This prospective, non-randomised, pre-post feasibility study evaluates CHANGE, a novel 8-session modularized cognitive behavioral group psychotherapy for young adults (18-25 years) with psychiatric disorders receiving inpatient or day-care treatment. All eligible participants (planned n=30) receive the intervention in addition to treatment-as-usual; there is no control arm. The primary aim is to assess feasibility, acceptability and appropriateness of the intervention (SMI (a German scale for feasibility), SAI (a German scale for acceptability), AIS (a German scale for appropriateness) scales; recruitment, retention, adherence and dropout rates). Secondary outcomes include perceived competence, self-efficacy (SWE), motivation (FEVER), satisfaction, quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF) and level of functioning (GAF), assessed before (T0) and after (T1) the intervention.
Age >=18 years and < 26 years
Ability to provide written informed consent
Age < 18 years, age >= 26 years
Lack of ability to provide written informed consent
Severe concomitant neurological or internal medical diseases
Severe cognitive impairment (IQ < 80, severe learning disability, brain damage or pervasive developmental disorder)
Single group
CHANGE - modularized group psychotherapy
Other intervention8-session (weekly, 75 min/session), modularized group psychotherapy comprising 4 modules: (1) transition-specific psychoeducation, (2) suicidality, (3) media/internet/gaming addiction, (4) communication. Delivered in groups of max. 12 participants by a psychiatrist/psychotherapist in training under supervision, in addition to treatment-as-usual.
Feasibility of CHANGE group therapy programme, measured by adapted SMI (a German scale for feasibility, Weiner et al. 2017)
Questionnaire, consisting originally of 4 items, rated on a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from 1 (completely disagree) to 5 (completely agree), item 5 was added.
Acceptability of CHANGE group therapy programme, measured by SAI (a German version of AIM (Acceptability of intervention) questionnaire, Weiner et al. 2017)
Questionnaire, consisting originally of 4 items, rated on a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from 1 (completely disagree) to 5 (completely agree), item 5 was added.
Appropriateness of CHANGE group therapy programme, measured by AIS (a German version of IAM (Appropriateness of intervention) questionnaire, Weiner et al. 2017)
Questionnaire, consisting originally of 4 items, rated on a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from 1 (completely disagree) to 5 (completely agree).
Recruitment rate
number of consented participants / number of eligible patients
Change in self-efficacy, measured by SWE (a German scale for generalized self-efficacy, Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 2003)
Questionnaire, consisting of 10 items, rated on a 4-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (not at all true) to 4 (exactly true)
Change in adapted motivation, measured by adapted FEVER (German version of URICA (University of Rhode Island Change Assessment), Hasler et al. 2003).
Questionnaire consisting of 24 items rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree), item 11 was adapted.
Change in Quality of Life, measured by adapted WHOQOL-BREF (World Health Organization Quality of Life - Brief Version, German, Angermeyer et al. 2000)
Questionnaire consisting of 26 items rated on a 5-point Likert scale with response formats varying by item (intensity, capacity, frequency, or satisfaction), item 10 was adapted.
Change in Perceived Competence, measured by adapted PCS (Perceived Competence Scale, Williams & Deci, 1996)
Questionnaire consisting of 16 items (4 per module) rated on a 7-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree)
General Feedback, measured by open-ended questions, self-constructed
Questionnaire consisting of 3 open-ended free-text questions
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