, and turnaround time. 2. Clinical Utility Cohort Study: All patients will undergo NuRapid-CRISPR testing as part of routine clinical care. Based on whether the rapid results are adopted clinically to guide early antimicrobial therapy decisions, the cohort will naturally form an exposure group (early treatment adjustments based on NuRapid-CRISPR results) and a control group (treatment primarily based on traditional culture results or empirical therapy). The study will prospectively compare the two groups in terms of the time to optimize antimicrobial therapy, coverage of the initial treatment spectrum, and infection-related clinical outcomes.
Age ≥ 18 years, length of stay in the ICU ≤ 24 hours;
Meets the Sepsis-3.0 diagnostic criteria (an increase in SOFA score of ≥2 points from baseline, and evidence of infection);
Clinically suspected sepsis or septic shock; the pathogen is unknown; the clinical plan is to collect sterile or suitable specimens, such as blood, respiratory specimens, cerebrospinal fluid, and ascites, for microbiological testing;
Expected ICU stay of ≥48 hours and ability to complete at least 28 days of clinical follow-up;
At the time of admission, the patient had already received a definitive pathogen diagnosis (based on microbiological culture, reliable molecular testing, or serological evidence), and targeted antimicrobial therapy against that pathogen had been initiated for more than 48 hours;
Vital signs are extremely unstable; death is expected within 24 hours;
Patients with severe primary immunodeficiency (e.g., AIDS, active hematologic malignancies, post-transplantation of solid organs or hematopoietic stem cells, or long-term use of high-dose glucocorticoids [prednisone ≥ 20 mg/day or equivalent dose for more than 4 weeks] or other potent immunosuppressants);
Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding;
Parallel
NuRapid-CRISPR Rapid Pathogen Detection Technology
Diagnostic testAdjusting early-stage treatment based on NuRapid-CRISPR results.
Traditional pathogen culture
Diagnostic testPrimarily based on traditional cultivation methods or empirical treatment.
28-day all-cause mortality rate
Death from any cause occurring between the date of randomization and day 28 (±2 days).In-hospital deaths: Recorded in real time through daily medical record reviews. Out-of-hospital deaths: Confirmed via a structured telephone follow-up conducted on Day 28 of enrollment. The telephone follow-up will use a standardized questionnaire and will be conducted by trained study coordinators.
Time to first targeted therapy
The time interval (in hours) from the time of enrollment to the first use of an antimicrobial agent effective against the final confirmed pathogen (based on conventional culture or clinical diagnosis).Calculated precisely by comparing the time of antibiotic prescription execution with the time of the final microbiology report.
Rate of adequate initial treatment
The proportion of empirical antimicrobial regimens initiated within 24 hours of enrollment whose antimicrobial spectrum covers the ultimately identified pathogen.Conducted by infectious disease specialists based on the final microbiological diagnosis and antimicrobial susceptibility testing results.
Length of stay in the ICU
Length of stay in the ICU.Extracted directly from discharge records in the hospital information system, accurate to the day.
Total length of stay
Total length of stay.Extracted directly from discharge records in the hospital information system, accurate to the day.
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Shanghai 10th People's Hospital
Lead sponsor
Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine
Collaborator
Yangpu District Central Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University
Collaborator
Dongfang Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University
Collaborator
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