Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the most common congenital infection with a birth prevalence of 0.4% in Europe. It is the leading non-genetic cause of sensorineural hearing loss and a major cause of neurodevelopmental disabilities. The risk of intrauterine transmission is highest when primary infection occurs during pregnancy. Primary CMV infection is asymptomatic or causes non-specific symptoms and only serology can diagnose it with certainty.
The diagnosis of CMV infection is based on the combination of 2 or 3 serological markers and the interpretation of the results is more complex than for other infections and may require additional analyses and sometimes delay the diagnosis and the implementation of secondary prevention of CMV transmission to the fetus by the administration of valaciclovir. Indeed, the effectiveness of secondary prevention is conditioned by the early administration of treatment after the maternal primary infection.
The National Reference Center for Congenital CMV Infections at Necker Hospital, in collaboration with the virology laboratory at Paul Brousse Hospital, has developed the MyCMV "expert" tool, which is a decision-making algorithm that allows the interpretation of CMV serology and CMV PCR results.
The hypothesis of the study is that the use and provision of this MyCMV "expert" tool to health professionals (biologists, midwives and obstetricians) for the interpretation of virological results could avoid a delay in diagnosis and would allow patients to be referred more quickly to a prenatal diagnosis center for appropriate management of CMV infection.
The aim of the study is to evaluate the rate of detection of primary CMV infection in the first trimester of pregnancy using the MyCMV tool compared with the reference method (results interpreted by the centre's expert investigator).
Pregnant woman
And for whom a CMV serology including the search for CMV IgG and IgM antibodies is prescribed at the Necker-Enfants Malades or Paul Brousse hospital or CHU Limoges
And with positive anti-CMV IgM or in the grey zone of the technique
And for whom the date of start of pregnancy is known
None
Pregnant women with prescription of a CMV serology including the search for CMV IgG and IgM antibodies, care at the Necker-Enfants Malades or Paul Brousse hospitals or CHU Limoges, with positive CMV IgM antibodies or in the grey zone of the technique and for whom the date of start of pregnancy is known.
Cohort
Other
Reinterpretation of CMV serology results using the MyCMV tool on the basis of the serology results performed
Other interventionThe CMV serology results of the patients will have been previously interpreted as part of the care on the basis of the entire virological file according to the reference method. These results will be reinterpreted using the MyCMV tool on the basis of the serology results performed (IgM, IgG, avidity), CMV PCR, the date of sampling and the date of the start of pregnancy (or last period). This reinterpretation by the tool will be carried out as part of the study and will not be communicated to the patient or to the doctor prescribing the virological analyses.
Evaluation of the detection rate of primary CMV infection in the first trimester of pregnancy using the MyCMV tool
Detection of primary CMV infection in the first trimester of pregnancy by the MyCMV tool or by the reference method. In the context of this study, the reference method is the interpretation of the results by the expert investigator of the center, without using the MyCMV tool.
Dating in weeks of amenorrhea of the date of primary infection by the MyCMV tool and by the reference method
Dating in weeks of amenorrhea of the date of primary infection by the MyCMV tool and by the reference method. In case of seroconversion of IgG or the presence of isolated IgM (followed by seroconversion in a subsequent serum) in the patient's previous results, evaluation of the dating in weeks of amenorrhea given by the MyCMV tool compared to the dating obtained by the reference method.
Recommendations for the conduct to be adopted for carrying out additional analysis by the MyCMV tool
Among the cases where it is not possible to conclude as to the occurrence of a primary infection during pregnancy on the basis of the available results, identification of the course of action to be taken for carrying out the additional analysis (on a previous sample, the same sample or a new sample) proposed by the reference method and the MyCMV tool.
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Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris
Lead sponsor
URC-CIC Paris Descartes Necker Cochin
Collaborator
