Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) encompasses a continuum of clinical situations secondary to acute myocardial ischemia. In France, it is a major health problem and represented 60,000 to 65,000 hospitalizations in 2010. In 2015, a diagnosis of ACS was made in 15 to 25% of patients consulting for chest pain in emergency medicine.
The incidence of ACS is estimated between 80,000 and 100,000 new cases per year. At the University Hospital Center (CHU) of Réunion, acute chest pain is the leading cause of discharges from the Mobile Emergency and Resuscitation Service (SMUR). In 2019, it represented 23% of exits, 8.5% of which concerned SCAs.
The SCA can be anxiety-provoking due to its unexpected and brutal nature. Pain related to myocardial ischemia generates anxiety. This increases when patients associate these pains with death. This anxiety is exacerbated by waiting times for care, especially for patients living in rural areas. In addition, conditions relating to medical care such as noise and the pre-hospital medical environment are perceived as influencing anxiety by patients.
The prevalence of anxiety is high, ranging from 30 to 48.5%, in patients with chest pain and/or ACS. A 2020 meta-analysis revealed that anxious patients at the start of their ACS treatment had an increased risk of death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, rehospitalization, recurrence of ACS and the need for coronary revascularization repeated. Overall, ACS patients with anxiety have a 21% increased risk of mortality and 47% increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events compared to those without anxiety.
Pre-hospital anxiolytic treatment is therefore essential and consists above all in reassuring the patient with ACS. Medicated anxiolytics are often combined with analgesics and recommended in front of a picture of agitation due to anxiety. However, negative effects may interfere, making clinical monitoring of these patients unsuitable. At the same time, several studies note that anxiety is underdiagnosed and undertreated in the care of these patients.
In reducing the anxiety of patients with ACS, unconventional care techniques such as aromatherapy or touch massage have demonstrated their effectiveness. Music therapy is recognized in reducing the anxiety of patients in intensive care or Cardiology.
To the knowledge, in France, the effect of a musical intervention on patients with pre-hospital ACS has not yet been studied. It is in this context that the MuSCA study takes place.
Aged 18 and over
With an established or suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome diagnosis
Whose anxiety assessment is > or = 30/100 mm on the Visual Analogue Scale
Having provided express, free and informed consent
Under guardianship, curatorship or judicial safeguard procedure
With hearing and visual impairments
Participating in another clinical trial or having already been included in this study.
Supported by helicopter
Parallel
Music care
Procedure/Surgery20 min music listening during transportation to hospital
Anxiety change
This is to assess whether a 20-minute musical intervention associated with the usual care would reduce the anxiety of the patient suffering from an acute coronary syndrome in pre-hospital during his transfer to a health establishment. (intervention group) compared to usual management alone (control group). measurement méthod : analog visual scale
Pain change
assess whether a musical intervention associated with the usual care allows a reduction, during the transfer to a health establishment of the pain score (Numerical Scale)
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