In this study, investigators will use the IFT 30-15 test, a six-minute walking test, and a treadmill test to assess the participants' cardiorespiratory fitness. For the treadmill cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET), we will measure indirect gas exchange using a CPET device (K5). Maximum heart rate (HRmax) will be measured with a Polar heart rate monitor (model H10). The six-minute walking test will follow standardized procedures, and the treadmill test will follow a protocol of gradually increasing speed each minute.
The study will involve two groups of participants: healthy individuals and pre-hypertensive individuals. While the IFT 30-15 test has been validated on a diverse range of athletes and physically active individuals, it has not yet been validated in individuals with similar characteristics to our participants (BMI \> 30 and limited cardiovascular function). Additionally, a variety of hemodynamic measures and other physical function measures such as sit-to-stand and push-ups will be assessed for all participants.
Adults (18 + years of age) without restriction on sex, health status or physical fitness.
Inability to walk without assistance
Presence of acute injuries and/or illnesses that limit maximal exertion during physical fitness testing
Lower extremity injury or surgery within the past 2 years (if not fully rehabilitated)
We plan to recruit adults (18 + years of age), without restrictions on sex, health status, or physical fitness level.
Other
Cross-sectional
Not listed
Aerobic capacity (Vo2max-CPET)
Aerobic capacity will be assessed using cardiopulmonary exercise test on a treadmill. Unit of measure (ml/kg/min)
Aerobic capacity (Vo2max-IFT)
Aerobic capacity will be assessed using 30-15 intermittent fitness test. Unit of measure Vo2max derived from the maximal running velocity at the final stage of the test (ml/kg/min)
Aerobic capacity (Vo2max-6MWT)
Aerobic capacity will be assessed using 6-minute walk test. Unit of measure - Vo2max derived from the maximal walking distance achieved on the text (ml/kg/min)
Stiffness of brachial artery
Brachial artery stiffness measured by pulse wave velocity
Flow-mediated slowing (FMS) of brachial artery
Flow-mediated slowing (FMS) of brachial artery measured by Vicorder device
Brachial artery pulse wave analysis
Brachial artery pulse wave analysis will be assessed using the Vicorder device.
Carotid - femoral (cfPWV) arterial stiffness
cfPWV measured by pulse wave velocity
Sit-to-stand performance
The sit-to-stand test will be used to assess lower extremity physical performance
Push-ups
Push-ups will be used to assess upper body physical performance
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